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The Role of IL-10 in Regulating Immunity to Persistent Viral Infections

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Book cover Negative Co-Receptors and Ligands

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 350))

Abstract

The immune system has evolved multipronged responses that are critical to effectively defend the body from invading pathogens and to clear infection. However, the same weapons employed to eradicate infection can have caustic effects on normal bystander cells. Therefore, tight regulation is vital and the host must balance engendering correct and sufficient immune responses to pathogens while limiting errant and excessive immunopathology. To accomplish this task, a complex network of positive and negative immune signals are delivered, which in most instances successfully eliminate the pathogen. However, in response to some viral infections, immune function is rapidly suppressed leading to viral persistence. Immune suppression is a critical obstacle to the control of many persistent viral infections such as HIV, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B virus, which together affect more than 500 million individuals worldwide. Thus, the ability to therapeutically enhance immunity is a potentially powerful approach to resolve persistent infections. The host-derived cytokine IL-10 is a key player in the establishment and perpetuation of viral persistence. This chapter discusses the role of IL-10 in viral persistence and explores the exciting prospect of therapeutically blocking IL-10 to increase antiviral immunity and vaccine efficacy.

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Acknowledgments

Our work was supported by the UCLA Center for AIDS Research, the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA, the Johanna and Joseph Shaper Family Chair, and grants from the National Institutes of Health (AI082975, AI085043 to D.G.B.).

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  1. Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics and the UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Elizabeth B. Wilson & David G. Brooks

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  1. Elizabeth B. Wilson
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  2. David G. Brooks
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Correspondence to David G. Brooks .

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  1. Emory Vaccine Center &, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Gatewood Rd. 954, Atlanta, 30329, Georgia, USA

    Rafi Ahmed

  2. Fac. Medicine, Dept. Medical Chemistry and Molecular, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan

    Tasuku Honjo

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Wilson, E.B., Brooks, D.G. (2010). The Role of IL-10 in Regulating Immunity to Persistent Viral Infections. In: Ahmed, R., Honjo, T. (eds) Negative Co-Receptors and Ligands. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 350. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2010_96

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