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An overview of antibiotic pharmacokinetics

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Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency A.P.I.C.E.

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Abstract

Although it would seem obvious that antibiotics benefit patients with infection, the high hospital mortality associated with antibiotic-treated sepsis in critically ill patients suggests otherwise. The success of antibiotics is influenced by immuno-competence, severity of insult, timing of treatment, and physiological reserve. McCabe and Jackson provided the first convincing study assessing the efficacy of antibiotics in patients with gram-negative bacteraemia [1]. They classified patients according to their underlying condition as rapidly fatal, ultimately fatal, or non-fatal. Among those with a rapidly or ultimately fatal condition, as might be expected there was no impact of antibiotics on mortality. However, for those with a non-fatal condition appropriate antibiotics made a highly significant difference. In addition, it has been shown that prompt administration of empirical antibiotics reduces the frequency of shock associated with bacteraemia [2]. More recent intensive care studies have re-emphasised the importance and impact of early administration and appropriate antibiotic use on hospital mortality, with appropriateness based on in vitro sensitivities [3]–[5].

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  1. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK

    M. Palazzo

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  1. Department of Perioperative Medicine, Intensive Care and Emergency, Trieste University School of Medicine, Trieste, Italy

    Antonino Gullo M.D. (Head) (Head)

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Palazzo, M. (2006). An overview of antibiotic pharmacokinetics. In: Gullo, A. (eds) Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency A.P.I.C.E.. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/88-470-0407-1_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/88-470-0407-1_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0406-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-0407-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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