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Interactions of Histophilus somni with Host Cells

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Histophilus somni

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 396))

Abstract

Histophilus somni resides as part of the normal microflora in the upper respiratory tract of healthy cattle. From this site, the organism can make its way into the lower respiratory tract, where it is one of the important bacterial agents of the respiratory disease complex. If H. somni cells disseminate to the bloodstream, they frequently result in thrombus formation. A series of in vitro investigations have examined potential mechanisms that might contribute to such thrombus formation. Earlier work showed that H. somni can stimulate some bovine endothelial cells to undergo apoptosis. More recent studies indicate that H. somni stimulates endothelial cell tissue factor activity and disrupts intercellular junctions. The net effect is to enhance procoagulant activity on the endothelium surface and to make the endothelial monolayer more permeable to molecules, leukocytes, and perhaps H. somni cells. H. somni also activates bovine platelets, which also can enhance tissue factor activity on the endothelium surface. When exposed to H. somni, bovine neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes form extracellular traps in vitro. Ongoing research is investigating how the interplay among endothelial cells, platelets, and leukocytes might contribute to the thrombus formation seen in infected cattle.

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  1. Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive-West, Madison, WI, 52706, USA

    Erica Behling-Kelly, Jose Rivera-Rivas & Charles J. Czuprynski

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  1. Erica Behling-Kelly
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  2. Jose Rivera-Rivas
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Correspondence to Charles J. Czuprynski .

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  1. Virginia-Maryland Reg. College of V, Virginia Tech-Carilion School of Me, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

    Thomas J. Inzana

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Behling-Kelly, E., Rivera-Rivas, J., Czuprynski, C.J. (2015). Interactions of Histophilus somni with Host Cells. In: Inzana, T. (eds) Histophilus somni. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 396. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2015_5010

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