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Analytical Methodologies for the Determination of Personal Care Products in Water Samples

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Personal Care Products in the Aquatic Environment

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 36))

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Abstract

Personal-care products (PCPs) could reach the aquatic environment and cause a great impact in the aquatic ecosystem. In this sense, the monitoring of these emerging pollutants in the environment yields valuable information. For this reason, analytical methods to determine PCPs in environmental waters are needed. Due to the low concentration of the PCPs, i.e. ng L−1, sensitive methods are needed. This required sensitivity can be achieved by using sensitive analytical techniques during the measurement step, or by employing enrichment techniques during the sample treatment step. Obviously, the combination of both sensitive analytical techniques and extraction techniques considerably improves the quality of the determination.

In this way, in the last years, different analytical methods have been developed to determine PCPs in environmental waters from different origin, i.e., water from sea, lake, river, influent and/or effluent wastewater treatment plant, swimming pool, tap, and groundwater. The aim of this chapter is to compile and discuss the analytical literature dealing with the development and validation of analytical methods for determining PCPs in environmental water samples, emphasizing both the employed sample treatment and the subsequent analytical technique.

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Abbreviations

ADBI:

Celestolide

AHMI:

Phantolide

AHTN:

Tonalide

APCI:

Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization

APPI:

Atmospheric pressure photoionization

ATII:

Traseolide

BAμE:

Bar adsorptive microextraction

BDM:

Butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane

BP:

Butylparaben

BZ:

Benzophenone

BZ1:

Benzophenone-1

BZ10:

Benzophenone-10

BZ2:

Benzophenone-2

BZ3:

Benzophenone-3

BZ4:

Benzophenone-4

BZ6:

benzophenone-6

BZ8:

Benzophenone-8

BzP:

Benzylparaben

BzPh:

Benzylphenol

C18:

Octadecyl functionalized silica

C8:

Octyl functionalized silica

CAR:

Carboxen

CLP:

Chlorophene

CMI:

Chloromethylisothiazolinone

CPE:

Cloud-point extraction

CXL:

Chloroxylenol

DART:

Direct analysis in real time

DCMI:

Dichloromethylisothiazolinone

DEET:

N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide

DI:

Direct immersion

DLLME:

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

DPMI:

Cashmeran

dSPE:

Dispersive solid phase extraction

dμSPE:

Dispersive microsolid phase extraction

ECD:

Electronic capture detector

EDP:

Ethylhexyl dimethyl PABA

EGS:

Ethyleneglycol silicone

EI:

Electronic ionization

EMC:

Ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate

EP:

Ethylparaben

ES:

Ethylhexyl salicylate

ESI:

Electrospray ionization

EW:

Effluent wastewater

FID:

Flame ionization detector

GC:

Gas chromatography

GCxGC:

Two-dimensional gas chromatography

GW:

Groundwater

HFLPME:

Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction

HHCB:

Galaxolide

HMS:

Homosalate

HS:

Head-space

ICA:

Icaridin

IL:

Ionic liquid

IMC:

Isoamyl methoxycinnamate

IPBC:

Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate

IW:

Influent wastewater

KWLPME:

Knitting wool liquid phase microextraction

LC:

Liquid chromatography

LDPE:

Low-density polyethylene

LK:

Lake

LLE:

Liquid–liquid extraction

LVI:

Large volume injection

MA:

Musk ambrette

MALLE:

Membrane-assisted liquid–liquid extraction

MBC:

4-Methylbenzylidene camphor

MCNPME:

Magnetically confined nanoparticle microextraction

MEPS:

Microextraction by packed sorbent

MI:

Methylisothiazolinone

MK:

Musk ketone

MLOD:

Method limit of detection

MM:

Musk moskene

MNPs:

Magnetic nanoparticles

MP:

Methylparaben

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MS/MS:

Tandem mass spectrometry

MSA:

Magnetically stirring assisted

MT:

Musk tibetene

MX:

Musk xylene

NPCPs:

Non-personal care products

OCR:

Octocrylene

PA:

Polyacrylate

PBO:

Piperonyl butoxide

PBS:

Phenylbenzimidazole sulphonic acid

PCPs:

Personal care products

PDMS:

Polydimethylsiloxane

PER:

Permethrin

PID:

Photoionization detector

PMA:

Polymethylmethacrylate

PP:

Propylparaben

PS-DVB:

Polystyrene divinylbenzene copolymer

PS-DVB/MH:

Polystyrene divinylbenzene copolymer modified with hydroxyl groups

PS-DVB/MP:

Polystyrene divinylbenzene copolymer modified with pyrrolidone groups

PVP-DVB:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone divinylbenzene copolymer

PVP-DVB/MCX:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone divinylbenzene copolymer modified with cationic exchange groups

RV:

River

SBE:

Solvent back extraction

SBSE:

Stir-bar sorptive extraction

SDME:

Single-drop microextraction

SP:

Swimming pool

SPE:

Solid-phase extraction

SPME:

Solid-phase microextraction

SW:

Seawater

TBC:

Tetrabromocresol

TC:

Temperature-controlled

TCC:

Triclocarban

TCS:

Triclosan

TD:

Thermal desorption

TW:

Tap water

UDSA:

Up-and-down shaker assisted

USA:

Ultrasounds assisted

USAEME:

Ultrasounds-assisted emulsification microextraction

UV:

Ultraviolet spectrometry

VA:

Vortex assisted

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  1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    Alberto Chisvert & Amparo Salvador

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  1. Alberto Chisvert
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  2. Amparo Salvador
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Correspondence to Alberto Chisvert .

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  1. Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain

    M. Silvia Díaz‐Cruz

  2. Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain

    Damià Barceló

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Chisvert, A., Salvador, A. (2014). Analytical Methodologies for the Determination of Personal Care Products in Water Samples. In: Díaz‐Cruz, M., Barceló, D. (eds) Personal Care Products in the Aquatic Environment. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 36. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2014_265

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