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Medical and Biomedical Updates pp 27–35Cite as

The Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for COVID-19: A Review

Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series (CLEXBI,volume 1289)

Abstract

The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic produced high and excessive demands for hospitalizations and equipment with depletion of critical care resources. The results of these extreme therapeutic efforts have been sobering. Further, we are months away from a robust vaccination effort, and current therapies provide limited clinical relief. Therefore, several empirical oxygenation support initiatives have been initiated with intermittent hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy to overcome the unrelenting and progressive hypoxemia during maximum ventilator support in intubated patients, despite high FiO2. Overall, few patients have been successfully treated in different locations across the globe. More recently, less severe patients at the edge of impending hypoxemia were exposed to HBO preventing intubation and obtaining the rapid resolution of symptoms. The few case descriptions indicate large variability in protocols and exposure frequency. This summary illustrates the biological mechanisms of action of increased O2 pressure, hoping to clarify more appropriate protocols and more useful application of HBO in COVID-19 treatment.

Keywords

  • COVID-19
  • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
  • Hypoxemia
  • Inflammation

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Prof. Nazareno Paolocci for his precious iconographic contribution.

Conflicts of Interest

All authors declare no conflicts of interest in relation to this article.

Ethical Approval

This review article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals directly performed by any of the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

    Matteo Paganini & Gerardo Bosco

  2. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy

    Filippo A. G. Perozzo, Eva Kohlscheen, Regina Sonda & Franco Bassetto

  3. ATIP Hyperbaric Medical Center, Padova, Italy

    Giacomo Garetto

  4. Teamhealth Anesthesia Attending, Emeritus Professor of Surgery, USA, Tampa, FL, USA

    Enrico M. Camporesi

  5. Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Stephen R. Thom

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  1. Matteo Paganini
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Correspondence to Gerardo Bosco .

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  1. Opole Medical School, Opole, Poland

    Prof. Mieczyslaw Pokorski

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Paganini, M. et al. (2020). The Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for COVID-19: A Review. In: Pokorski, M. (eds) Medical and Biomedical Updates. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1289. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2020_568

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