Abstract
Regional climate change has an important impact on the climate and weather in Montenegro and on the intermittent rivers and their drainage basins, in particular. Since the early 1990s, it has resulted in an increase of the frequency, duration, and intensity of extreme hydrological events in Montenegro. For example, in the last two decades, Montenegro has experienced severe droughts in 2000, 2003, 2007, and 2012 and has suffered losses from damaging floods, most notably in 2010. Higher air temperatures, stronger evaporation, the increased frequency, and duration of a drought period increase the share of intermittent rivers in the regional hydrological network by reducing the amount of water and shallowing the rivers. All this affects the river ecosystems which change accordingly. On the other hand, a higher frequency and abundance of floods on the rivers accelerate bank erosion, increasing suspended sediment load into the rivers, which leads to a reduction of a diversity among aquatic biota and their communities. Finally, the changes in local hydrology (reduced river runoff, higher intermittency) as a result of regional climate change may also reduce the hydropower capacity of exposed rivers. In the present chapter, we discuss the ongoing regional climate change over drainage basins in Montenegro based on the analysis of interannual variability of key meteorological parameters for intermittent rivers.
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Acknowledgments
Analyses and visualizations used in this study were produced with the Giovanni online data system v.4.32 developed and maintained by the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC). A.G. Kostianoy was partially supported in the framework of the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS budgetary financing (Project N 149-2019-0004).
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Kostianoy, A.G., Kostianaia, E.A., Pešić, V. (2020). Drainage Basins of Montenegro Under Climate Change. In: Pešić, V., Paunović, M., Kostianoy, A. (eds) The Rivers of Montenegro. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 93. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2020_481
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2020_481
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