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Stem Cells in Reproduction and in the Brain pp 143–174Cite as

Germline Recruitment in Mice: A Genetic Program for Epigenetic Reprogramming

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Part of the book series: Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop ((SCHERING FOUND,volume 60))

Abstract

Germ cells provide an enduring link between generations and therefore must possess the fundamental ability of reprogramming their genome to generate a totipotent state. We wish to understand the molecular basis of the unique properties of the mammalian germ line. Recently we identified Blimp1, a potent transcriptional repressor of a histone methyltransferase subfamily, as a critical determinant of the germ cell lineage in mice. Surprisingly, Blimp1 expression marks the origin of the germ line in proximal epiblast cells in pregastrulation embryos, substantially earlier than previously thought. Furthermore, we showed that established primordial germ cells undergo extensive erasure of genome-wide histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) and DNA methylation, two major repressive epigenetic modifications, and instead acquire high levels of H3-K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) in their migration period. We suggest that germline specification is a genetic system for the orderly reprogramming of the cells’ epigenome toward a totipotent state, with reacquisition of totipotency-associated transcription factors and continued Blimp1 expression preventing their reversion to an explicit pluripotent state or somatic differentiation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Riken Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan

    Y. Ohinata, Y. Seki & M. Saitou

  2. Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research, UK Gurdon Institute of Cancer and Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK

    B. Payer & M. A. Surani

  3. Laboratory for Lymphocyte Signaling, the Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    D. O’Carroll

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  1. Y. Ohinata
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  2. Y. Seki
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  3. B. Payer
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  4. D. O’Carroll
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  5. M. A. Surani
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  6. M. Saitou
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Nihon Schering K.K. Research Center, BMA 3F, 1-5-5 Minatojima-minai-machi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan

    J. Morser

  2. Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima minami-machi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan

    S. -I. Nishikawa

  3. Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Mendelstr. 7, 48149, Münster, Germany

    H. R. Schöler

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Ohinata, Y., Seki, Y., Payer, B., O’Carroll, D., Surani, M.A., Saitou, M. (2006). Germline Recruitment in Mice: A Genetic Program for Epigenetic Reprogramming. In: Morser, J., Nishikawa, S.I., Schöler, H.R. (eds) Stem Cells in Reproduction and in the Brain. Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop, vol 60. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg . https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31437-7_11

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