Skip to main content

The Commensal Politics of Early States and Empires

  • Chapter

Abstract

Food and feasting are increasingly recognized as having played a prominent role in the emergence of social hierarchies and the negotiation of power and identity (Clark and Blake 1994; Dietler 1996; Dietler and Hayden 2001; Gero 1992; Goody 1982; Gummerman 1997; Nielsen and Nielsen 1998; Wiessner and Shieffenhovel 1996). The notion of ‘feasting,’ as used here, refers to a communal food consumption event that differs in some way from everyday practice (after Dietler 1996). Given the culinary nature of feasts, the use of containers for both food preparation and consumption is generally involved, a fact that increases the archaeological visibility of such events. The papers in this volume utilize culinary equipment as a window into the commensal politics of early states and empires, focusing on the question of whether and how food and feasting figured in the political calculus of archaic states. Using both New and Old World examples, the assembled papers offer particular case studies that serve as the basis for a comparative assessment of the role of feasting in the emergence and expansion of early states.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Reference

  • Adams, Carol J., 1990, The Sexual Politics of Meat. Continuum Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blitz, John, 1993, Big Pots for Big Shots: Feasting and Storage in a Mississipian Community. American Antiquity 58:80–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bourdieu, Pierre, 1984, Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Routledge, London. [orig. published 1979]

    Google Scholar 

  • Braithwaite, Mary, 1982, Decoration as Ritual Symbol: A Theoretical Proposal and an Ethnographic Study in Southern Sudan. In Symbolic and Structural Archaeology, edited by I. Hodder, pp. 80–88. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun, David, 1983, Pots as Tools. In Archaeological Hammers and Theories, edited by J. Moore and A. Keene, pp. 107–133. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brumfiel, Elizabeth, 1991, Weaving and Cooking: Women’s Production in Aztec Mexico. In Engendering Archaeology, edited by J. Gero and M. Conkey, pp. 224–251. Blackwell Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler, Judith, 1993, Bodies that Matter: On the Discursive Limits of Sex. Routledge, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, John and Michael Blake, 1994, The Power of Prestige: Competitive Generosity and the Emergence of Rank Societies in Lowland Mesoamerica. In Factional Competition and Political Development in the New World, edited by E. Brumfiel and J. Fox, pp. 17–30. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collon, Dominique, 1987, First Impressions: Cylinder Seals in the Ancient Near East. British Museum Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conkey, Margaret and Joan Gero, 1991, Tensions, Pluralities, and Engendering Archaeology: An Introduction to Women and Prehistory. In Engendering Archaeology, edited by J. Gero and M. Conkey, pp. 3–30. Blackwell Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conkey, Margaret and Joan Gero, 1997, Programme to Practice: Gender and Feminism in Archaeology. Annual Review of Anthropology 26:411–437.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conkey, Margaret, Olga Soffer, Deborah Stratmann, and Nina Jablonski, 1997, Beyond Art: Pleistocene Image and Symbol. Allen Press and University of California Press, San Francisco.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corley, K.E., 1993, Private Women, Public Meals: Social Conflict in the Synoptic Tradition. Hendrickson Publishers, Peabody,MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Counihan, Carole, 1999, The Anthropology of Food and Body. Routledge, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Counihan, Carole and Steven Kaplan, 1998, Food and Gender: Identity and Power. In Food and Gender: Identity and Power, edited by C. Counihan and S. Kaplan, pp. 1–10. Harwood Academic Publishers, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crane, C. and H. Carr, 1994, The Integration and Quantification of Economic Data from a Late Preclassic Maya Community in Belize. In Paleonutrition: The Diet and Health of Prehistoric Americans, edited by K. Sobolik, pp. 66–79. Center for Archaeological Investigations, Occasional Paper, No. 22, Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dietler, Michael, 1990, Driven by Drink: The Role of Drinking in the Political Economy and the Case of Iron Age France. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 9:352–406.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dietler, Michael, 1996, Feasts and Commensal Politics in the Political Economy. In Food and the Status Quest, edited by P. Wiessner and W. Shieffenhovel, pp. 87–125. Berghahn Books, Providence, Rhode Island.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dietler, Michael and Brian Hayden, 2001, Feasts. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dobres, Marcia Anne, 1995, Gender and Prehistoric Technology: On the Social Agency of Technical Strategies. World Archaeology 27(1):25–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Douglas, Mary, 1966, Purity and Danger Routledge, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Douglas, Mary, 1975, Deciphering a meal. In Implicit Meanings, edited by M. Douglas, pp. 249–275. Routledge & Kegan Paul, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Douglas, Mary, 1984, Food in the Social Order. Russell Sage, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunbabin, Katherine, 1998, Ut Graeco More Biberteur: Greeks and Romans on the Dining Couch. In Meals in a Social Context, edited by I. Nielsen and H. Nielsen, pp. 81–101. Aarhus Studies in Mediterranean Antiquity, No. 1. Aarhus University Press, Denmark. Fortes, Meyer and S.L. Fortes, 1936, Food in the Domestic Economy of the Tallensi. London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, Jonathan, 1994, Consumption and Identity Harwood Academic Publishers, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gero, Joan, 1990, Pottery, Power and Parties! at Queyash, Peru. Archaeology Magazine, March: 52–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gero, Joan, 1992, Feasts and Females: Gender Ideology and Political Meals in the Andes. Norwegian Archaeological Review 25:1–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gero, Joan and Margaret Conkey (eds.), 1991, Engendering Archaeology. Blackwell Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, Liv, 1987, Identifying Gender Representation in the Archaeological Record: A Contextual Study. In The Archaeology of Contextual Meanings, edited by I. Hodder, pp. 79–89. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilchrist, Roberta, 1994, Gender and Material Culture: The Archaeology of Religious Women. Routledge, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilchrist, Roberta, 1999, Gender and Archaeology: Contesting the Past. Routledge, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goody, Jack, 1982, Cooking, Class and Cuisine: A Study in Comparative Sociology Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gummerman, George, IV, 1997, Food and Complex Societies. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 4:105–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gummerman, George, IV, 2001, Southwestern Foodways: Beyond Nutrition. In Examining the Course of Southwest Archaeology: The Durango Conference, edited by D. Phillips, Jr. and Lynne Sebastian, pp. 79–93. Special Publications, No. 3, New Mexico Archaeological Council, Albuquerque.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gummerman, George, IV, 2002, Llama Power and Empowered Fishermen: Food and Power at Pacatnammu, Peru. In The Dynamics of Power, edited by J. O’Donovan, pp. 238–256. Center for Archaeological Investigations, Occasional Paper, No. 30, Suothern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hastorf, Christine, 1991, Gender, Space, and Food in Prehistory. In Engendering Archaeology, edited by J. Gero and M. Conkey, pp. 132–159. Blackwell Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hastorf, Christine and Michael DeNiro, 1985, Reconstruction of Prehistoric Plant Production and Cooking Practices by a New Isotopic Method. Nature 315:489–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayden, Brian, 1990, Nimrods, Piscators, Pluckers, and Planters: The Emergence of Food Production. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 9:31–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayden, Brian, 1996, Feasting in Prehistoric and Traditional Societies. In Food and the Status Quest, edited by P. Wiessner and W. Shieffenhovel, pp. 87–125. Berghahn Books, Providence, Rhode Island.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hendon, Julia, 1997, Women’s Work, Women’s Space, and Women’s Status among the Classic Period Maya Elite of the Copan valley. In Women in Prehistory: North America and Mesoamerica, edited by C. Classen and R. Joyce, pp. 33–46. University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodder, Ian (ed.), 1982a, Theoretical Archaeology: A Reactionary View. In Symbolic and Structural Archaeology, edited by I. Hodder, pp. 1–16. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodder, Ian, 1982b, Symbols in Action Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodder, Ian (ed.), 1987, The Archaeology of Contextual Meaning. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, Thomas, 1984, Pharoah’s People: Scenes from Life in Imperial Egypt. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, Sian and Paul Graves-Brown, 1996, Introduction: Archaeology and Cultural Identity in Europe. In Cultural Identity and Archaeology, edited by P. Graves-Brown, S. Jones, and C. Gamble, pp. 1–24. Routledge, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joyce, Rosemary, 1998, Performing the Body in Pre-hispanic Central America. RES 33:148–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lentz, D., 1991, Maya Diets of the Rich and Poor: Paleoethnobotanical Evidence from Copan. Latin American Antiquity 60(4):701–721.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levi-Strauss, Claude, 1966, The culinary triangle. Partisan Review 33:586–595. [orig. published 1965]

    Google Scholar 

  • Levi-Strauss, Claude, 1969, The Raw and the Cooked University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levi-Strauss, Claude, 1978, The Origin of Table Manners. Harper and Row Publishers, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mintz, Sydney, 1986, Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History Penguin Books, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen, Inge and Hanne Nielsen (eds.), 1998, Meals in a Social Context Aarhus Studies in Mediterranean Antiquity, No. 1. Aarhus University Press, Denmark.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pohl, Mary, 1985, The Privileges of Maya Elites: Prehistoric Vertebrate Fauna from Seibal. In Prehistoric Lowland Maya Environment and Subsistence Economy, edited by M. Pohl, pp. 133–145. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Volume 77, Harvard University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purser, M., 1991, “Several Paradise Ladies are Visiting in Town”: Gender Strategies in the Early Industrial West. Historical Archaeology 25(4):6–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richards, Audrey, 1932, Hunger and Work in a Savage Tribe. Routledge, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richards, Audrey, 1939, Land, Labour, and Diet in Northern Rhodesia. Oxford University Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Romer, John, 1984, Ancient Lives: Daily Life in Egypt of the Pharoahs. Henry Holt and Co., New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Samuel, Devlen, 1996, Investigation of Ancient Egyptian Baking and Brewing Methods by Correlative Microscopy. Science 273:488–490.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmandt-Besserat, Denise, 2001, Feasting in the Ancient Near East. In Feasts, edited by M. Dietler and B. Hayden, pp. 391–403. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shanks, Michael and Chris Tilley, 1987, Re-Constructing Archaeology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spector, Janet, 1983, Male/Female Task Differentiation among the Hidatsa: Toward the Development of an Archaeological Approach to the Study of Gender. In The Hidden Half, edited by Patricia Albers and Beatrice Medicine, pp. 77–99. University Press of America, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spector, Janet, 1993, What this Awl Means: Feminist Archaeology at a Wahpeton Dakota Village. Minnesota Historical Society Press, St. Paul, Minnesota.

    Google Scholar 

  • Towle, Margaret, 1961, The Ethnobotany of Pre-columbian Peru. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, No. 30. New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, P.J. and M. Kennedy, 1991, The Development of Horticulture in the Eastern Woodlands of North America: Women’s Role. In Engendering Archaeology, edited by J. Gero and M. Conkey, pp. 255–275. Blackwell Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whelan, M., 1991, Gender and Historical Archaeology: Eastern Dakota Patterns in the 19th Century. Historical Archaeology 25(4):17–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weismantel, Mary, 1988, Food, Gender, and Poverty in the Ecuadorian Andes. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiessner, Polly and Wulf Shieffenhovel (eds.), 1996, Food and the Status Quest Berghahn Books, Providence, Rhode Island.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yacovleff, E. and F. Herrera, 1934-35, El mundo vegetal de los antiguos peruanos. Revista del Museo Nacional 4:29–102.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bray, T.L. (2003). The Commensal Politics of Early States and Empires. In: Bray, T.L. (eds) The Archaeology and Politics of Food and Feasting in Early States and Empires. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-306-48246-5_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-306-48246-5_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-306-47730-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-306-48246-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics