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Acute Aluminum Intoxication

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Group 13 Chemistry II

Part of the book series: Structure and Bonding ((STRUCTURE,volume 104))

Abstract

Despite the abundance of aluminum (Al) in nature, it has no known biological function in humans. On the contrary, wide ranges of toxic effects of Al to hundreds of cellular processes both in man and animals have been demonstrated in plants and aquatic animals in nature, experimental animals by several routes of exposure, and under different clinical conditions in humans. Manifestations of Al toxicity that are encountered vary substantially, with major differences arising due to different sources and varying intensity of the Al burden in combination with differences in individual susceptibility. Al neurotoxicity occurs only under extreme conditions and the conditions are the worst in acute Al encephalopathy where myoclonic jerks, convulsions and a high mortality rate are the major manifestations. Especially hemodialysis patients are at risk when the dialysate is contaminated with high Al concentration, but also the use of Al in bladder irrigation and the use of Al containing cement in otosurgery has been related to acute Al encephalopathy. Therefore, every effort should be undertaken to limit the use of compounds containing Al in medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Diatel Curaçao, Jan Noorduynweg 81, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles

    Kenrick Berend

  2. Toxicology Laboratory, Leiden University Medical Center L1-P, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Gijsbert B. van der Voet & Frederik A. de Wolff

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  1. Kenrick Berend
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  2. Gijsbert B. van der Voet
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  3. Frederik A. de Wolff
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  1. Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Herbert W. Roesky

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506 0055, USA

    David A. Atwood

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Berend, K., van der Voet, G.B., de Wolff, F.A. (2002). Acute Aluminum Intoxication. In: Roesky, H.W., Atwood, D.A. (eds) Group 13 Chemistry II. Structure and Bonding, vol 104. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45425-X_1

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