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Cell Based Sensing Technologies

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BioMEMS and Biomedical Nanotechnology

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Abstract

Biosensor technology is the driving force in the development of biochips capable of detecting and analyzing biomolecules. A biosensor is a device that detects, records, and transmits information regarding a physiological change or the presence of various chemical or biological materials in the environment. Cell based sensing is the most promising alternative to the existing bio-sensing techniques as cells have the capability of identifying very minute concentrations of environmental agents. The use of living cells as sensing elements provides the opportunity for high sensitivity to a broad range of chemically active substances which affect the electrochemical activity of cells. This chapter provides an overview of the development of cell-based sensors for biological and chemical detection applications, along with significant advances over the last several years. Special emphasis will be given on recently developed planar microelectrode arrays for enabling extracellular recording from electrochemically active cells cultured in vivo. The extracellular signal spectrum can be modulated when the cells are exposed to a variety of chemical agents and this modulated signal constitutes a “signature pattern” which serves as the finger print for a specific chemical agent. Cell based sensors can change the sensing paradigm from “detect-to-treat” to “detect-to-warn”.

Biosensor technology is the driving force in the development of biochips capable of detecting and analyzing biomolecules. A biosensor is a device that detects, records, and transmits information regarding a physiological change or the presence of various chemical or biological materials in the environment. Cell based sensing is the most promising alternative to the existing bio-sensing techniques as cells have the capability of identifying very minute concentrations of environmental agents. The use of living cells as sensing elements provides the opportunity for high sensitivity to a broad range of chemically active substances which affect the electrochemical activity of cells. This chapter provides an overview of the development of cell-based sensors for biological and chemical detection applications, along with significant advances over the last several years. Special emphasis will be given on recently developed planar microelectrode arrays for enabling extracellular recording from electrochemically active cells cultured in vivo. The extracellular signal spectrum can be modulated when the cells are exposed to a variety of chemical agents and this modulated signal constitutes a “signature pattern” which serves as the finger print for a specific chemical agent. Cell based sensors can change the sensing paradigm from “detect-to-treat” to “detect-to-warn”.

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  1. Mechanical Engineering Department, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA

    Cengiz S. Ozkan, Mihri Ozkan, Mo Yang, Xuan Zhang, Shalini Prasad & Andre Morgan

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX

    Mauro Ferrari Ph.D. (Editor-in-Chief, Professor Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine Chairman, Professor of Experimental Therapeutics, Professor of Bioengineering, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, President) (Editor-in-Chief, Professor Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine Chairman, Professor of Experimental Therapeutics, Professor of Bioengineering, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, President)

  2. University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

    Mauro Ferrari Ph.D. (Editor-in-Chief, Professor Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine Chairman, Professor of Experimental Therapeutics, Professor of Bioengineering, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, President) (Editor-in-Chief, Professor Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine Chairman, Professor of Experimental Therapeutics, Professor of Bioengineering, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, President)

  3. Rice University, Houston, TX

    Mauro Ferrari Ph.D. (Editor-in-Chief, Professor Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine Chairman, Professor of Experimental Therapeutics, Professor of Bioengineering, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, President) (Editor-in-Chief, Professor Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine Chairman, Professor of Experimental Therapeutics, Professor of Bioengineering, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, President)

  4. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX

    Mauro Ferrari Ph.D. (Editor-in-Chief, Professor Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine Chairman, Professor of Experimental Therapeutics, Professor of Bioengineering, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, President) (Editor-in-Chief, Professor Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine Chairman, Professor of Experimental Therapeutics, Professor of Bioengineering, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, President)

  5. Texas Alliance for NanoHealth, Houston, TX

    Mauro Ferrari Ph.D. (Editor-in-Chief, Professor Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine Chairman, Professor of Experimental Therapeutics, Professor of Bioengineering, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, President) (Editor-in-Chief, Professor Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine Chairman, Professor of Experimental Therapeutics, Professor of Bioengineering, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, President)

  6. Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana

    Rashid Bashir  & Steve Wereley  & 

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Ozkan, C.S., Ozkan, M., Yang, M., Zhang, X., Prasad, S., Morgan, A. (2006). Cell Based Sensing Technologies. In: Ferrari, M., Bashir, R., Wereley, S. (eds) BioMEMS and Biomedical Nanotechnology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-25845-4_4

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