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Cadmium

  • Chapter
Trace Elements in Terrestrial Environments

Abstract

Cadmium is a soft, ductile, silver-white, lustrous, electropositive metal with an atom. wt. of 112.4, density of 8.64 g cm−3, and melting pt. of 321 ºC. It has eight stable isotopes with the following percentages of abundance: 106Cd (1.22%), 108Cd (0.88%), 110Cd (12.39%), 111Cd (12.75%), 112Cd (24.07%), 113Cd (12.26%), 114Cd (28.86%), and 116Cd (7.58%). Like Zn and Hg, Cd is a transition metal in Group II-B of the periodic table. Cadmium and Zn however, differ from Hg in that the Hg forms particularly strong Hg—C bonds. Like Zn, Cd is almost always divalent in all stable compounds, and its ion is colorless. Its most common compound in nature is CdS. It forms hydroxides and complex ions with ammonia and cyanide, e.g., Cd(NH3) 4−6 and Cd(CN) 2−4 .It also forms a variety of complex organic amines, sulfur complexes, chloro-complexes, and chelates. Cadmium ions form insoluble usually hydrated white compounds, with carbonates, arsenates, phosphates, oxalates, and ferrocyanides.

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Adriano, D.C. (2001). Cadmium. In: Trace Elements in Terrestrial Environments. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21510-5_8

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