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Radionuclides: Accumulation and Transport in Plants

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Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 241

Part of the book series: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ((RECT,volume 241))

Abstract

Application of radioactive elements or radionuclides for anthropogenic use is a widespread phenomenon nowadays. Radionuclides undergo radioactive decays releasing ionizing radiation like gamma ray(s) and/or alpha or beta particles that can displace electrons in the living matter (like in DNA) and disturb its function. Radionuclides are highly hazardous pollutants of considerable impact on the environment, food chain and human health. Cleaning up of the contaminated environment through plants is a promising technology where the rhizosphere may play an important role. Plants belonging to the families of Brassicaceae, Papilionaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Poaceae, and Asteraceae are most important in this respect and offer the largest potential for heavy metal phytoremediation. Plants like Lactuca sativa L., Silybum marianum Gaertn., Centaurea cyanus L., Carthamus tinctorius L., Helianthus annuus and H. tuberosus are also important plants for heavy metal phytoremediation. However, transfer factors (TF) of radionuclide from soil/water to plant ([Radionuclide]plant/[Radionuclide]soil) vary widely in different plants. Rhizosphere, rhizobacteria and varied metal transporters like NRAMP, ZIP families CDF, ATPases (HMAs) family like P1B-ATPases, are involved in the radio-phytoremediation processes. This review will discuss recent advancements and potential application of plants for radionuclide removal from the environment.

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Acknowledgement

Authors are thankful to Mrs. Swagata Chatterjee for making handmade figures. S.C. and S.D. are thankful to Director, DRDO, Assam, India. The authors apologize for the many colleagues who are not referenced in this work due to space limitations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Gebäude, 4113, 30419, Hannover, Germany

    D. K. Gupta & C. Walther

  2. Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag 2, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India

    S. Chatterjee & S. Datta

  3. Department of Radiochemistry and Applied Ecology, Physical Technology Institute, Ural Federal University, Mira str., 19, Ekaterinburg, Russia

    A. V. Voronina

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  1. D. K. Gupta
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  4. A. V. Voronina
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  5. C. Walther
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Correspondence to D. K. Gupta .

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    Pim de Voogt

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Gupta, D.K., Chatterjee, S., Datta, S., Voronina, A.V., Walther, C. (2016). Radionuclides: Accumulation and Transport in Plants. In: de Voogt, P. (eds) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 241. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol 241. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/398_2016_7

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