Potassium Ion Channels and Allergic Asthma

Abstract

High-conductive calcium-sensitive potassium channels (BK⁺ _Ca) and ATP-sensitive potassium (K⁺ _ATP) channels play a significant role in the airway smooth muscle cell and goblet cell function, and cytokine production. The present study evaluated the therapeutic potential of BK⁺ _Ca and K⁺ _ATP openers, NS 1619 and pinacidil, respectively, in an experimental model of allergic inflammation. Airway allergic inflammation was induced with ovalbumine in guinea pigs during 21 days, which was followed by a 14-day treatment with BK⁺ _Ca and K⁺ _ATP openers. The outcome measures were airway smooth muscle cells reactivity in vivo and in vitro, cilia beating frequency and the level of exhaled NO (E_NO), and the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The openers of both channels decreased airway smooth muscle cells reactivity, cilia beating frequency, and cytokine levels in the serum. Furthermore, NS1619 reduced E_NO and inflammatory cells infiltration. The findings confirmed the presence of beneficial effects of BK⁺ _Ca and K⁺ _ATP openers on airway defence mechanisms. Although both openers dampened pro-inflammatory cytokines and mast cells infiltration, an evident anti-inflammatory effect was provided only by NS1619. Therefore, we conclude that particularly BK⁺ _Ca channels represent a promising new drug target in treatment of airway’s allergic inflammation.