Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 1198))

  • 115 Accesses

Abstract

During the last four decades the field of artificial intelligence has made impressive progress. It is true that not all the promises generated during the enthusiasm of the early years have yet been delivered. But the fact remains that today's systems do provide impressive levels of machine intelligence. There are many examples of intelligent software systems which can match human capabilities. However, we must not fall into the trap of wanting computer systems to emulate fully human performance, for therein lie many subtle philosophical, scientific and engineering pitfalls. This paper provides a personal account of the progress of AI and offers an optimistic viewpoint.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Wheeler T E: ‘It's the Information Not the Highway', IEEE Communications (December 1995).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Smith R: 'software Agent Technology', Practical Application of Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agent Technology (PAAM) conference, London (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Penrose R: 'shadows of the Mind', Oxford Univ Press (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Dreyfus H L and Dreyfus S E: ‘Making a mind versus modelling the brain: AI back at a branchpoint', The AI Debate, MIT Press (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Miller D: ‘Popper Selections', Princeton Paperbacks (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Dawkins R: ‘The Extended Phenotype', Oxford Univ Press (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Dawkins R: ‘The Selfish Gene', Oxford Univ Press (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Nwana H S and Wooldridge M: ‘Software agent technologies', BT Technol J, 14, No 4, pp 68–78 (October 1996).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Wheddon C: ‘Foreword’ in 'speech Technology for telecom-munications', BT Technol J, 14, No 1, p 7 (January 1996).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Page J H and Breen A P: ‘The Laureate text-to-speech system — architecture and applications', BT Technol J, 14, No 1, pp 57–67 (January 1996).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Scahill F et al: ‘Speech recognition — making it work for real', BT Technol J, 14, No 1, pp 151–164 (January 1996).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Buchanan B G and Shortliffe E H: ‘Rule-based expert systems', Addison-Wesley (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hayes-Roth F: ‘The knowledge-based expert system — a tutorial', Computer 9, pp 11–28 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Zadeh L A: 'software computing and fuzzy logic', IEEE Software, (November 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Brooks R: ‘Elephants Don't Play Chess', in: ‘Designing Autonomous Agents, Theory and Practice from Biology to Engineering', MIT Press (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Aleksander I: ‘Impossible Minds, My Neurons, My Consciousness', Imperial College Press (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Nwana H S: ‘Software agents: An overview', Knowledge Engineering Review, 11, No 3, pp 205–244 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Guha R V and Lenat D B: ‘Enabling agents to work together', Communications of the ACM, 37 (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Lenat D B: ‘CYC: A large-scale investment in knowledge infrastructure', Communications of the ACM, 38 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Michie D: ‘Consciousness as an Engineering Issue', (1 and 2), Journal of Consciousness Studies (1994–1995).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Lighthill J: ‘UK Science and Engineering', Council report (1973).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Hyacinth S. Nwana Nader Azarmi

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Smith, R., Mamdani, E.H. (1997). Intelligent software systems. In: Nwana, H.S., Azarmi, N. (eds) Software Agents and Soft Computing Towards Enhancing Machine Intelligence. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1198. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-62560-7_50

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-62560-7_50

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-62560-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-68079-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics