Abstract
This chapter describes recent advances of molybdenum-catalyzed catalytic nitrogen fixation such as catalytic formation of silylamine and ammonia from dinitrogen under ambient reaction conditions. Hidai, Nishibayashi, Masuda, Mézailles, and their coworkers have achieved the molybdenum-catalyzed silylation and Schrock, Nishibayashi, and their coworkers have achieved the molybdenum-catalyzed formation of ammonia from nitrogen gas under ambient reaction conditions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Allen AD, Senoff CV (1965) Nitrogenopentammineruthenium(II) complexes. Chem Commun:621–622. doi:10.1039/c19650000621
Yamamoto A, Kitazume S, Pu LS, Ikeda S (1967) Study of the fixation of nitrogen. Isolation of tris(triphenylphosphine) cobalt complex coordinated with molecular nitrogen. Chem Commun:79–80. doi:10.1039/c19670000079
Hidai M, Tominari K, Uchida Y, Misono A (1969) A trans-dinitrogen complex of molybdenum. Chem Commun:1392–1392. doi:10.1039/c29690001392
Chatt J, Pearman AJ, Richards RL (1975) The reduction of mono-coordinated molecular nitrogen to ammonia in a protic environment. Nature 253:39–40. doi:10.1038/253039b0
Chatt J, Pearman AJ, Richards RL (1977) Conversion of dinitrogen in its molybdenum and tungsten complexes into ammonia and possible relevance to the nitrogenase reaction. J Chem Soc Dalton Trans:1852–1860. doi:10.1039/dt9770001852
Chatt J, Pearman AJ, Richards RL (1975) Diazenido (iminonitrosyl) (N2H), hydrazido(2–) (N2H2), and hydrazido(1–) (N2H3) ligands as intermediates in the reduction of ligating dinitrogen to ammonia. J Organomet Chem 101:C45–C47. doi:10.1016/s0022-328x(00)92481-1
Chatt J, Pearman AJ, Richards RL (1978) Hydrazido(2–)-complexes of molybdenum and tungsten formed from dinitrogen complexes by protonation and ligand exchange. J Chem Soc Dalton Trans:1766–1776. doi:10.1039/dt9780001766
Anderson SN, Fakley ME, Richards RL, Chatt J (1981) Hydrazido(2–)-complexes as intermediates in the conversion of ligating dinitrogen into ammonia and hydrazine. J Chem Soc Dalton Trans:1973–1980. doi:10.1039/dt9810001973
Chatt J (1975) The reactions of dinitrogen in its mononuclear complexes. J Organomet Chem 100:17–28. doi:10.1016/s0022-328x(00)88931-7
Chatt J, Richards RL (1982) The reactions of dinitrogen in its metal complexes. J Organomet Chem 239:65–77. doi:10.1016/s0022-328x(00)94103-2
Hidai M, Mizobe Y (1995) Recent advances in the chemistry of dinitrogen complexes. Chem Rev 95:1115–1133. doi:10.1021/cr00036a008
Hidai M, Ishii Y (1996) Toward direct synthesis of organonitrogen compounds from dinitrogen: the chemistry of diazoalkane complexes derived from dinitrogen complexes. Bull Chem Soc Jpn 69:819–831. doi:10.1246/bcsj.69.819
Fryzuk MD, Johnson SA (2000) The continuing story of dinitrogen activation. Coord Chem Rev 200–202:379–409. doi:10.1016/s0010-8545(00)00264-2
Shaver MP, Fryzuk MD (2003) Activation of molecular nitrogen: coordination, cleavage and functionalization of N2 mediated by metal complexes. Adv Synth Catal 345:1061–1076. doi:10.1002/adsc.200303081
MacKay BA, Fryzuk MD (2004) Dinitrogen coordination chemistry: on the biomimetic borderlands. Chem Rev 104:385–401. doi:10.1021/cr020610c
Schrock RR (2005) Catalytic reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia at a single molybdenum center. Acc Chem Res 38:955–962. doi:10.1021/ar0501121
Schrock RR (2008) Catalytic reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia by molybdenum: theory versus experiment. Angew Chem Int Ed 47:5512–5522. doi:10.1002/anie.200705246
Hinrichsen S, Broda H, Gradert C, Söncksen L, Tuczek F (2012) Recent developments in synthetic nitrogen fixation. Annu Rep Prog Chem Sect A Inorg Chem 108:17–47. doi:10.1039/c2ic90033e
Nishibayashi Y (2012) Molybdenum-catalyzed reduction of molecular dinitrogen under mild reaction conditions. Dalton Trans 41:7447–7453. doi:10.1039/c2dt30105a
Broda H, Hinrichsen S, Tuczek F (2013) Molybdenum(0) dinitrogen complexes with polydentate phosphine ligands for synthetic nitrogen fixation: geometric and electronic structure contributions to reactivity. Coord Chem Rev 257:587–598. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2012.05.010
Tanabe Y, Nishibayashi Y (2013) Developing more sustainable processes for ammonia synthesis. Coord Chem Rev 257:2551–2564. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2013.02.010
Sivasankar C, Baskaran S, Tamizmani M, Ramakrishna K (2014) Lessons learned and lessons to be learned for developing homogeneous transition metal complexes catalyzed reduction of N2 to ammonia. J Organomet Chem 752:44–58. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.11.024
Khoenkhoen N, de Bruin B, Reek JNH, Dzik WI (2015) Reactivity of dinitrogen bound to mid- and late-transition-metal centers. Eur J Inorg Chem:567–598. doi:10.1002/ejic.201403041
Nishibayashi Y (2015) Molybdenum-catalyzed reduction of molecular dinitrogen into ammonia under ambient reaction conditions. C R Chim 18:776–784. doi:10.1016/j.crci.2015.01.014
Nishibayashi Y (2015) Recent progress in transition-metal-catalyzed reduction of molecular dinitrogen under ambient reaction conditions. Inorg Chem 54:9234–9247. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00881
Tanaka H, Nishibayashi Y, Yoshizawa K (2016) Interplay between theory and experiment for ammonia synthesis catalyzed by transition metal complexes. Acc Chem Res 49:987–995. doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00033
Ohki Y, Seino H (2016) N-heterocyclic carbenes as supporting ligands in transition metal complexes of N2. Dalton Trans 45:874–880. doi:10.1039/c5dt04298d
Tanabe Y, Nishibayashi Y (2016) Catalytic dinitrogen fixation to form ammonia at ambient reaction conditions using transition metal–dinitrogen complexes. Chem Rec 16:1549–1577. doi:10.1002/tcr.201600025
Flöser BM, Tuczek F (2016) Synthetic nitrogen fixation with mononuclear molybdenum complexes: electronic-structural and mechanistic insights from DFT. Coord Chem Rev. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2016.11.003
Shiina K (1972) Reductive silylation of molecular nitrogen via fixation to tris(trialkylsilyl)amine. J Am Chem Soc 94:9266–9267. doi:10.1021/ja00781a068
Komori K, Oshita H, Mizobe Y, Hidai M (1989) Catalytic conversion of molecular nitrogen into silylamines using molybdenum and tungsten dinitrogen complexes. J Am Chem Soc 111:1939–1940. doi:10.1021/ja00187a092
Tanaka H, Sasada A, Kouno T, Yuki M, Miyake Y, Nakanishi H, Nishibayashi Y, Yoshizawa K (2011) Molybdenum-catalyzed transformation of molecular dinitrogen into silylamine: experimental and DFT study on the remarkable role of ferrocenyldiphosphine ligands. J Am Chem Soc 133:3498–3506. doi:10.1021/ja109181n
Ogawa T, Kajita Y, Wasada-Tsutsui Y, Wasada H, Masuda H (2013) Preparation, characterization, and reactivity of dinitrogen molybdenum complexes with bis(diphenylphosphino)amine derivative ligands that form a unique 4-membered P–N–P chelate ring. Inorg Chem 52:182–195. doi:10.1021/ic301577a
Liao Q, Saffon-Merceron N, Mézailles N (2014) Catalytic dinitrogen reduction at the molybdenum center promoted by a bulky tetradentate phosphine ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed 53:14206–14210. doi:10.1002/anie.201408664
Liao Q, Saffon-Merceron N, Mézailles N (2015) N2 reduction into silylamine at tridentate phosphine/Mo center: catalysis and mechanistic study. ACS Catal 5:6902–6906. doi:10.1021/acscatal.5b01626
Kuriyama S, Arashiba K, Nakajima K, Tanaka H, Yoshizawa K, Nishibayashi Y (2016) Azaferrocene-based PNP-type pincer ligand: synthesis of molybdenum, chromium, and iron complexes and reactivity toward nitrogen fixation. Eur J Inorg Chem:4856–4861. doi:10.1002/ejic.201601051
Yandulov DV, Schrock RR (2003) Catalytic reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia at a single molybdenum center. Science 301:76–78. doi:10.1126/science.1085326
Yandulov DV, Schrock RR (2002) Reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia at a well-protected reaction site in a molybdenum triamidoamine complex. J Am Chem Soc 124:6252–6253. doi:10.1021/ja020186x
Yandulov DV, Schrock RR, Rheingold AL, Ceccarelli C, Davis WM (2003) Synthesis and reactions of molybdenum triamidoamine complexes containing hexaisopropylterphenyl substituents. Inorg Chem 42:796–813. doi:10.1021/ic020505l
Yandulov DV, Schrock RR (2005) Studies relevant to catalytic reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia by molybdenum triamidoamine complexes. Inorg Chem 44:1103–1117. doi:10.1021/ic040095w
Weare WW, Dai X, Byrnes MJ, Chin JM, Schrock RR, Müller P (2006) Catalytic reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia at a single molybdenum center. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:17099–17106. doi:10.1073/pnas.0602778103
Munisamy T, Schrock RR (2012) An electrochemical investigation of intermediates and processes involved in the catalytic reduction of dinitrogen by [HIPTN3N]Mo (HIPTN3N = (3,5-(2,4,6-i-Pr3C6H2)2C6H3NCH2CH2)3N). Dalton Trans 41:130–137. doi:10.1039/c1dt11287b
Ritleng V, Yandulov DV, Weare WW, Schrock RR, Hock AS, Davis WM (2004) Molybdenum triamidoamine complexes that contain hexa-tert-butylterphenyl, hexamethylterphenyl, or p-bromohexaisopropylterphenyl substituents. An examination of some catalyst variations for the catalytic reduction of dinitrogen. J Am Chem Soc 126:6150–6163. doi:10.1021/ja0306415
Reithofer MR, Schrock RR, Müller P (2010) Synthesis of [(DPPNCH2CH2)3N]3− molybdenum complexes (DPP = 3,5-(2,5-diisopropylpyrrolyl)2C6H3) and studies relevant to catalytic reduction of dinitrogen. J Am Chem Soc 132:8349–8358. doi:10.1021/ja1008213
Weare WW, Schrock RR, Hock AS, Müller P (2006) Synthesis of molybdenum complexes that contain “hybrid” triamidoamine ligands, [(hexaisopropylterphenyl-NCH2CH2)2NCH2CH2N-aryl]3−, and studies relevant to catalytic reduction of dinitrogen. Inorg Chem 45:9185–9196. doi:10.1021/ic0613457
Chin JM, Schrock RR, Müller P (2010) Synthesis of diamidopyrrolyl molybdenum complexes relevant to reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia. Inorg Chem 49:7904–7916. doi:10.1021/ic100856n
Smythe NC, Schrock RR, Müller P, Weare WW (2006) Synthesis of [(HIPTNCH2CH2)3N]V compounds (HIPT = 3,5-(2,4,6-i-Pr3C6H2)2C6H3) and an evaluation of vanadium for the reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia. Inorg Chem 45:9197–9205. doi:10.1021/ic061554r
Smythe NC, Schrock RR, Müller P, Weare WW (2006) Synthesis of [(HIPTCH2CH2)3N]Cr compounds (HIPT = 3,5-(2,4,6-i-Pr3C6H2)2C6H3) and an evaluation of chromium for the reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia. Inorg Chem 45:7111–7118. doi:10.1021/ic060549k
Yandulov DV, Schrock RR (2005) Synthesis of tungsten complexes that contain hexaisopropylterphenyl-substituted triamidoamine ligands, and reactions relevant to the reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia. Can J Chem 83:341–357. doi:10.1139/v05-013
Arashiba K, Miyake Y, Nishibayashi Y (2011) A molybdenum complex bearing PNP-type pincer ligands leads to the catalytic reduction of dinitrogen into ammonia. Nat Chem 3:120–125. doi:10.1038/nchem.906
Tanaka H, Arashiba K, Kuriyama S, Sasada A, Nakajima K, Yoshizawa K, Nishibayashi Y (2014) Unique behaviour of dinitrogen-bridged dimolybdenum complexes bearing pincer ligand towards catalytic formation of ammonia. Nat Commun 5:3737. doi:10.1038/ncomms4737
Kinoshita E, Arashiba K, Kuriyama S, Miyake Y, Shimazaki R, Nakanishi H, Nishibayashi Y (2012) Synthesis and catalytic activity of molybdenum–dinitrogen complexes bearing unsymmetric PNP-type pincer ligands. Organometallics 31:8437–8443. doi:10.1021/om301046t
Kuriyama S, Arashiba K, Nakajima K, Tanaka H, Kamaru N, Yoshizawa K, Nishibayashi Y (2014) Catalytic formation of ammonia from molecular dinitrogen by use of dinitrogen-bridged dimolybdenum–dinitrogen complexes bearing PNP-pincer ligands: remarkable effect of substituent at PNP-pincer ligand. J Am Chem Soc 136:9719–9731. doi:10.1021/ja5044243
Kuriyama S, Arashiba K, Nakajima K, Tanaka H, Yoshizawa K, Nishibayashi Y (2015) Nitrogen fixation catalyzed by ferrocene-substituted dinitrogen-bridged dimolybdenum–dinitrogen complexes: unique behavior of ferrocene moiety as redox active site. Chem Sci 6:3940–3951. doi:10.1039/c5sc00545k
Arashiba K, Kinoshita E, Kuriyama S, Eizawa A, Nakajima K, Tanaka H, Yoshizawa K, Nishibayashi Y (2015) Catalytic reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia by use of molybdenum–nitride complexes bearing a tridentate triphosphine as catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 137:5666–5669. doi:10.1021/jacs.5b02579
Tanaka H, Yoshizawa K (2017) Computational approach to nitrogen fixation on molybdenum–dinitrogen complexes. Top Organomet Chem 60:171–196. doi:10.1007/3418_2016_7
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Eizawa, A., Nishibayashi, Y. (2017). Catalytic Nitrogen Fixation Using Molybdenum–Dinitrogen Complexes as Catalysts. In: Nishibayashi, Y. (eds) Nitrogen Fixation. Topics in Organometallic Chemistry, vol 60. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/3418_2016_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3418_2016_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-57713-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-57714-2
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)