Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Breast Cancer 2nd edition pp 121–161Cite as

Breast Sonography

  • Chapter

  • 2525 Accesses

Part of the book series: M.D. Anderson Cancer Care Series ((MDCCS))

Sonography (US) is routinely used in breast imaging centers as an essential complement to physical examination and mammography in the evaluation of breast masses. US not only differentiates cystic from solid masses but also aids in discrimination between benign and malignant solid masses. In a patient with a newly diagnosed breast cancer, US of the regional nodal basins (with US-guided fine-needle aspiration of suspicious nodes) can significantly alter the pretherapeutic stage. US can be used to evaluate the treated breast and to detect and diagnose local recurrence. US is routinely used at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center to quantify the response of breast tumors and nodal metastases to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. US cannot demonstrate microcalcifications, and its accuracy is very operator dependent. Although US can detect some nonpalpable carcinomas missed by mammography, its efficacy in breast cancer screening remains to be proved. Because of its unique real-time capability, US has become the modality of choice for guiding percutaneous interventional procedures on breast masses, from needle biopsy to ablation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Anan H, Okazaki M, Fujimitsu R, et al. Intracystic papillary carcinoma in the male breast. A case report. Acta Radiol 2000;41:227–229.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Andres B, Aguilar J, Torroba A, et al. Intracystic papillary carcinoma in the male breast. Breast J 2003;9:249–250.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boerner S, Fornage B, Singletary S, et al. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of nonpalpable breast lesions: a review of 1,885 FNA cases using the NCI-supported recommendations on the uniform approach to breast fine-needle aspiration. Cancer 1999;87:19–24.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burak WE Jr, Agnese DM, Povoski SP, et al. Radiofrequency ablation of invasive breast carcinoma followed by delayed surgical excision. Cancer 2003;98:1369–1376.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chopra S, Evans AJ, Pinder SE, et al. Pure mucinous breast cancer—mammographic and ultrasound findings. Clin Radiol 1996;51:421–424.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Kanter AY, van Eijck CH, van Geel AN, et al. Multicentre study of ultrasonographically guided axillary node biopsy in patients with breast cancer. Br J Surg 1999;86:1459–1462.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deurloo EE, Tanis PJ, Gilhuijs KG, et al. Reduction in the number of sentinel lymph node procedures by preoperative ultrasonography of the axilla in breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2003;39:1068–1073.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dowlatshahi K, Francescatti DS, Bloom KJ. Laser therapy for small breast cancers. Am J Surg 2002;184:359–363.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Edeiken BS, Fornage BD, Bedi DG, et al. US-guided implantation of metallic markers for permanent localization of the tumor bed in patients with breast cancer who undergo preoperative chemotherapy. Radiology 1999;213:895–900.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edeiken BS, Fornage BD, Bedi DG, et al. Recurrence in autogenous myocutaneous flap reconstruction after mastectomy for primary breast cancer: US diagnosis. Radiology 2003;227:542–548.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD. Ultrasound of the breast. Ultrasound Quart 1993;11:1–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD. Role of color Doppler imaging in differentiating between pseudocystic malignant tumors and fluid collections. J Ultrasound Med 1995;14: 125–128.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy on nonpalpable breast masses. In: Harris JR, Lippman ME, Morrow M, Hellman S, eds. Diseases of the Breast. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1996:152–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD. Intraoperative sonography of the breast. In: Kane RA, ed. Intraoperative, Laparoscopic, and Endoluminal Ultrasound. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1998:142–147.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD. Sonographically guided needle biopsy of nonpalpable breast lesions. J Clin Ultrasound 1999;27:385–398.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD. Recent advances in breast sonography. J Belg Radiol 2000;83:75–80.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Atkinson EN, Nock LF, et al. US with extended field of view: phantom-tested accuracy of distance measurements. Radiology 2000a;214:579–584.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Brown C, Edeiken BS, et al. Contrast-enhanced breast sonography: preliminary results with gray-scale and contrast harmonic imaging of breast carcinoma. J Ultrasound Med 2000b;19(suppl.):85A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Coan JD, David CL. Ultrasound-guided needle biopsy of the breast and other interventional procedures. Radiol Clin North Am 1992;30:167–185.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Faroux MJ, Simatos A. Breast masses: US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Radiology 1987a;162:409–414.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Lorigan JG, Andry E. Fibroadenoma of the breast: sonographic appearance. Radiology 1989;172:671–675.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Ross MI, Singletary SE, et al. Localization of impalpable breast masses: value of sonography in the operating room and scanning of excised specimens. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1994a;163:569–573.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Samuels BI, Paulus DD, et al. The use of sonography in the evaluation of the response of locally advanced breast carcinoma to preoperative chemotherapy. J Ultrasound Med 1990a;9(suppl.):23A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Sneige N, Edeiken BS. Interventional breast sonography. Eur J Radiol 2002;42:17–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Sneige N, Faroux MJ, et al. Sonographic appearance and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of breast carcinomas smaller than 1 cm3. J Ultrasound Med 1990b;9:559–568.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Sneige N, Ross MI, et al. Small (≤ 2-cm) breast cancer treated with US-guided radiofrequency ablation: feasibility study. Radiology 2004;231:215–224.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Sneige N, Singletary SE. Masses in breasts with implants: diagnosis with US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Radiology 1994b;191:339–342.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornage BD, Toubas O, Morel M. Clinical, mammographic, and sonographic determination of preoperative breast cancer size. Cancer 1987b;60:765–771.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forsberg F, Goldberg BB, Merritt CR, et al. Diagnosing breast lesions with contrast-enhanced 3-dimensional power Doppler imaging. J Ultrasound Med 2004;23:173–182.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Georgian-Smith D, Taylor KJ, Madjar H, et al. Sonography of palpable breast cancer. J Clin Ultrasound 2000;28:211–216.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghate SV, Soo MS, Mengoni PM. Extended field-of-view two-dimensional ultrasonography of the breast: improvement in lesion documentation. J Ultrasound Med 1999;18:597–601.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Giunta RE, Geisweid A, Feller AM. The value of preoperative Doppler sonography for planning free perforator flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000;105:2381–2386.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon PB, Goldenberg SL. Malignant breast masses detected only by ultrasound. A retrospective review. Cancer 1995;76:626–630.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gunhan-Bilgen I, Ustun EE, Memis A. Inflammatory breast carcinoma: mammographic, ultrasonographic, clinical, and pathologic findings in 142 cases. Radiology 2002;223:829–838.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harms SE. MR-guided minimally invasive procedures. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2001;9:381–392.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harter LP, Curtis JS, Ponto G, et al. Malignant seeding of the needle track during stereotaxic core needle breast biopsy. Radiology 1992;185:713–714.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hayashi AH, Silver SF, van der Westhuizen NG, et al. Treatment of invasive breast carcinoma with ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation. Am J Surg 2003;185:429–435.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huber PE, Jenne JW, Rastert R, et al. A new noninvasive approach in breast cancer therapy using magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound surgery. Cancer Res 2001;61:8441–8447.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hynynen K, Pomeroy O, Smith DN, et al. MR imaging-guided focused ultrasound surgery of fibroadenomas in the breast: a feasibility study. Radiology 2001;219:176–185.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Izzo F, Thomas R, Delrio P, et al. Radiofrequency ablation in patients with primary breast carcinoma: a pilot study in 26 patients. Cancer 2001;92:2036–2044.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jeffrey SS, Birdwell RL, Ikeda DM, et al. Radiofrequency ablation of breast cancer: first report of an emerging technology. Arch Surg 1999;134:1064–1068.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson AT, Henry-Tillman RS, Smith LF, et al. Percutaneous excisional breast biopsy. Am J Surg 2002;184:550–554.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman CS, Littrup PJ, Freman-Gibb LA, et al. Office-based cryoablation of breast fibroadenomas: 12-month followup. J Am Coll Surg 2004;198:914–923.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kline TS, Joshi LP, Neal HS. Fine-needle aspiration of the breast: diagnoses and pitfalls. A review of 3545 cases. Cancer 1979;44:1458–1464.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kolb TM, Lichy J, Newhouse JH. Occult cancer in women with dense breasts: detection with screening US—diagnostic yield and tumor characteristics. Radiology 1998;207:191–199.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Konofagou EE. Quo vadis elasticity imaging? Ultrasonics 2004;42:331–336.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kroll SS, Khoo A, Singletary SE, et al. Local recurrence risk after skin-sparing and conventional mastectomy: a 6-year follow-up. Plast Reconstr Surg 1999;104:421–425.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lam WW, Chu WC, Tse GM, et al. Sonographic appearance of mucinous carcinoma of the breast. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004;182:1069–1074.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SW, Choi HY, Baek SY, et al. Role of color and power Doppler imaging in differentiating between malignant and benign solid breast masses. J Clin Ultrasound 2002;30:459–464.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lin KM, Patel TH, Ray A, et al. Intradermal radioisotope is superior to peritumoral blue dye or radioisotope in identifying breast cancer sentinel nodes. J Am Coll Surg 2004;199:561–566.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Littrup PJ, Freeman-Gibb L, Andea A, et al. Cryotherapy for breast fibroadenomas. Radiology 2005;234:63–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moore MM, Whitney LA, Cerilli L, et al. Intraoperative ultrasound is associated with clear lumpectomy margins for palpable infiltrating ductal breast cancer. Ann Surg 2001;233:761–768.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newman L, Kuerer H, Fornage B, et al. Adverse prognostic significance of infraclavicular lymph nodes detected by ultrasonography in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Am J Surg 2001;181:313–318.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paramagul CP, Helvie MA, Adler DD. Invasive lobular carcinoma: sonographic appearance and role of sonography in improving diagnostic sensitivity. Radiology 1995;195:231–234.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parker SH, Jobe WE, Dennis MA, et al. US-guided automated large-core breast biopsy. Radiology 1993;187:507–511.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peterse JL, Thunnissen FB, van Heerde P. Fine needle aspiration cytology of radiation-induced changes in nonneoplastic breast lesions. Possible pitfalls in cytodiagnosis. Acta Cytol 1989;33:176–180.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pfleiderer SO, Freesmeyer MG, Marx C, et al. Cryotherapy of breast cancer under ultrasound guidance: initial results and limitations. Eur Radiol 2002;12:3009–3014.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rahusen FD, Taets van Amerongen AHM, van Diest PJ, et al. Ultrasound-guided lumpectomy of nonpalpable breast cancers: a feasibility study looking at the accuracy of obtained margins. J Surg Oncol 1999;72:72–76.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rissanen T, Typpö T, Tikkakoski T, et al. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous galactography. J Clin Ultrasound 1993;21:497–502.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosen EL, Soo MS. Tissue harmonic imaging sonography of breast lesions: improved margin analysis, conspicuity, and image quality compared to conventional ultrasound. Clin Imaging 2001;25:379–384.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg JJ, Fornage BD, Chevray PM. Monitoring buried free flaps: limitations of the implantable Doppler and use of color duplex sonography as a confirmatory test. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006;118:109–113.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roubidoux MA, Sabel MS, Bailey JE, et al. Small (< 2.0-cm) breast cancers: mammographic and US findings at US-guided cryoablation. Initial experience. Radiology 2004;233:857–867.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rui J, Tatsutani KN, Dahiya R, et al. Effect of thermal variables on human breast cancer in cryosurgery. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1999;53:185–192.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sabel MS, Edge SB. In-situ ablation of breast cancer. Breast Dis 2001;12:131–140.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sabel MS, Kaufman CS, Whitworth P, et al. Cryoablation of early-stage breast cancer: work-in-progress report of a multi-institutional trial. Ann Surg Oncol 2004;11:542–549.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scatarige JC, Hamper UM, Sheth S, et al. Parasternal sonography of the internal mammary vessels: technique, normal anatomy, and lymphadenopathy. Radiology 1989;172:453–457.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Selinko VL, Middleton LP, Dempsey PJ. Role of sonography in diagnosing and staging invasive lobular carcinoma. J Clin Ultrasound 2004;32:323–332.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith LF, Rubio IT, Henry-Tillman R, et al. Intraoperative ultrasound-guided breast biopsy. Am J Surg 2000;180:419–423.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sneige N, Fornage BD, Saleh G. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of nonpalpable breast lesions: cytologic and histologic findings. Am J Clin Pathol 1994;102:98–101.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Staren ED, Sabel MS, Gianakakis LM, et al. Cryosurgery of breast cancer. Arch Surg 1997;132:28–34.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stavros AT, Thickman D, Rapp CL, et al. Solid breast nodules: use of sonography to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. Radiology 1995;196:123–134.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tafra L, Smith SJ, Woodward JE, et al. Pilot trial of cryoprobe-assisted breast-conserving surgery for small ultrasound-visible cancers. Ann Surg Oncol 2003;10:1018–1024.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor KJW, Schmidt R, Fornage B, et al. Ultrasound as a complement to mammography and breast examination to characterize breast masses. Ultrasound Med Biol 2002;28:19–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Union Internationale Contre le Cancer. TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours. 6th ed. Sobin LH, Wittekind C, eds. New-York: Wiley; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vlastos G, Fornage BD, Mirza NQ, et al. The correlation of axillary ultrasonography with histologic breast cancer downstaging after induction chemotherapy. Am J Surg 2000;179:446–452.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yeh CN, Lin CH, Chen MF. Clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics of breast metastases from extramammary malignancies. Am Surg 2004;70:287–290.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zannis VJ, Walker LC, Barclay-White B, et al. Postoperative ultrasound-guided percutaneous placement of a new breast brachytherapy balloon catheter. Am J Surg 2003;186:383–385.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Bruno D. Fornage
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Beth S. Edeiken-Monroe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA

    Kelly K. Hunt MD

  2. Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA

    Geoffrey L. Robb MD

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA

    Eric A. Strom MD

  4. Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA

    Naoto T. Ueno MD, PhD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer Science + Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Fornage, B.D., Edeiken-Monroe, B.S. (2008). Breast Sonography. In: Hunt, K.K., Robb, G.L., Strom, E.A., Ueno, N.T. (eds) Breast Cancer 2nd edition. M.D. Anderson Cancer Care Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34952-7_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34952-7_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-34950-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-34952-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation