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The Role of Executive Control in Human Drug Addiction

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences book series (CTBN, volume 3)

Abstract

Recent neurobiological models propose that executive control deficits play a critical role in the development and maintenance of drug addiction. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of executive control processes and their constituent neural network, and examine neuropsychological and neuroimaging evidence of executive control dysfunction in addicted drug users. We explore the link between attentional biases to drug-related stimuli and treatment outcome, and discuss recent work demonstrating that the hedonic balance between drug cues and natural reinforcers is abnormal in addiction. Finally, we consider the potential impact of early drug use on the developing adolescent brain, and discuss research examining premorbid executive control impairments in drug-naïve “at-risk” populations.

Keywords

Addiction Drug dependence Cognition Executive function Cognitive control Cognitive neuroscience 

Abbreviations

WM

Working memory

WCST

Wisconsin card sorting test

PET

Positron emission tomography

EEG

Electroencephalography

fMRI

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

ERP

Event related potential

ACC

Anterior cingualte cortex

PTSD

Post-traumatic stress disorder

rACC

Rostral anterior cingulate cortex

SUD

Substance use disorder

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Notes

Acknowledgment

Drs Hester and Yücel are supported by Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Career Development Grants (519730 (RH) and 509345 (MY)).

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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of PsychologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
  2. 2.Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Faculty of Youth Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
  3. 3.Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

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