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Development of Bioactive Organic–Inorganic Hybrids Through Sol–Gel Processing

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Hybrid Nanocomposites for Nanotechnology

Abstract

Bioactive ceramics have attractive features for bone repair because they spontaneously bond to a living bone when implanted in bony defects. However their clinical application is limited to repairs requiring only low loads of material due to their insufficient mechanical performance such as higher brittleness and lower flexibility than those of natural bones. It has been reported that the essential condition for artificial materials to show bioactivity is the formation of bone-like apatite on their surfaces through chemical reactions with body fluids. Fundamental studies concerning apatite formation on bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics have reported that the formation of surface apatite is triggered by both the release of calcium ions and by Si–OH groups formed on the surface of materials. These findings led the authors of the present chapter to the idea that new bioactive materials with mechanical properties similar to those of natural bones can be designed by organic modification of calcium silicate. After a brief critical review of the state-of-the-art on artificial bones, the authors report on their work, emphasizing how bioactive organic–inorganic hybrids have been designed and developed from various organic polymers by addition of Si–OH groups and calcium ions. Similar chemical modification is also effective for providing conventional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)-based bone cement with bioactivity. The added-value of bioactive organic–inorganic hybrids is experimentally demonstrated while future prospects show the promises of such new bionanocomposites.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists ((B)16700365) of the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan

    Toshiki Miyazaki, Masanobu Kamitakahara & Chikara Ohtsuki

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  1. Toshiki Miyazaki
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  2. Masanobu Kamitakahara
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  3. Chikara Ohtsuki
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Correspondence to Toshiki Miyazaki .

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  1. CERAMEC, Limoges, France

    Lhadi Merhari

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Miyazaki, T., Kamitakahara, M., Ohtsuki, C. (2009). Development of Bioactive Organic–Inorganic Hybrids Through Sol–Gel Processing. In: Merhari, L. (eds) Hybrid Nanocomposites for Nanotechnology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30428-1_16

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