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Organometallics in Process Chemistry pp 199–216Cite as

Organometallic Processes in Water

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Part of the book series: Topics in Organometallic Chemistry ((TOPORGAN,volume 65))

Abstract

During our search for sustainable alternatives for reprotoxic polar aprotic solvents, the high-impact and long-term potential of surfactant technology was identified. Based on aqueous micellar catalysis, various synthetic methodologies have been developed and implemented on scale that rely on a variety of transition-metal-catalyzed transformations, as well as other reaction types that are also amenable to this chemistry in water. Implementation typically results in significant benefits across our entire portfolio; that is, in addition to the environmental benefits, from the economic and productivity perspectives, there are also advances to be realized. Representative benefits include reduction in organic solvent consumption, water use, and cycle time, milder reaction conditions, and improved yields and selectivities, which all contribute to improved process performance and lower manufacturing costs.

These surfactant-enabled reactions can be upscaled in the already existing multipurpose facilities of pharmaceutical or other chemical organizations, using a catalytic amount of a combination of a nonionic designer surfactant (e.g., TPGS-750-M) in water and a well-chosen organic cosolvent, instead of traditional and undesirable organic solvents.

Further mechanistic insight gained in the course of our efforts in the field led us to the development of new and always more effective catalytic systems, of both a homogeneous and heterogeneous nature, specifically tailor-made for the medium. The potential of even more appealing synergistic effects has been clearly demonstrated. Taken together, these advances pave the way for an overall transformational, and yet environmentally responsible, approach to catalysis.

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Acknowledgments

First and foremost, we would like to express our sincere thank you to the many dedicated and brilliant students involved in this journey, both at UCSB and at Novartis. To name just a few, Dr. Nick Isley, Dr. Chris Gabriel, Professor Sachin Handa (now University of Louisville), and our close collaborator Professor Martin Andersson (University of Copenhagen) along with the many chemists who enabled the implementation of this disruptive technology within the industry, including Dr. Larry Hamann, Dr. Michael Parmentier, Dr. Pengfei Guo, Dr. Jianguang Zhou, and Mr. Vincent Bordas. The industrialization of the technology would also not have been feasible without Novartis management’s precious trust and support. Thank you to Dr. Heiko Potgeter, Dr. Daniel Kaufmann, Dr. Thomas Heinz, and Dr. Andreas Knell. We also warmly acknowledge Novartis and the NSF (GOALISusChEM 1566212) for financial support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Novartis Pharma AG, Chemical and Analytical Development, Basel, Switzerland

    Fabrice Gallou

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA

    Bruce H. Lipshutz

Authors
  1. Fabrice Gallou
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  2. Bruce H. Lipshutz
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fabrice Gallou .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. MilliporeSigma (A business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Thomas J. Colacot

  2. Johnson Matthey, Taloja, Maharashtra, India

    Vilvanathan Sivakumar

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Gallou, F., Lipshutz, B.H. (2018). Organometallic Processes in Water. In: Colacot, T., Sivakumar, V. (eds) Organometallics in Process Chemistry. Topics in Organometallic Chemistry, vol 65. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/3418_2018_17

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