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Polymorphism and Structure of Carbons

  • Chapter
Understanding Carbon Nanotubes

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Physics ((LNP,volume 677))

Abstract

In this chapter, our purpose is to introduce carbon materials, situating the nanotubes inside this polymorphic zoo. We aim at giving the reader the basic notions on carbon materials structural and physical properties, necessary for the understanding of the following chapters. The introductory section gives a historical background about the peculiar carbon element and the numerous carbon materials which have been identified up to now. Then in a second part a classical thermodynamic approach is presented to describe the crystalline and non-crystalline forms of carbon, up to fullerenes and nanotubes. It is shown that the choice of the processing ways, including the crucial role played by the temperature, is fundamental to control the final type of material. In particular the different processes to prepare non-crystalline graphitic carbons are described in Sect. 1.3. Based on the texture symmetries different types of classical carbon materials are presented in relation with their numerous industrial applications. Then a general introduction is given concerning mainly the transport properties of the crystalline forms, including the intercalation compounds, but also their ‘avatars’ as pregraphitic carbons. In a final part, this panorama, which is going from the classical forms to the more molecular ones including nanotubes, is completed by the presentation of similar compounds. Starting from neighboring elements in the periodic classification we show that doped carbons and parent compounds present a similar polymorphism which enlarges this general introduction.

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Authors
  1. P. Delhaès
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  2. J.P. Issi
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  3. S. Bonnamy
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  4. P. Launois
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire d’Etude des Microstructures (LEM), UMR 104 CNRS-ONERA, Avenue de la Division Leclerc, Châtillon, 72, 92322, France

    Annick Loiseau

  2. Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), UMR 8502 CNRS-Université Paris Sud, Bât. 510, Orsay Cedex, 91405, France

    Pascale Launois

  3. Institut Charles Sadron, UPR 22 CNRS, 6 rue Boussingault, Strasbourg, 67083, France

    Pierre Petit

  4. Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, DSM/DRFMC/SPSMS, 17 avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38054, France

    Stephan Roche

  5. Centre de Recherche sur la Matiére Divisée (CRMD), UMR 6619 CNRS-Université d’Orléans, 1B rue de la Férollerie, Orléans Cedex 2, 45071, France

    Jean-Paul Salvetat

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Delhaès, P., Issi, J., Bonnamy, S., Launois, P. (2006). Polymorphism and Structure of Carbons. In: Loiseau, A., Launois, P., Petit, P., Roche, S., Salvetat, JP. (eds) Understanding Carbon Nanotubes. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 677. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg . https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-37586-4_1

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