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The Mechanism of T-DNA Integration: Some Major Unresolved Questions

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Agrobacterium Biology

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 418))

Abstract

The mechanism of T-DNA integration into plant genomes during Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation is still not understood. As genetic transformation of plants via Agrobacterium has become a routine practice among plant biologists, understanding T-DNA integration remains important for several reasons. First, T-DNA is the final step in one of the unique cases of inter-kingdom horizontal gene transfer in nature. Second, understanding T-DNA integration is important for biotechnological applications. For example, better knowledge of this process may help develop methods to transform species that are currently not susceptible to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. In addition, regulatory agencies usually require “clean” and “precise” transgenic insertion events, whereas transgenic insertions are commonly complex unpredictable structures. Furthermore, whereas T-DNA integration under natural conditions occurs randomly, technology to direct T-DNA to specific sites in the genome is highly desired. A better understanding of T-DNA integration may help develop methods to achieve more desirable results. Finally, gene targeting methods that require a foreign DNA template for precise DNA modifications in plants often utilize Agrobacterium to deliver the DNA template. Better understanding of the fate of T-DNA in the plant nucleus may help utilize T-DNA for more efficient gene targeting. For introducing gene targeting reagents, efficient delivery of T-DNA without ectopic integration would be useful. The following review summarizes current knowledge related to T-DNA integration. Five major open questions related to T-DNA integration are being presented. Finally, different models for T-DNA integration are being discussed, and a revised model is proposed.

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  1. Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Kamy Singer

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA

    Kamy Singer

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    Stanton B. Gelvin

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Singer, K. (2018). The Mechanism of T-DNA Integration: Some Major Unresolved Questions. In: Gelvin, S. (eds) Agrobacterium Biology. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 418. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2018_98

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