Abstract
Over the last few years, high-quality X-ray imaging and spectroscopic data from Chandra and XMM-Newton have added greatly to the understanding of the physics of radio jets. Here we describe the current state of knowledge with an emphasis on the underlying physics used to interpret multiwavelength data in terms of physical parameters.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
A. Achterberg, Y.A. Gallant, J.G. Kirk, A.W. Guthmann: MNRAS 328, 393 (2001)
F.A. Aharonian: MNRAS 322, 215 (2002)
P. Alexander: MNRAS 335, 610 (2002)
K. Arnaud, B. Dorman: XSPEC, An X-ray Spectral Fitting Package, version 11.3 http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/software/lheasoft/xanadu/xspec (2003)
S. Appl, M. Camenzind: A&A 274, 699 (1993)
P.D. Barthel: ApJ 336, 606 (1989)
E. Belsole, D.M. Worrall, M.J. Hardcastle, M. Birkinshaw, C.R. Lawrence: MNRAS 352, 924 (2004)
G.V. Bicknell: ApJ 286, 68 (1984)
G.V. Bicknell: ApJ 422, 542 (1994)
M. Birkinshaw: The stability of jets. In Beams and Jets in Astrophysics, ed. by P.A. Hughes (Cambridge University Press), pp 278–341 (1991)
M. Birkinshaw, D.M. Worrall: ApJ 412, 568 (1993)
M. Birkinshaw, D.M. Worrall, M.J. Hardcastle: MNRAS 335, 142 (2002)
R.D. Blandford, D. Eichler: Phys. Rep. 154, 1 (1987)
G.R. Blumenthal, R.J. Gould: Rev. Mod. Phys. 42, 237 (1970)
H. Böhringer, W. Voges, A.C. Fabian, A.C. Edge, D.M. Neumann: MNRAS 264, L25 (1993)
H. Böhringer, E. Belsole, J. Kennea et al.: A&A 365, L181 (2001)
A. Bridle, R.A. Perley: ARAA 22, 319 (1984)
I.W.A. Browne, D.W. Murphy: MNRAS 226, 601 (1987)
G. Brunetti, M. Bondi, A. Comastri, G. Setti: A&A 381, 795 (2002)
G.R. Burbidge: ApJ 124, 416 (1956)
J.O. Burns, E.D. Feigelson, E.J. Schreier: ApJ 273, 128 (1983)
C.M. Canosa, D.M. Worrall, M.J. Hardcastle, M. Birkinshaw: MNRAS 310, 30 (1999)
A. Capetti, A. Celotti, M. Chiaberge, H.R. de Ruiter, R. Fanti, R. Morganti, P. Parma: A&A 383, 104 (2002)
C.L. Carilli, R.A. Perley, D.E. Harris: MNRAS 270, 173 (1994)
A. Cavaliere, R. Fusco-Femiano: A&A 70, 677 (1978)
T.V. Cawthorne, D.C. Gabuzda: MNRAS 278, 861 (1996)
A. Celotti, G. Ghisellini, M. Chiaberge: MNRAS 321, L1 (2001)
G. Chartas, D.M. Worrall, M. Birkinshaw et al.: ApJ 542, 655 (2000)
M. Chiaberge, R. Gilli, F.D. Macchetto, W.B. Sparks, A. Capetti: ApJ 582, 645 (2003)
M. Chiaberge, A. Capetti, A. Celotti: A&A 349, 77 (1999)
E. Churazov, M. Brüggen, C.R. Kaiser, H. Böhringer, W. Forman: ApJ 554, 261 (2001)
J.H. Croston, M.J. Hardcastle, M. Birkinshaw, D.M. Worrall: MNRAS 346, 1041 (2003)
J.H. Croston, M. Birkinshaw, M.J. Hardcastle, D.M. Worrall: MNRAS 353, 879 (2004)
C.D. Dermer: ApJ 446, L63 (1995)
C.D. Dermer, A.M. Atoyan: ApJ 568, L81 (2002)
L.O.C. Drury: Rep. Prog. Phys. 46, 973 (1983)
J.A. Eilek, P.A. Hughes: Particle acceleration and magnetic field evolution. In Beams and Jets in Astrophysics, ed. by P.A. Hughes (Cambridge University Press), pp 428–483 (1991)
D.A. Evans, R.P. Kraft, D.M. Worrall, M.J. Hardcastle, C. Jones, W.R. Forman, S.S. Murray: ApJ 612, 786 (2004)
G. Fabbiano, L. Miller, G. Trinchieri, M. Longair, M. Elvis: MNRAS 277, 115 (1984)
A.C. Fabian, A. Celotti, R.M. Johnstone: MNRAS 338, L7 (2003)
B.L. Fanaroff, J.M. Riley: MNRAS 167, 31P (1974)
L. Feretti, R. Fanti, P. Parma, S. Massaglia, E. Trussoni, W. Brinkmann: A&A 298, 699 (1995)
E.B. Fomalont, A.H. Bridle, A.G. Willis, R.A. Perley: ApJ 237, 418 (1980)
D.C. Gabuzda, T.V. Cawthorne: MNRAS 319, 1056 (2000)
S.T. Garrington, J.P. Leahy, R.G. Conway, R.A. Laing: Nature 331, 147 (1988)
M. Georganopoulos, D. Kazanas: ApJ 589, L5 (2003)
G. Ghisellini, A. Celotti: MNRAS 327, 739 (2001)
G. Ghisellini, A. Celotti, G. Fissati, L. Maraschi, A. Comastri: MNRAS 301, 451 (1998)
V.L. Ginzburg, S.I. Syrovatski: The origin of cosmic rays. Pergamon Press, Oxford (1964)
G. Giovannini, W.D. Cotton, L. Feretti, L. Lara, T. Venturi: ApJ 552, 508 (2001)
M. Gliozzi, R.M. Sambruna, W.N. Brandt: A&A 408, 949 (2003)
M.J. Hardcastle, D.M. Worrall: MNRAS 309, 969 (1999)
M.J. Hardcastle, D.M. Worrall: MNRAS 314, 359 (2000)
M.J. Hardcastle, P. Alexander, G.G. Pooley, J.M. Riley: MNRAS 304, 135 (1999)
M.J. Hardcastle, M. Birkinshaw, D.M. Worrall: MNRAS 326, 1499 (2001)
M.J. Hardcastle, M. Birkinshaw, R.A. Cameron, D.E. Harris, L.W. Looney, D.M. Worrall: ApJ 581, 948 (2002)
M.J. Hardcastle, D.M. Worrall, M. Birkinshaw, R.A. Laing, A.H. Bridle: MNRAS 334, 182 (2002)
M.J. Hardcastle, D.M. Worrall, R.P. Kraft, W.R. Forman, C. Jones, S.S. Murray: ApJ 593, 169 (2003)
M.J. Hardcastle, D.E. Harris, D.M. Worrall, M. Birkinshaw: ApJ 612, 729 (2004)
D.E. Harris, H. Krawczynski, G.B. Taylor: ApJ 578, 60 (2002)
D.E. Harris, A. Finoguenov, A.H. Bridle, M.J. Hardcastle, R.A. Laing: ApJ 580, 110 (2002)
D.E. Harris, J.A. Biretta, W. Junor, E.S. Perlman, W.B. Sparks, A.S. Wilson: ApJ 586, L41 (2003)
N.A.B. Gizani, J.P. Leahy: MNRAS 342, 399 (2003)
D.C. Homan, J.F.C. Wardle: AJ 118, 1942 (1999)
D.C. Homan, J.F.C. Wardle: ApJ 602, L13 (2004)
U. Hwang, A. Decourchelle, S.S. Holt, R. Petre: ApJ 581, 1101 (2002)
F.P. Israel: A&A Rev 8, 237 (1998)
D.L. Jones: ApJ 309, L5 (1986)
N. Junkes, R.F. Haynes, J.I. Harnett, D.L. Jauncey: A&A 269, 29 (1993)
A. Kembhavi: MNRAS 264, 683 (1993)
N.E.B. Killeen, G.V. Bicknell, R.D. Ekers: ApJ 325, 180 (1988)
M. Kino, F. Takahara: MNRAS 349, 336 (2004)
A. Komissarov: MNRAS 269, 394 (1994)
R.P. Kraft, W.R. Forman, C. Jones, S.S. Murray, M.J. Hardcastle, D.M. Worrall: ApJ 569, 54 (2002)
R.P. Kraft, S.E. Vázquez, W.R. Forman, C. Jones, S.S. Murray, M.J. Hardcastle, D.M. Worrall, E. Churazov: ApJ 592, 129 (2003)
H. Krawczynski, R. Sambruna, A. Kohnle et al.: ApJ 559, 187 (2001)
R.A. Laing: Nature 331, 149 (1988)
R.A. Laing, A.H. Bridle: MNRAS 336, 328 (2002)
R.A. Laing, A.H. Bridle: MNRAS 336, 1161 (2002)
J.P. Leahy: Atlas of radio sources. http://www.jb.man.ac.uk/atlas/ (1998)
M.S. Longair: High Energy Astrophysics. 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press (1994)
R.V.E. Lovelace, H. Li, A.V. Koldoba, G.V. Ustyugova, M.M. Romanova: ApJ 572, 445 (2002)
J.E.J. Lovell, S.J. Tingay, B.G. Piner et al.: VSOP and ATCA observations of PKS 0637–752. In Astrophysical Phenomena Revealed by Space VLBI, ed. by H. Hirabayashi, P.G. Edwards, D.W. Murphy (ISAS, Japan), pp 215–218 (2000)
K. Mannheim, P.L. Biermann: A&A 221, 211 (1989)
A.P. Marscher: ApJ 264, 296 (1983)
A.P. Marscher, F.E. Marshall, R.F. Mushotzky, W.A. Dent, T.J. Valonek, M.F. Hartman: ApJ 233, 498 (1979)
H.L. Marshall, D.E. Harris, J.P. Grimes et al.: ApJ 549, L167 (2001)
H.L. Marshall, B.P. Miller, D.S. Davis, E.S. Perlman, M. Wise, C.R. Canizares, D.E. Harris: ApJ 564, 683 (2002)
B.R. McNamara, M. Wise, P.E.J. Nulsen et al.: ApJ 534, L135 (2000)
G. Miley: ARAA 18, 165 (1980)
R. Morganti, R. Fanti, I.M. Gioia, D.E. Harris, P. Parma, H. de Ruiter: A&A 189, 11 (1988)
J.F. Navarro, C.S. Frenk, S.D.M. White: MNRAS 275, 720 (1995)
S.L. O’Dell: ApJ 243 L147 (1981)
M.J.L. Orr, I.W.A. Browne: MNRAS 200, 1067 (1982)
F.N. Owen, M.J. Ledlow: The FRI/II break and the bivariate luminosity function in Abell clusters of galaxies. In The Physics of Active Galaxies, ed. by G.V. Bicknell, M.A. Dopita, P.J. Quinn (ASP Conf. Proc 54), pp 319–323 (1994)
A.G. Pacholczyk: Radio Astrophysics. W.H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco (1970)
T.J. Pearson, J.A. Zensus: Superluminal Radio Sources: Introduction. In Superluminal Radio Sources, ed. by J.A. Zensus, T.J. Pearson (Cambridge University Press), pp 1–11 (1987)
R.A. Perley, A.H. Bridle, A.G. Willis: ApJS 54, 291 (1984)
E.S. Perlman, J.A. Biretta, F. Zhou, W.B. Sparks, F.D. Macchetto: AJ 117, 2185 (1999)
E.S. Perlman, D.E. Harris, J.A. Biretta, W.B. Sparks, F.D. Macchetto: ApJ 599, L65 (2003)
J.E. Pesce, R.M. Sambruna, F. Tavecchio, L. Maraschi, C.C. Cheung, C.M. Urry, R. Scarpa: ApJ 556, L79 (2001)
J.R. Peterson, F.B.S. Paerels, J.S. Kaastra et al.: A&A 365, L104 (2001)
E.S. Phinney: Central Radio Sources. In Astrophysics of active galaxies and quasi-stellar object, (University Science Books, Mill Valley CA), pp 453–496 (1985)
R.J. Protheroe, A.-C. Donea, A. Reimer: ApPh 19, 599 (2003)
V. Quilis, R.G. Bower, M.L. Balogh: MNRAS 328, 1091 (2001)
C.E. Rakowski, P. Ghavamian, J.P. Hughes: ApJ 590, 846 (2003)
M.J. Rees: Nature 211, 468 (1966)
M.J. Rees: Nature 229, 312 and erratum 510 (1971)
N. Renaud, G. Henri: MNRAS 300, 1047 (1998)
M. Ruszkowski, M.C. Begelman: ApJ 573, 485 (2002)
G.R. Rybicki, A.P. Lightman: Radiative processes in astrophysics. Wiley, New York (1979)
R.M. Sambruna, C.M. Urry, F. Tavecchio, L. Maraschi, R. Scarpa, G. Chartas, T. Muxlow: ApJ 549, L161 (2001)
R.M. Sambruna, L. Maraschi, F. Tavecchio, C.M. Urry, C.C. Cheung, G. Chartas, R. Scarpa, J.K. Gambill: ApJ 571, 206 (2002)
C.L. Sarazin: Rev. Mod. Phys. 58, 1 (1986)
P.A.G. Scheuer: Tests of beaming models. In Superluminal Radio Sources, ed. by J.A. Zensus, T.J. Pearson, (Cambridge University Press), pp 1–113 (1987)
P.A.G. Scheuer, A.C.S. Readhead: Nature 277, 182 (1979)
D.A. Schwartz, H.L. Marshall, J.E.J. Lovell et al.: ApJ 540, L69 (2000)
A. Siemiginowska, J. Bechtold, T.L. Aldcroft, M. Elvis, D.E. Harris, A. Dobrinska: ApJ 570, 543 (2002)
A. Siemiginowska, R.K. Smith, T.L. Aldcroft, D.A. Schwartz, F. Paerels, A.O. Petric: ApJ 598, L15 (2003)
A. Siemiginowska, C. Stanghellini, G. Brunetti et al.: ApJ 595, 643 (2003)
M. Sikora, H. Sol, M.C. Begelman, G.M. Madejski: MNRAS 280, 781 (1996)
D.A. Smith, A.S. Wilson, K.A. Arnaud, Y. Terashima, A.J. Young: ApJ 565, 195 (2002)
L. Spitzer: Physical Processes in the Interstellar Medium. Wiley, New York (1978)
T. Takahashi, J. Kataoka, G. Madejski et al.: ApJ 542, 535 (2000)
G. Tagliaferri, M. Ravasio, G. Ghisellini et al.: A&A 400, 477 (2003)
F. Tavecchio, L. Maraschi, G. Ghisellini et al.: ApJ 543, 535 (2000)
F. Tavecchio, L. Maraschi, R.M. Sambruna, C.M. Urry: ApJ 544, L23 (2000)
F. Tavecchio, G. Ghisellini, A. Celotti: A&A 403, 83 (2003)
S. Ueno, K. Koyama, M. Nishida, S. Yamauchi, M.J. Ward: ApJ 431, L1 (1994)
C.M. Urry, P. Padovani: PASP 107, 803 (1995)
C.M. Urry, A. Treves, L. Maraschi: ApJ 486, 799 (1997)
G.A. Verdoes Kleijn, S.A. Baum, P.R. de Zeeuw, C.P. O’Dea: AJ 123, 1334 (2002)
J.F.C. Wardle, S.E. Aaron: MNRAS 286, 425 (1997)
J.F.C. Wardle, D.C. Homan, R. Ojha, D.H. Roberts: Nature 395, 457 (1998)
A.G. Williams: Numerical Simulations of Radio Source Structure. In Beams and Jets in Astrophysics, ed. by P.A. Hughes (Cambridge University Press), pp 342–378 (1991)
A.S. Wilson, A.J. Young, P.L. Shopbell: ApJ 547, 740 (2001)
A.S. Wilson, A.J. Young, P.L. Shopbell: Chandra X-ray Observations of Cygnus A. and Pictor A. In: Particles and Ffields in Radio Galaxies, ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. 250, ed. by R.A. Laing, K.M. Blundell (ASP, San Francisco), pp 213–223 (2001)
A.W. Wolfendale: Introductory cosmic rays. In: Origin of Cosmic Rays, NATO Advanced Study Institute Series, ed. by J.L. Osborne, A.W. Wolfendale (Reidel, Dordrecht), pp 1–12 (1975)
D.M. Worrall, M. Birkinshaw: ApJ 427, 134 (1994)
D.M. Worrall, M. Birkinshaw: ApJ 530, 719 (2000)
D.M. Worrall, P. Giommi, H. Tananbaum, G. Zamorani: ApJ 313, 596 (1987)
D.M. Worrall, C.R. Lawrence, T.J. Pearson, A.C.S. Readhead: ApJ 420, L17 (1994)
D.M. Worrall, M. Birkinshaw, R.A. Cameron: ApJ 449, 93 (1995)
D.M. Worrall, M. Birkinshaw, M.J. Hardcastle: MNRAS 326, L7 (2001)
D.M. Worrall, M. Birkinshaw, M.J. Hardcastle, C.R. Lawrence: MNRAS 326, 1127 (2001)
D.M. Worrall, M. Birkinshaw, M.J. Hardcastle: MNRAS 343, L73 (2003)
D.M. Worrall, M.J. Hardcastle, T.J. Pearson, A.C.S. Readhead: MNRAS 347, 632 (2004)
G. Zamorani: X-ray properties of extragalactic compact objects. In: VLBI and compact radio sources, IAU Symp. 110 ed. by R. Fanti, K. Kellermann, G. Setti (Reidel, Dordrecht), pp 85–94 (1984)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Worrall, D., Birkinshaw, M. (2006). Multiwavelength Evidence of the Physical Processes in Radio Jets. In: Alloin, D., Johnson, R., Lira, P. (eds) Physics of Active Galactic Nuclei at all Scales. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 693. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg . https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-34621-X_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-34621-X_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-31207-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-34621-0
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)