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Oil and Gas Pipelines in the Black-Caspian Seas Region pp 211–223Cite as

Environmental Risks in Production and Transportation of Hydrocarbons in the Caspian–Black Sea Region

Part of the The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry book series (HEC,volume 51)

Abstract

Environmental risks in production and transportation of hydrocarbons in the Caspian–Black Sea Region are discussed. Natural factors include storms, ice conditions in the Northern Caspian, sea level change, surges, extreme waves, flooding of the coastal zone, earthquakes, etc. Anthropogenic factors include accidents with tankers and oil/gas platforms at sea, damages of offshore pipelines (corrosion), violations of the rules and regulations of works in the construction and repair, violation of technical specifications in the manufacture of pipes and equipment, erroneous actions of operational and maintenance personnel, criminal punches, terrorism, sabotage, etc. The laying of pipelines leads to deforestation and degradation of agricultural lands, historical sites and monuments, nature reserves, and protected areas. Oil leaks in case of damage and improper use of pipelines cause pollution of drinking water sources, lands, and residential areas; violations of the habitat of plants and animals; and heavy man-made disasters: explosions and fires, often with fatalities. Some examples of offshore accidents in the oil and gas industry of the Caspian Sea are discussed.

Keywords

  • Environmental risks
  • Gas
  • Oil
  • Pipelines
  • The Black Sea
  • The Caspian Sea

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  • DOI: 10.1007/698_2015_419
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Acknowledgments

The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under the project N 14-50-00095.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering Research Production Center for Water Management, Land Reclamation and Ecology “Soyuzvodproject”, 43/1, Baumanskaja str., Moscow, 105005, Russia

    Igor S. Zonn

  2. S.Yu. Witte Moscow University, 12, Build. 1, Second Kozhukhovsky Proezd, Moscow, 115432, Russia

    Igor S. Zonn & Andrey G. Kostianoy

  3. P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 36, Nakhimovsky Pr., Moscow, 117997, Russia

    Andrey G. Kostianoy

Authors
  1. Igor S. Zonn
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  2. Andrey G. Kostianoy
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Igor S. Zonn or Andrey G. Kostianoy .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

    Sergey S. Zhiltsov

  2. Soyuzvodproject, Engineering Research Production Center for Water Management, Land Reclamation and Ecology, Moscow, Russia

    Igor S. Zonn

  3. P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    Andrey G. Kostianoy

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Zonn, I.S., Kostianoy, A.G. (2015). Environmental Risks in Production and Transportation of Hydrocarbons in the Caspian–Black Sea Region. In: Zhiltsov, S., Zonn, I., Kostianoy, A. (eds) Oil and Gas Pipelines in the Black-Caspian Seas Region. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 51. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2015_419

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