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Cholera

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Bacterial Infections of Humans

Cholera is a severe diarrheal illness caused by certain types of Vibrio cholerae, that can lead rapidly to dehydration and death. Although other organisms occasionally cause similar illness, the term “cholera” is reserved for illness caused by infection with toxigenic strains of V. cholerae O1 or O139, whether the symptoms are mild or severe. Epidemic cholera has appeared relatively recently on the global stage, spreading throughout the world early in the 19th century and causing severe epidemics in the crowded cities of the newly industrializing Europe. Epidemic cholera has since recurred in massive multicontinental pandemics. These pandemics had a profound impact on the development of public health, stimulating the establishment of standing health departments, ongoing infectious disease surveillance, and swift and effective public health response to epidemics. The discovery that cholera was associated with contaminated municipal drinking water spurred the “sanitary revolution,” leading to modern water and sewage treatment systems and the control of many diseases in the developed world. Now as then, epidemic cholera continues to goad countries in the early phases of industrialization to develop adequate water and sanitation infrastructures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Enteric Diseases Epidemiology Branch, Division of Foodborne, Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vectorborne, and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 30333, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Manoj P. Menon

  2. Diarrheal Diseases Section, Enteric Diseases, Epidemiology Branch, Division of Foodborne, Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vectorborne, and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 30333, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Eric D. Mintz

  3. Division of Foodborne, Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vectorborne, and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 30333, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Robert V. Tauxe

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  1. Manoj P. Menon
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  1. Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Clifton Road NE., 1518, Atlanta, 30322, U.S.A.

    Philip S. Brachman

  2. College of Medicine, Office of Faculty Affairs, Drexel University, Race Street 1505, Philadelphia, 19102, U.S.A.

    Elias Abrutyn

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Menon, M.P., Mintz, E.D., Tauxe, R.V. (2009). Cholera. In: Brachman, P., Abrutyn, E. (eds) Bacterial Infections of Humans. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09843-2_12

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