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Dental Stem Cells and Tooth Regeneration

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Book cover Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 3

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((CBTMED,volume 1107))

Abstract

Dental stem cells are a minor population of mesenchymal stem cells existing in specialized dental tissues, such as dental pulp, periodontium, apical papilla, dental follicle and so forth. Standard methods have been established to isolate and identify these stem cells. Due to their differentiation potential, these mesenchymal stem cells are promising for tooth repair. Dental stem cells have been emerging to regenerated teeth and periodontal tissues, ascribe to their self-renewal, multipotency and tissue specific differentiation potential. Therefore, dental stem cells based regeneration medicine highlights a promising access to repair damaged dental tissues or generate new teeth. In this review, we provide an overview of human dental stem cells including isolation and identification, involved pathways and outcomes of regenerative researches. A number of basic researches, preclinical studies and clinical trials have investigated that dental stem cells efficiently improve formation of dental specialized structure and healing of periodontal diseases, suggesting a great feasibility and prospect of these approaches in translational medicine of dental regeneration.

Author contributed equally with all other contributors.Yi Shuai, Yang Ma and Tao Guo

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Abbreviations

3-D:

3-dimensional

ALP:

alkaline phosphatase

bFGF:

base fibroblast growth factor

BMMSCs:

bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

BMP2:

bone morphogenetic protein 2

BSP:

bone sialoprotein

DFCs:

dental follicle cells

DKK1:

Dickkopf 1

DMP1:

dentin matrix protein1

DNCPs:

dentin noncollagenous proteins

DPSCs:

dental pulp stem cells

ECM:

extracellular matrix

EMD:

enamel matrix derivate

GCN5:

general control nonrepressed protein 5

G-CSF:

granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

GTR:

guided tissue regeneration

HA/TCP:

hydroxy apatite/tricalcium phosphate

ICAM1:

intercellular adhesion molecule 1

IGF-1:

insulin-like growth factor-1

iPS:

induced pluripotent stem cells

ITGB1:

integrin b1

LPS:

lipopolysaccharide

MAPK:

mitogen-activated protein kinase

MEPE:

matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein

OCN:

osteocalcin

PDL:

periodontal ligament

PDLSCs:

periodontal ligament stem cells

PRP:

platelet rich plasma

SCAPs:

stem cells from apical papilla

SHEDs:

stem cells of human exfoliated deciduous teeth

TDM:

treated dentin matrix; GMP: Good Manufacturing Practice.

TERT:

telomerase reverse transcriptase

TNF-α:

tumor necrosis factor-α

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by grants from the Nature Science Foundation of China (81620108007) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571532).

Disclosures

All the authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Stomatology, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

      Yi Shuai

    2. State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

      Yi Shuai, Yang Ma, Liqiang Zhang, Meng Qi, Wenjia Liu & Yan Jin

    3. Xi’an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

      Yang Ma, Liqiang Zhang, Meng Qi, Wenjia Liu & Yan Jin

    4. Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

      Yang Ma, Liqiang Zhang, Meng Qi, Wenjia Liu & Yan Jin

    5. Shanghai BYBO Dental Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

      Tao Guo

    6. Department of Stomatology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

      Rui Yang

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      Kursad Turksen

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    Shuai, Y. et al. (2018). Dental Stem Cells and Tooth Regeneration. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 3. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1107. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2018_252

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