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Molecular Biology of Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology book series (CT MICROBIOLOGY, volume 374)

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) has become a curable disease, thanks to the discovery of antibiotics. However, it has remained one of the most difficult infections to treat. Most current TB regimens consist of 6–9 months of daily doses of four drugs that are highly toxic to patients. The purpose of these lengthy treatments is to completely eradicate Mycobacterium tuberculosis, notorious for its ability to resist most antibacterial agents, thereby preventing the formation of drug resistant mutants. On the contrary, the prolonged therapies have led to poor patient adherence. This, together with a severe limit of drug choices, has resulted in the emergence of strains that are increasingly resistant to the few available antibiotics. Here, we review our current understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the profound drug resistance of M. tuberculosis. This knowledge is essential for the development of more effective antibiotics, which are not only potent against drug resistant M. tuberculosis strains but also help shorten the current treatment courses required for drug susceptible TB.

Keywords

Drug Tolerance Tuberculosis Strain Mycobacterial Species Mycobacterial Cell Wall Bactericidal Antibiotic 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Notes

Acknowledgments

Work in the Nguyen laboratory is supported by NIH Grant R01 AI087903.

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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandUSA
  2. 2.Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUSA

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