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Lipodystrophy: The experiment of nature to study leptin

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Leptin

Part of the book series: Endocrine Updates ((ENDO,volume 25))

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Abstract:

Lipodystrophic syndromes consist of a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by generalized or partial loss of adipose tissue, and are commonly associated with severe insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis. In women, other features may include acanthosis nigricans, hirsutism and oligomenorrhea. Inherited lipodystrophy first recognized more than on hundred years ago is rare, while acquired lipodystrophy associated with antiretroviral drug treatment now accounts for the majority of cases. Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying lipodystrophies has been enhanced by advances in molecular genetics, as well as studies in rodents and humans linking lipid and glucose abnormalities to deficiency of adipose secreted hormones, in particular leptin. This review focuses on the classification of human lipodystrophy, mouse models which resemble the human condition, metabolic and hormonal changes observed in this disorder, and the role of leptin in the pathophysiology and treatment of lipodystrophy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

    Rexford S. Ahima

  2. Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

    Malaka B. Jackson

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Texas Tech University School of Medicine, Lubbock, Texas, USA

    V. Daniel Castracane PhD (Professor Emeritus and Director of Laboratory Operations) (Professor Emeritus and Director of Laboratory Operations)

  2. Foundation for Blood Research, P. O. Box 190, Scarborough, ME, USA

    V. Daniel Castracane PhD (Professor Emeritus and Director of Laboratory Operations) (Professor Emeritus and Director of Laboratory Operations)

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, Indiana, USA

    Michael C. Henson PhD (Professor and Head) (Professor and Head)

  4. Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Michael C. Henson PhD (Professor and Head) (Professor and Head)

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Ahima, R.S., Jackson, M.B. (2006). Lipodystrophy: The experiment of nature to study leptin. In: Castracane, V.D., Henson, M.C. (eds) Leptin. Endocrine Updates, vol 25. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-31416-7_12

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