Skip to main content

Analysis of Symbolic SCC Hull Algorithms

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design (FMCAD 2002)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 2517))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The Generalized SCC Hull (GSH) algorithm of [11] can be instantiated to obtain many symbolic algorithms for the detection of fair cycles in a graph. We present a modified GSH with improved convergence properties, and we use it to study—both in theory and experimentally—the performance of various algorithms employed in symbolic model checkers. In particular, we show that the algorithm of Emerson and Lei [4] has optimal complexity among those that can be derived from GSH. We also propose an early termination check that allows the Lockstep algorithm [1] to detect the existence of a fair cycle before an entire SCC has been examined. Our experimental evaluation confirms that no one method dominates the others, and identifies some of the factors that impact run times besides those accounted for by the theoretical analysis.

This work was supported in part by SRC contract 2001-TJ-920 and NSF grant CCR-99-71195.

This work was done while this author was with the University of Colorado at Boulder.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. R. Bloem, H. N. Gabow, and F. Somenzi. An algorithm for strongly connected component analysis in nlogn symbolic steps. In W. A. Hunt, Jr. and S. D. Johnson, editors, Formal Methods in Computer Aided Design, pages 37–54. Springer-Verlag, November 2000. LNCS 1954.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. R. K. Braytonet al. VIS: A system for verification and synthesis. In T. Henzinger and R. Alur, editors, Eighth Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV’96), pages 428–432. Springer-Verlag, Rutgers University, 1996. LNCS 1102.

    Google Scholar 

  3. E. M. Clarke, O. Grumberg, and D. A. Peled. Model Checking. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  4. E. A. Emerson and C.-L. Lei. Efficient model checking in fragments of the propositional mu-calculus. In Proceedings of the First Annual Symposium of Logic in Computer Science, pages 267–278, June 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  5. K. Fisler, R. Fraer, G. Kamhi, M. Vardi, and Z. Yang. Is there a best symbolic cycle-detection algorithm? In T. Margaria and W. Yi, editors, Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, pages 420–434. Springer-Verlag, April 2001. LNCS 2031.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. R. H. Hardin, R. P. Kurshan, S. K. Shukla, and M. Y Vardi. A new heuristic for bad cycle detection using BDDs. In O. Grumberg, editor, Ninth Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV’97), pages 268–278. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997. LNCS 1254.

    Google Scholar 

  7. R. Hojati, H. Touati, R. P. Kurshan, and R. K. Brayton. Efficient ω-regular language containment. In Computer Aided Verification, pages 371–382, Montréal, Canada, June 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Y Kesten, A. Pnueli, and L.-o. Raviv. Algorithmic verification of linear temporal logic specifications. In International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP-98), pages 1–16, Berlin, 1998. Springer. LNCS 1443.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. R. P. Kurshan. Computer-Aided Verification of Coordinating Processes. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  10. K. L. McMillan. Symbolic Model Checking. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  11. K. Ravi, R. Bloem, and F. Somenzi. A comparative study of symbolic algorithms for the computation of fair cycles. In W. A. Hunt, Jr. and S. D. Johnson, editors, Formal Methods in Computer Aided Design, pages 143–160. Springer-Verlag, November 2000. LNCS 1954.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. F. Somenzi. Symbolic state exploration. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, 23, 1999. http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/entcs/volume23.html.

  13. A. Tarski. A lattice-theoretic fixpoint theorem and its applications. Pacific Journal of Mathematics, 5:285–309, 1955.

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. C. Wang, R. Bloem, G. D. Hachtel, K. Ravi, and E Somenzi. Divide and compose: SCC refinement for language emptiness. In International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR01), pages 456–471, Berlin, August 2001. Springer-Verlag. LNCS 2154.

    Google Scholar 

  15. A. Xie and P. A. Beerel. Implicit enumeration of strongly connected components. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, pages 37–40, San Jose, CA, November 1999.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Somenzi, F., Ravi, K., Bloem, R. (2002). Analysis of Symbolic SCC Hull Algorithms. In: Aagaard, M.D., O’Leary, J.W. (eds) Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design. FMCAD 2002. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2517. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36126-X_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36126-X_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-00116-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-36126-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics