Skip to main content

Evozierte Potenziale in der Intensivmedizin

  • Chapter
Evozierte Potenziale
  • 1895 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Abrahamian HA, Allison T, Goff WR, Rosner BS (1963) Effects of thiopental on human cerebral evoked responses. Anaesthesiology 24:650–657

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adams JH, Graham DJ, Murray LS, Scott G (1982) Diffuse axonal injury due to nonmissile head injury in humans: An analysis of 45 cases. Ann Neurol 12:557–563

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adler G, Schwerdtfeger K, Kivelitz R, Nacimento AC, Loew F (1983) The use of somatosensory and brain-stem evoked potentials for prognostic and localization purposes in the assessment of head injury. Acta Neurochir 68:155–156

    ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed B (1991) Brain stem auditory evoked potentials as non-invasive measures of regional temperature and functional state during hyperthermia. Int J Hyperthermia 7:93–102

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Albe-Fessard D, Besson JM, Abdelmoumene M (1970) Action of anesthetics on somatic evoked activities. Int Anesthesiol Clin 8:129–164

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allison T, Goff WR, Abrahamian HA, Rosner BS (1963) The effects of barbiturate anaesthesia upon human somatosensory evoked responses. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol [Suppl] 24:68–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson DC, Bundlie S, Rockswold GL (1984) Multimodality evoked potentials in closed head trauma. Arch Neurol 41:369–382

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anziska BJ, Cracco RQ (1980) Short latency somatosensory evoked potentials in brain dead patients. Arch Neurol 37:222–225

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arezzo JC, Schroeder CE, Litwak MS, Steward DL (1989) Effects of vigabatrin on evoked potentials in dogs. Br J Clin Pharmacol 27:53–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Arfel G (1967) Stimulations visuelles et silence cérébral. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 23:172–175

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Axelsson A (1968) The vascular anatomy of the cochlea in the guinea pig and in man. Acta Otolaryngol [Suppl] 243:1–134

    Google Scholar 

  • Bassetti C, Scollo-Lavizzari G (1987) Der Wert des EEG zur Prognose bei postanoxischen Komata nach kardiozirkulatorischem Stillstand. Z EEG EMG 18:97–100

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bassetti C, Bomio F, Mathis J, Hess CW (1996) Early prognosis in coma after cardiac arrest: A prospective clinical, electrophysiological, and biochemical study of 60 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 61(6):610–615

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bates D, Caronna JJ, Cartlidge NEF, Knill-Jones RP, Shaw DA, Plim F (1977) A prospective study of nontraumatic coma: Methods and results in 310 patients. Ann Neurol 2:211–220

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell JA, Hodgson HJF (1974) Coma after cardiac arrest. Brain 97:361–372

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Beltinger A, Riffel B, Stöhr M (1992) Prognostischer Stellenwert des EEG im Vergleich zu evozierten Potentialen bei schwerer hypoxischer Hirnschädigung. Z EEG EMG 23: 75–81

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berek K, Lechleitner P, Luef G et al. (1995) Early determination of neurological outcome after prehospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Stroke 26:543–549

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Blazcyk B, Zawirski M, Jarratt JA, Jakubowski J (1983) Measurement of central conduction time in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage — Is it worth doing? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 46:371

    Google Scholar 

  • Bobbin RP, May JG, Lemoine RL (1979) Effects of pentobarbital and ketamine on brainstem auditory potentials. Arch Otolaryngol 105:467–470

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Born JD (1988) The Glasgow-Lège Scale: Prognostic value and evolution of motor response and brain stem reflexes after severe head injury. Acta Neurochir 91:1–11

    Article  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Branston NM, Symon L, Crockard HA, Pasztor E (1974) Relationship between the cortical evoked potential and local cortical blood flow following acute middle cerebral artery occlusion in the baboon. Exp Neurol 45:195–208

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brazier MAB (1970) Effect of anesthesia on visually evoked responses. Int Anesthesiol Clin 8:103–128

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brunko E, Delecluse F, Herbaut AG, Levivier M, Zegers de Beyl D (1985) Unusual pattern of somatosensory and brainstem auditory evoked potentials after cardio-respiratory arrest. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 62:338–342

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brunko E, Zegers de Beyl (1987) Prognostic value of early cortical somatosensory evoked potentials after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 66:15–24

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buchner H, Ferbert A, Brückmann H, Zeumer H, Hacke W (1986) Zur Validität der frühen akustisch evozierten Potentiale in der Diagnose des Hirntods. Z EEG EMG 17:117–122

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cant BR, Hume AL, Judson JA (1984) The assessment of head injuries by somatosensory and brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 58:41

    Google Scholar 

  • Cant BR, Hume AL, Judson JA, Shaw NA (1986) The assessment of severe head injury by short-latency somatosensory and brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 65:188–195

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carenini L, Bottacchini E, Camerlingo M, D’Alessandro G, Mamoli A (1988) Carbamazepin does not affect short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials: a longitudinal study in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsia 129:145–148

    Google Scholar 

  • Carter BG, Taylor A, Butt W (1999) Severe brain injury in children: Long-term outcome and its prediction using somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs). Intensive Care Med 25:722–728

    Article  PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Chassard D, Joubaud A, Colson A, Guiraud M, Dubreuil C, Banssillon V (1989) Auditory evoked potentials during propofol anaesthesia in man. Br J Anaesth 62:522–526

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen R, Bolton CF, Young B (1996) Prediction of outcome in patients with anoxic coma: a clinical and electrophysiologic study. Crit Care Med 24(4):672–678

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chi OZ, McCoy CL, Field C (1987) Effects of fentanyl anesthesia on visual evoked potentials in humans. Anesthesiology 67:827–830

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Chiappa KH, Ropper AH (1982) Evoked potentials in clinical medicine. N Engl J Med 306:1205–1211

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chiappa KH, Ropper AH (1984) Long-term electrophysiologic monitoring of patients in the neurology intensive care unit. Sem Neurol 4:469–479

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chu NS, Squires KC, Starr A (1978) Auditory brainstem potentials in chronic alcohol intoxication and alcohol withdrawal. Arch Neurol 35:596–602

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chu NS, Squires KC, Starr A (1982) Auditory brainstem responses in chronic alcoholic patients. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 54:418–425

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chu NS, Yang SS, Liaw YF (1997) Evoked potentials in liver diseases. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 12:S 288–293

    Google Scholar 

  • Church MW, Williams HL (1982) Dose-and time-dependent effects of ethanol on brainstem auditory evoked responses in young adult males. Eletroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 54:161–174

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Claassen J, Hansen H-C (2001) Early recovery after closed traumatic head injury: Somatosensory evoked potentials and clinical findings. Crit Care Med 29:404–502

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark DL, Rosner BS (1973) Neurophysiologic effects of general anesthetics. I. The electroencephalogram and sensory evoked responses in man. Anesthestiology 38:564–582

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen MS, Britt RH (1982) Effects of sodium pentobarbital, ketamine, halothane, and chloralose on brainstem evoked responses. Anesth Analg 61:338–343

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coyer PE, Michele JJ, Lesnick JE, Simeone FA (1987) Cerebral blood flows and tissue oxygen levels associated with maintenance of the somatosensory evoked potentials and cortical neuronal activity in focal ischemia. Stroke 18:77–84

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Crompton MR (1971) Brainstem lesions due to closed head injury. Lancet I:669–673

    Google Scholar 

  • Cusumano S, Alexandre A, Cisotto P, Marchiori JC (1986) Frühzeitige somatosensorisch evozierte Potentiale und Hirnstammpotentiale im posttraumatischen Koma — ihre prognostische Bedeutung. Z EEG EMG 17:226–228

    Google Scholar 

  • Cusumano S, Paolin A, Di Paola F, Boccaletto F, Simini G, Palermo F, Carteri A (1992) Assessing brain function in post-traumatic coma by means of bit-mapped SEPs, BAEPs, CT, SPET and clinical scores. Prognostic implications. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 84:499–514

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies MG, Rowman MJ, Feely J (1991) EEG and event related potentials in hepatic encephalopathy (1991) Metab Brain Dis 6:175–186

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De la Torre JC (1980) Somatosensory evoked potentials in coma and brain death. In: Symposium International Applications Cliniques des Potentials Évoqués en Neurologie. Resumes 1-2

    Google Scholar 

  • De la Torre JC, Trimble JL, Beard RT, Hanlon K, Surgeon JW (1978) Somatosensory evoked potentials for the prognosis of coma in humans. Exp Neurol 60:304–317

    Google Scholar 

  • DeVries LS, Pierrat V, Eken P (1994) The use of evoked potentials in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Perinat Med 22(6):547–555

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deutsch E, Sohmer H, Weidenfeld J, Zelig S, Chowers J (1983) Auditory nerve-brainstem evoked potentials and EEG during severe hypoglycemia. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 55:714–716

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Diehl C (1990) Akustische und somatosensibel evozierte Potentiale bei Patienten mit hypoxischem Koma. Dissertation, Tübingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Domino EF (1967) Effects of preanaesthetics and anaesthetic drugs on visually evoked responses. Anesthesiology 28:184–197

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Domino EF, Corssen G, Sweet RB (1963) Effects of various anaesthetics on the visually evoked responses in man. Anesth Analg Curr Res 42:735–747

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Döring WH, Daub D (1980) Acoustically evoked responses under sedation with diazepam. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 227:522–525

    Google Scholar 

  • Drummond JC, Todd MyM, Sang UH (1985) The effect of high dose sodium thiopental on brainstem auditory and median nerve somatosensory evoked responses in humans. Anesthesiology 63:249–254

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Durrant JD, Gerich JE, Mitrakou A, Jenssen T, Hyre RJ (1991) Changes in BAEP under hypoglycemia: temperature related? Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 80:547–550

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Earnest MP, Breckinridge JC, Yarnell PR, liva BP (1979) Quality of survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Predictive value of early neurologic evaluation. Neurology (Minn) 29:56–60

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Engelbrecht R (1990) Somatosensorisch evozierte Potentiale (SEP) nach Medianusstimulation und frühe akustisch evozierte Potentiale (FAEP) bei Patienten mit spontanen intrakraniellen Blutungen. Dissertation, Tübingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Escudero JV, Sanch S, Bautita D, Escudero M, ópez-Trigo J (1998) Prognostic value of motor evoked potential obtained by transcranial magnetic stimulation in motor function recovery in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 29:1854–1859

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Facco E, Martini A, Zuccarello M, Chiaranda M, Trincia G, Ori C, Giron GP (1983) Auditory brainstem responses in post-traumatic comatose patients: Assessment of brainstem damage and prognostic implications. Intensive Care Med 9:200

    ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Facco E, Munari M, Casartelli ML, Caputo P, Martini A, Toffolet F, Giron GP (1988) Serial recordings of auditory brainstem responses in severe head injury: relationship between test timing and prognostic power. Intensive Care Med 14: 422–428

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Facco E, Behr AU, Munari M et al. (1998) Auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials in coma following spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage: Early prognosis and outcome. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 107(5):332–338

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fauvage B, Combes P (1993) Isoelectric electroencephalogram and loss of evoked potentials in a patient who survived cardiac arrest. Crit Care Med 21:472–475

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferbert A, Buchner H, Hacke W, Bruckmann H, Drummen R, Zeumer H (1988a) Evozierte Potentiale bei Basilaristhrombose. In: Poeck K, Hacke W, Schneider R (Hrsg) Verhandlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologie, Bd 4. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 528–530

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferbert A, Buchner H, Ringelstein EB, Hacke W (1985a) Der Hirnstammtod bei Basilaristhrombose — eine besondere Variante des Hirntodes? In:Gänshirt H, Berlit B, Haack G (Hrsg) Verhandlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologie, Bd 3. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 587–589

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferbert A, Buchner H, Ringelstein EB, Hacke W (1986b) Isolated brainstem death. Case report with demonstration of preserved visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 65:157–160

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferbert A, Riffel B, Buchner H, Ullrich A, Stöhr M (1985b) Evozierte Potentiale in der neurologischen Intensivmedizin. Eine Standortbestimmung. Aktuel Neurol 12:193-198

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferbert A, Buchner H, Bruckmann H (1990) Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in pontine haemorrhage. Correlations with clinical and CT findings. Brain 113:49–63

    PubMed  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher B, Peterson B, Hicks G (1992) Use of brainstem auditory-evoked response testing to assess neurologic outcome following near drowning in children. Crit Care Med 20: 578–585

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer C, Morlet D, Bouchet P, Luaute J, Jourdan C, Salord F (1999) Mismatch negativity and late auditory evoked potentials in comatose patients. Clin Neurophysiol 110: 1601–1610

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fox JE, Williams B (1984) Central conduction time following surgery of cerebral aneurysms. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 47:875

    Google Scholar 

  • Ganes T, Lundar T (1983) The effect of thiopentone on somatosensory evoked responses and EEGs in comatose patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 46:509–514

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ganes T, Nakstad P (1984) Subcomponents of the cervical evoked response in patients with intracerebral circulatory arrest. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 47:292–297

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ganes T, Lundar T (1988) EEG and evoked potentials in comatose patients with severe brain damage. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 69:6–13

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ganji S, Peters G (1981) Somatosensory evoked potentials and EEG in comatose patients. Electroen-cephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 51:67–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Larrea L, Artu F, Bertrand O, Pernier J, Maugièere F (1988) Transient drug-induced abolition of BAEPs in coma. Neurology 38:1487–1489

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gendo A, Kramer L, Hafner M et al. (2001) Time-dependency of sensory evoked potentials in comatose cardiac arrest survivors. Intensive Care Med 27:1305–1311

    Article  PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Gerstenbrand F, Lücking CH (1970) Die akuten traumatischen Hirnstammschäden. Arch Psychiat Nervenkr 213:264–281

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilroy J, Lynn GE, Ristow GE, Pellerin RJ (1977) Auditory evoked brainstem potenials in a case of »locked-in« syndrome. Arch Neurol 34:492–495

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldie WD, Chiappa KH, Young RR, Brooks EB (1981) Brainstem auditory and short-latency somatosensory evoked responses in brain death. Neurology 31:248–256

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin SR, Friedman WA, Bellefleur M (1991) Is it time to use evoked potentials to predict outcome in comatose children and adults? Crit Care Med 19:518–524

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Green JB, Walcoff MR, Lucke JF (1982) Comparison of phenytoin and phenobarbital effects on far-field auditory and somatosensory evoked potential interpeak latencies. Epilepsia 23:417–421

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg RP, Becker DP, Miller JD, Mayer DJ (1977a) Evaluation of brain function in severe human head trauma with multimodality evoked potentials. II: Localisation of brain dysfunction and correlation with post-traumatic neurological conditions. J Neurosurg 47:163–177

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg RP, Mayer DJ, Becker DP, Miller JD (1977b) Evaluation of brain function in severe human head trauma with multimodality evoked potentials. I: Evoked brain-injury potentials, methods, and analysis. J Neurosurg 47:150–162

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg RP, Miller JD, Becker DP (1980)Early prognosis after severe human head injury utilizing multimodality evoked potentials. Acta Neurochir 28:50–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg RP, Newlon PG, Becker DP (1982) The somatosensory evoked potential in patients with severe head injury: Outcome prediction and monitoring of brain function. Ann NY Acad Sci 388:683–688

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gregory PC, McGeorge AP, Fitch W, Graham DI, Mackenzie ET, Harper AM (1980) Effects of hemorrhagic hypotension on the cerebral circulation. II. Electrocortical function. Stroke 10:719–723

    ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Grimm G, Madl C, Oder W, Druml W, Schneeweiss B, Laggner AN, Gössinger HD, Geissler K, Lenz K (1991) Evoked potentials in severe herpes simplex encephalitis. Intensive Care Med 17:94–97

    Article  PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Grundy BL, Brown RH, Berilla JA (1980) Fentanyl alters somatosensory cortical evoked potentials. Anesth Analg 59: 544–545

    Google Scholar 

  • Grundy BL, Brown RH, Greenberg PS (1979) Diazepam alters cortical evoked potentials. Anesthesiology 51:38

    Google Scholar 

  • Guérit JM, Soveges L, Baele P, Dion R (1990) Median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials in pro found hypothermia for ascending aorta repair. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 77:163–173

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guérit JM (2000) The usefulness of EEG, exogenous evoked potentials, and cognitive evoked potentials in the acute stage of post-anoxic and post-traumatic coma. Acta Neurol Belg 100(4):229–236

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guérit JM, de Tourtchaninoff M, Soveges L, Mathieu P (1993) The prognostic value of three-modality evoked potentials (TMEPs) in anoxic and traumatic comas. Neurophysiol Clin 23:209–226

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guérit JM, Verougstraete D, de Tourtchaninoff M, Debatisse D, Witdoeckt C (1999) ERPs obtained with the auditory oddball paradigm in coma and altered states of consciousness: Clinical relationships, prognostic value, and origin of components. Clin Neurophysiol 110: 1260–1269

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gütling E, Gonser A, Regard M, Glinz W, Landis T (1993) Dissociation of frontal and parietal components of somatosensory evoked potentials in severe head injury. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 88:369–376

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gütling E, Gonser A, Imhof H-G, Landis T (1994) Prognostic value of frontal and parietal somatosensory evoked potentials in severe head injury: A long-term follow-up study. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 92:568–570

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gummerlock MK, York D, Durkis D (1994) Visual evoked responses as a monitor of intracranial pressure during hyperosmolar brain barrier disruption. Acta Neurochir (Suppl Wien) 60:132–135

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall JWIII, Huang-Fu M, Gennarelli TA (1982) Auditory function in acute severe head injury. Laryngoscope 92:883–890

    PubMed  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Hall JW, Mackey-Hargadine JR, Kim EE (1985) Auditory brainstem response in determination of brain death. Arch Otolaryngol 3:613–620

    Google Scholar 

  • Hantson P, de Tourtchaninoff M, Simoens G et al. (1999) Evoked potentials investigation of visual dysfunction after methanol poisoning. Crit Care Med 27:2707–2715

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris AB, Erickson L, Kendig JH, Mingrino S, Goldring S (1962) Observations on selective brain heating in dogs. J Neurosurg 19:514–521

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harslem R (1987) Bedeutung der Wellen VI und VII der akustisch evozierten Hirnstammpotentiale (AEHP) bei Patienten nach Schädel-Hirn-Trauma. Dissertation, Tübingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Harslem R, Riffel B, Trost E, Stöhr M (1985) Bedeutung der Wellen VI und VII der akustisch evozierten Hirnstammpotentiale (AEHP) beim Schädel-Hirn-Trauma. Vortrag, Deutsche EEG-Gesellschaft, München

    Google Scholar 

  • Haupt WF, Szelies-Stock B (1988) Evozierte Potentiale und EEG beim posthypoxischen Koma: Prognosestellung in der Frühphase. Aktuel Neurol 15:2

    Google Scholar 

  • Healy GB (1982) Hearing loss and vertigo secondary to head injury. N Engl J Med 306(17):1029–1031

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hecox KE, Cone B, Blaw ME (1981) Brainstem auditory evoked response in the diagnosis of pediatric neurologic diseases. Neurology 31:832–840

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Hetzler BF, Heilbronner RL, Griffin J, Griffin G (1981) Acute effects of alcohol on evoked potentials in visual cortex and superior colliculus of the rat. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 51:69–79

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirose G, Kitagawa Y, Chujo T (1986) Acute effects of phenytoin on brainstem auditory evoked potentials: Clinical and experimental study. Neurology 362:1521–1524

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Hosick EC, Mendel MJ (1975) Effects of secobarbital on the late components of the auditory evoked potentials. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol 96:185–191

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hossmann KA, Kleihues P (1973) Reversibility of ischemic brain damage. Arch Neurol 29:375–384

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Houlden DA, Li C, Schwartz ML, Katic M (1990) Median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials and the Glasgow coma scale as predictors of outcome in comatose patients with head injuries. Neurosurgery 27:701–708

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Hume AL, Cant BR (1981) Central somatosensory conduction after head injury. Ann Neurol 10:411–419

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hume AL, Cant R, Shaw NA (1979) Central somatosensory conduction time in comatose patients. Ann Neurol 5: 379–384

    Google Scholar 

  • Hume AL, Durkin MA (1986) Central and spinal somatosensory conduction times during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and some observations on the effects of fentanyl and isoflurane anesthesia. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 65:46–58

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hunt WE, Hess RM (1968) Surgical risk as related to time of intervention in the repair of intracranial aneurysms. J Neurosurg 28:14–20

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hutchinson DO, Frith RW, Shaw NA, Judson JA, Cant BR (1991) A comparison between electrocencephalography and somatosensory evoked potentials for outcome prediction following severe head injury. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurohysiol 78:228–233

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jain S, Maheshwari MC (1984) Brainstem auditory evoked responses in coma due to meningoencephalitis. Acta Neurol Scand 69:163–167

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janssen R, Hetzler BE, Creason JP, Dyer RS (1991) Differential impact of hypothermia and pentobarbital on brain-stem auditory evoked responses. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 80:412–421

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaspert A, Kotterba S, Tegenthoff M, Malin P (1992) Untersuchung von Hirnnervenfunktionen mittels transkranieller Magnetstimulation bei Schädel-Hirn-Verletzten. Z EEG-EMG 21:190

    Google Scholar 

  • Jennett B, Bond M (1975) Assessment of outcome after severe brain damage. A practical scale. Lancet I: 480–484

    Google Scholar 

  • Jennett B, Snoek J, Bond MR (1981) Disability after severe head injury. Observations on the use of the Glasgow Outcome Scale. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 44:285–293

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jennett B, Teasdale G, Braakman R, Minderhoud J, Knill-Jones R (1976) Predicting outcome in individual patients after severe head injury. Lancet I:1031–1034

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones TA, Stockard JJ (1980) Temperature dependence of acute ethanol effects on brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) latencies. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 50:162

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones TA, Stockard JJ, Weidner WJ (1980) The effects of temperature and acute alcohol intoxication brainstem auditory evoked potentials in the cat. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 49:23–30

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Judson JA, Cant BR, Shaw NA (1990) Early prediction of outcome from cerebral trauma by somatosensory evoked potentials. Crit Care Med 18:363–368

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaga K, Nagai T, Takamori A (1985) Auditory short, middle and long latency responses in acutely comatose patients. Laryngoscope (St Louis) 95:321–325

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Kaga K, Takiguchia T, Myokai K, Shiode A (1979) Effects of deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest on the auditory brainstem responses. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 225:199–205

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalita J, Misra UK (1999) Brainstem auditory evoked potential in Japanese encephalitis. J Neurol Sci 165(1):24–27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kane NM, Curry SH, Rowlands CA et al. (1996) Event-related potentials — neurophysiological tools for predicting emergence and early outcome from traumatic coma. Intensive Care Med 22:39–46

    Article  PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan BJ (1977) Phenobarbital and phenytoin effects on somatosensory evoked potentials and spontaneous EEG in normal cat brain. Epilepsia 18:397–403

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Kapoor RK, Makharia A, Shuklaa R, Misra PK, Sharma B (1997) Brainstem auditory evoked response in tuberculous meningitis. Indian J Pediatr 64(3):399–407

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Karnaze DS, Lawrence FM, Marshall MD, McCarthy R, Klauber MR, Bickforda RG (1982) Localizing and prognostic value of auditory evoked responses in coma after closed head injury. Neurology (Minneap) 32:299–302

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Karnaze DS, Weinera JM, Marshall LF (1985) Auditory evoked potentials in coma after closed head injury: A clinical-neurophysiologic coma scale for predicting outcome. Neurology 35: 1122–1126

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Kataoka K, Graf R, Rosner G, Heiss WD (1978) Experimental focal ischemia in cats: Changes in multimodality evoked potentials as related to local cerebral blood flow and ischemic brain edema. Stroke 18:188–194

    Google Scholar 

  • Kileny P, Dobson D, Gelfand ET (1983) Middle-latency auditory evoked responses during open-heart surgery with hypothermia. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 55:268–276

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kjaer M (1980) Localizing brainstem lesions with brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Acta Neurol Scand 61:265–274

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klug N (1982) Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in syndromes of decerebration, the bulbar syndrome and in central death. J Neurol 227:219–228

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kochar DK, Kumawat BL, Halwai M, Kochar SK, Shubhakaran, Thanvi I (2000) Brainstem auditory evoked potentials and somatosensory evoked potentials incerebral malaria — a prognostic significance. J Assoc Physicians India 48(3): 295–300

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kochs E, Wüst P, Blanc I, Schulte am Esch J (1989) Akustisch und somatosensorisch evozierte kortikale Potentiale unter Sedierung mit Midazolam und Antagonisierung durch Flumazenil. Anästh Intensivther Notfallmed 24:49–56

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koht A, Schütz W, Schmidt G; Schramm J, Watanabe E (1988) Effects of etomidate, midazolam, and thiopental on median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials and the additive effects of fentanyl and nitrous oxide. Anaesth Analg 67:435–441

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kotchoubey B, Lang S, Bostanov V, Birbaumer N (2002) Is there a mind? Electrophysiology of unconscious patients. News Physiol Sci 17:38–42

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krieger D, Adams H-P, Riecke K, Schwarz S, Forsting M, Hacke W (1993) Prospective evaluation of the prognostic significance of evoked potentials in acute basilar occlusion. Crit Care Med 21:1169–1174

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kriterien des Hirntodes (1997) Richtlinien zur Feststellung des Hirntodes, 3. Fortschreibung mit Ergänzungen gemäβ Transplantationsgesetz (TPG). Stellungnahme des Wissenschaftlichen Beirates der Bundesärztekammer http:// www.bundesaerztekammer.de/30/Richtlinien/Richtidx/ Hirntod/index.html

    Google Scholar 

  • Kroiß H, Trost E, Riffel B, Stöhr M, Wengert P (1993) Klinisch neurologische und neurophysiologische Befunde unter Thiopental-Infusionstherapie. Z EEG EMG 24:155–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Kroiß H, Stöhr M (1996) SEP in der Intensivmedizin: Prognostische Kriterien. Z EEG-EMG 27:25–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhlbusch R, Enck P, Haussinger D (1998) Hepatische Enzephalopathie: Neuropsychologische und neurophysiologische Diagnostik. Z Gastroenterol 36:1075–1083

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larson SJ, Sances A, Ackmann JJ, Reigel DH (1973) Noninvasive evaluation of head trauma patients. Surgery 1:34–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Lechner C, Behse F, Meisenzahl E, Brunkhorst F (1997) Erholungszeit des Medianus-SEP bei hypoxischem Hirnschaden. Z EEG-EMG 28:136–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Liegeois-Chauvel C, Marquis P, Gisselbrecht D, Pantieri R, Beaumont D, Chauvel P (1989) Effects of long-term vigabatrin on somatosensory-evoked potentials in epileptic patients. Epilepsia (Suppl 3)30:23–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindsay K, Pasaoglu A, Hirst D, Allardyce G, Kennedy I, Teasdale G (1990) Somatosensory and auditory brain stem conduction after head injury: a comparison with clinical features in prediction of outcome. Neurosurgery 26:278–285

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Lindsay KW, Carlin J, Kennedy J, Fry J, McInnas A, Teasdale GM (1981) Evoked potentials in severe head injury — analysis and relation to outcome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 44:796–802

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Link J, Wagner W, Rohling R (1988) Akustisch evozierte Potentiale in der Entwicklung des Hirntodes. Klin Wochenschr (Suppl XIV)66:62–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Luft UC (1965) In: Fenn WO, Rahn H (eds) Handbook of Physiology — Respiration, Vol 2. Amer Phys Society, Washington DC, pp 1099–1145

    Google Scholar 

  • Lumenta CB (1987) Die Bedeutung der akustisch evozierten Potentiale in der Neurochirurgie. Zuckschwerdt, S 60–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Lumenta CB (1984) Measurement of brainstem auditory evoked potentials in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 60:548–552

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lundar T, Ganes T, Lindegaard K (1983) Induced barbiturate coma: Methods for evaluation of patients. Crit Care Med 11(7):559–562

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lütschg J, Pfenninger J, Ludin HP, Vassella F (1983) Brainstem auditory evoked potentials and early somatosensory evoked potentials in neurointensively treated comatose children. Am J Dis Child 137:421–426

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Madl C, Grimm G, Kramer L, Yeganehfar W, Sterz F, Schneider B, Kranz A, Schneeweiss B, Lenz K (1993) Early prediction of individual outcome after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Lancet 341:855–858

    Article  PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Madl C, Grimm G, Ferenci P et al. (1994) Serial recording of sensory evoked potentials: A noninvasive prognostic indicator in fulminant liver failure. Hepatology 20:1487–1494

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Madl C, Kramer L, Domanovits H et al. (2000) Improved outcome prediction in unconscious cardiac arrest survivors with sensory evoked potentials compared with clinical assessment. Crit Care Med 28:721–726

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Madl C, Kramer L, Yeganehfar W et al. (1996) Detection of nontraumatic comatse patients with no benefit of intensive care treatment by recording of sensory evoked potentials. Arch Neurol 53:512–516

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Majnemer A, Rosenblatt B (1996) Evoked potentials as predictors of outcome in neonatal intensive care unit survivors: Review of the literature. Pediatr Neurol 14:189–195

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Markand ON, Byung IL, Warren C, Stoelting RK, King RD, Brown JW, Mahorned Y (1987) Effects of hypothermia on brainstem auditory evoked potentials in humans. Ann Neurol 22:507–513

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Markand ON, Warren C, Mallik GS, King RD, Brown JW, Mahomed Y (1990a) Effects of hypothermia on short latency somatosensory evoked potentials in humans. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 77:416–424

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Markand ON, Warren C, Mallik GS, Williams CJ (1990b) Temperature-dependant hysteresis in somatosensory and auditory evoked potentials. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 77:425–435

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Markand ON, Warren CH, Moorthy SS, Stoelting RK, King RD (1984) Monitoring of multimodality evoked potentials during open heart surgery under hypothermia. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 59:432–440

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh RR, Frewen TC, Sutton LN, Potsic WP (1984a) Resistance of the auditory brainstem response to high barbiturate levels. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 92:685–688

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh RR, Yamane H, Potsic WP (1984b) Auditory brainstem response and temperature: Relationship in the Guinea pig. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 57:289–293

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mazzini L, Pisano F, Zaccala M, Miscino G, Gareri F, Galante M (1999) Somatosensory and motor evoke potentials at different stages of recovery from severe traumatic brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 80:33–39

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mazzini L, Zaccala M, Gareri F, Giodano A, Angelino E (2001) Long-latency auditory-evoked potentials in severe traumatic brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 82:57–65

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McPherson RW, Sell B, Traystman RJ (1986a) Effects of thiopental, fentanyl, and etomidate on upper extremity somatosensory evoked potentials in humans. Anesthesiology 65: 584–589

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • McPherson RW, Zeger S, Traystman RJ (1986b) Relationship of somatosensory evoked potentials and cerebral oxygen consumption during hypoxic hypoxia in dogs. Stroke 17, 1:530–536

    Google Scholar 

  • Mervaala E, Keränen T, Tiichonen P, Riekkinen P (1987) The effects of carbamazepine and sodiume valproate on SEPs and BAEPs. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 68: 475–478

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Minderhoud JM, Woerkom TCAM van, Weerden TW van (1976) On the nature of brainstem disorders in severe head injured patients. Acta Neurochir 34:23–35

    Article  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Misra UK, Kalita J, Srivastava M (1998) Prognosis of Japanese encephalitis: A multivariate analysis. J Neurol Sci 161:143–147

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Misra UK, Kalita J, Roy AK, Mandal SK, Srivastava M (2000) Role of clinical, radiological, and neurophysiological changes in predicting the outcome of tuberculous meningitis: a multivariable analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 68(3):300–303

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell DE, Adams JH (1973) Primary focal impact damage to the brainstem in blunt head injuries. Does it exist? Lancet II:215–218

    Google Scholar 

  • Mjoen S, Nordby HK, Torvik A (1983) Auditory evoked brainstem responses (ABR) in coma due to severe head trauma. Acta Otolaryngol 95:131–138

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Motzek-Noé T, Caro J, Emmert H (2003) Klinik, AEP, SEP und Verlauf einer Patientin mit einer schweren Carbamazepin-Intoxikation. Wisssenschaftliches Poster auf der 20. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologische Intensiv-und Notfallmedizin, 23.-25. Januar 2003, Augsburg

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullie A, Buylaert W, Michem N, Verbruggen H, Corne L, Cock R de, Mennes J, Quets A, Verstringe P, Houbrechts H, Delooz H, Broeck L van den, Lauwaert D, Weeghams M, Bossaert L, Lewi P (1988) Predictive value of Glasgow come score after cardiac arrest. Lancet I/8578:137–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Mustafa KY, Aneja JS, Khogali M, Nasreldin A, Arar J (1988) Effect of hyperthermia on brain auditory evoked potentials in the conscious sheep. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 71:133–141

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narayan RK, Greenberg RP, Miller JD, Enas GG, Choi SC, Kishon PRS, Lelhort JB, Lutz HA, Becker DP (1981) Improved confidence of outcome prediction in severe head injury. J Neurosurg 54:751–762

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neunzig HP, Kunze K (1987) Klinik und Prognose nach schwerem Schädel-Hirn-Trauma. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 55: 223–230

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newlon PG, Greenberg RP (1984) Evoked potentials in severe head injury. J Trauma 24(1):61–66

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newlon PG, Greenberg RP, Enas GG, Becker DP (1983) Effects of therapeutic phenobarbital coma on multimodality evoked potentials recorded from severely head-injured patients. Neurosurgery 12:613–619

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Newlon PG, Greenberg RP, Hyatt MS, Enas GG, Becker DP (1982) The dynamics of neuronal dysfunction and recovery following severe head injury assessed with serial multimodality evoked potentials. J Neurosurg 57:168–177

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nuwer MR (1986) Evoked potential monitoring in the operating room. Raven Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Ommaya AK, Gennarelli TA (1974) Cerebral concussion and traumatic unconsciousness correlation of experimental and clinical observations on blunt head injuries. Brain 97:633–654

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Oppenheimer DR (1968) Microscopic lesions in the brain following head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 31: 299–306

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ottaviani F, Almadori G, Calderazzo AB, Frenguelli A, Paludetti G (1986) Auditory brainstem (ABRs) and middle latency auditory responses (MLRs) in the prognosis of severely head-injured patients. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 65:196–202

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Özdamar Ö, Kraus N, Stein L (1983) Auditory brainstem responses in infants recovering from bacterial meningitis. Arch Otolaryngol 109:13–18

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Panjwani GD, Mustafa MKY, Muhailan A, Aneja IS, Owunwanne A (1991) Effect of hyperthermia on somatosensory evoked potentials in the anaesthesized rat. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 80:384–391

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez-Arroyo M, Chiappa KH (1985) Early visual evoked potentials in normal subjects and brain-dead patients. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 61:38

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfadenhauer K, Rittner J, Stöhr M (1997) Sepsis: unklare Bewusstseinstrübung als Initialsymptom. Nervenarzt 68:1008–1009

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Pfurtscheller G, Schwarz G, List W (1985) Brain death and bioelectrical brain activity. Intensive Care Med 2:149–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfurtscheller G, Schwarz G, Pfurtscheller B, List W (1983) Computerunterstützte Analyse von EEG, evozierten Potentialen, EEG-Reaktivität und Herzfrequenzvariabilität an komatösen Patienten. Z EEG EMG 14:66–73

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Piek J, Lumenta CP, Bock WJ (1985) Überwachung der Gehörfunktionen komatöser Patienten unter der Therapie mit potentiell ototoxischen Substanzen mittels akustisch evozierter Hirnstammpotentiale. Anästh Intensivther Notfallmed 20:1–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Plum F, Posner JB (1972) The diagnosis of stupor and coma, 2nd edn. Davis, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Podoshin L, Fradis M (1975) Hearing loss after head injury. Arch Otolaryngol 101:15–18

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pohlmann-Eden B, Dingethal K, Bender HJ, Koelfen W (1997) How reliable is the predictive value of SEP (somatosensory evoked potentials) patterns in severe brain damage with special regard to the bilateral loss of cortical responses? Intensive Care Med 23(3):301–308

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prevec TS (1980) Effect of valium on the somatosensory evoked potentials. In: Desmedt JE (ed) Clinical uses of cerebral, brainstem and spinal somatosensory evoked potentials. Karger, Basel pp-311–318

    Google Scholar 

  • Ragazzoni A, Amantini A, Rossi L, Pagini P, Arnetoli G, Marini P, Nencioni C, Zappoli R (1982) Brainstem auditory evoked potentials and vertebral-basilar RIAs. In: Courjon I, Mauguière F, Revol M (eds) Clinical applications of evoked potentials in neurology. Raven, New York, pp 187–194

    Google Scholar 

  • Rappaport M, Hall K, Hopkins HK, Belleza T (1981) Evoked potentials and head injury. 1. Rating of evoked potential abnormality. Clin Electroencephalogr 12:154–166

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rappaport M, Hall K, Hopkins K, Belleza T, Berrol S, Reynolds G (1977) Evoked brain potentials and disability in brain-injured patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 58:333–338

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reilly EL, Kondo C, Brunberg JA, Doty DB (1978) Visual evoked potentials during hypothermia and prolonged circulatory arrest. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 45:100–106

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reisecker F, Witzmann A, Löffler W, Leblhuber F, Deisenhammer E, Valencak E (1985) Somatosensorisch evozierte Potentiale bei komatösen Patienten, ein Vergleich mit klinischem Befund, EEG und Prognose. Z EEG EMG 16:87–92

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reisecker F, Witzmann A, Löffler W, Leblhuber F, Deisenhammer E, Valencak E (1987) Zum Stellenwert früher akustischer und somatosensorisch evozierter Potentiale in der Überwachung und prognostischen Beurteilung des Komas unter Barbiturattherapie — vergleichende Untersuchungen mit Klinik und EEG. Z EEG EMG 18:36–42

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rhode V, Irle S, Hassler WE (1999) Prediction of post-comatose motor function by motor evoked potentials obtained in the acute phase of traumatic and non-traumatic coma. Acta Neurochir 141:841–848

    Google Scholar 

  • Riffel B, Kroiß H, Stöhr M (1994) Diagnostik und Prognostik mit evozierten Potentialen in der Intensivmedizin. In: Baumgartner G, Brandt T, Cohen R, Grüsser O-J, Helmchen H, Schmidt LR (Hrsg) Psychiatrie, Neurologie, Klinische Psychologie. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Riffel B, Stöhr M, Trost E, Ullrich A, Graser W (1987) Frühzeitige prognostische Aussage mittels evozierter Potentiale beim schweren Schädel-Hirn-Traum. Z EEG EMG 18:192–199

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riffel B, Trost E (1986) Evozierte Potentiale in der Intensivmedizin: Toxische und hypoxische Hirnschäden. Vortrag, Deutsche EEG-Gesellschaft, München

    Google Scholar 

  • Ropper AH (1986) Evoked potentials in cerebral ischemia. Stroke 17:3–5

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Rossi GT, Britt RH (1984) Effects of hypothermia on the cat brain-stem auditory evoked response. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 57:143–155

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rothstein TL, Thomas EM, Sumi SM (1991) Predicting outcome in hypoxic-ischemic coma: A prospective clinical and electrophysiologic study. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 79:101–107

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rumpl E, Prugger M, Battista HJ, Badry F, Gerstenbrand F, Dienstl F (1988) Short latency somatosensory evoked potentials and brain-stem auditory evoked potentials in coma due to CNS depressant drug poisoning. Preliminary observations. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 70: 482–489

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rumpl E, Prugger M, Gerstenbrand F, Hackl JM, Palhua A (1983) Central somatosensory conduction time and short latency somatosensory evoked potentials in post-traumatic coma. Electroenceph alogr Clin Neurophysiol 56:583–596

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Russ W, Kling D, Loesevitz A, Hempelmann G (1984) Effect of hypothermia on visual evoked potentials (VEP) in humans. Anesthesiology 61:207–210

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Russ W, Sticher H, Scheld H, Hempelmann G (1987) Effects of hypothermia on somatosensory evoked responses in man. Br J Anaesth 59:1484–1491

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruth RA, Gal TJ, DiFazio CA, Moszicki JC (1985) Brain-stem auditory-evoked potentials during lidocaine infusion in humans. Arch Otolaryngol 111:799–802

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saito T, Takeichi S, Tokunaga I, Nakajima Y, Osawa M, Yukawa N (1997) Experimental studies on effects of barbiturate on electroencephalogram and auditory brain-stem responses. Nippon Hoigaku Zasshi 51(5):388–395

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samra SK, Lilly DJ (1983) Effect of hypothermia on human brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Anesthesiology 59:170

    Google Scholar 

  • Samra SK, Lilly DJ, Rush NL, Kirsh MM (1984) Fentanyl anesthesia on human brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Anesthesiology 61:261–265

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Scheepstra GL, De Lange JJ, Booij LHD, Ros HH (1989) Median nerve evoked potentials during propofol anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 62:92–94

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scheglmann K (1999) Visuell evozierte Potentiale. In: Stöhr M, Wagner W, Pfadenhauer K, Scheglmann K (Hrsg) Neuromonitoring. Steinkopff, Darmstadt, S 96–106

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherg M, Speulda E (1982) Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in the neurologic clinic: Improved stimulation and analysis methods. In: Courjon J, Mauguière F, Revol M (eds) Clinical applications of evoked potentials in neurology. Raven Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt B, Simma B, Burger R, Dumermuth G (1993) Resuscitation after severe hypoxia in a young child: temporary isoelectric EEG and loss of BAEP components. Intensive Care Med 19(7):420–422

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schubert A, Drummond JC (1986) The effect of acute hypocapnia on human median nerve somatosensory evoked responses. Anaesth Analg 65:240–244

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz S, Hacke W, Schwab S (2000) Magnetic evoked potentials in neurocritical care patients with acute brainstem lesions. J Neurol Sci 172:30–37

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz S, Schwab S, Aschoff A, Hacke W (1999) Favorable recovery from bilateral loss of somatosensory evoked potentials. Crit Care Med 27:182–187

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seales DM, Rossiter VS, Weinstein ME (1979) Brainstem auditory evoked responses in patients comatose as a result of blunt head trauma. J Trauma 19:347–353

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seppäläinen AM, Savolainen K, Kovala T (1981) Changes induced by xylene and alcohol in human evoked potentials. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 51:148–155

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro SM, Moller AR, Shiu GK (1984) Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials in rats with high-dose pentobarbital. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 58:266–276

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sherman AL, Tirschwell DL, Micklesen PJ, Longstreth WT Jr, Robinson LR (2000) Somatosensory potentials, CSF creatine kinase BB activity, and awakening after cardiac arrest. Neurology 54(4):889–894

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Signorino M, D’Acunto S, Angeleri F, Pietropaoli P (1995) Elicting P300 in comatose patients. Lancet 345:255–256

    Article  PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Sleigh JW, Havill JH, Frith R, Kersel D, Marsh N, Ulyatt D (1999) Somatosensory evoked potentials in severe traumatic brain injury: A blinded study. J Neurosurg 91:577–580

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sloan TB, Fugina ML, Toleikis JR (1990) Effects of midazolam on median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials. Br J Anaesth 64:590–593

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith B (1975) Anesthesia for orbital injury: Observed changes in the visually evoked response at low blood pressures. Mod Probl Ophthalmol 14:457–459

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sohmer H, Gafni M, Chisin R (1982) Auditory nerve-brainstem potentials in man and cat under hypoxic and hypercapnic conditions. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 53: 506–512

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sohmer H, Gafni M, Havatselet G (1984) Persistence of auditory nerve response and absence of brainstem response in severe cerebral ischaemia. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 58:65–72

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sonoo M, Tsai-Shozawa Y, Aoki M et al. (1999) N18 in median somatosensory evoked potentials: A new indicator of medullary function useful for the diagnosis of brain death. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 67:374–378

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Squires KC, Chu NS, Starr A (1978a) Auditory brainstem potentials with alcohol. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 45:577–584

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Squires KC, Chu NS, Starr A (1978b) Acute effects of alcohol on auditory brainstem potentials in humans. Science 201: 174–176

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Starr A (1976) Auditory brainstem responses in brain death. Brain 99:543–554

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Starr A, Achor J (1975) Auditory brainstem responses in neurological disease. Arch Neurol 32:761–768

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starr A, Hamilton AE (1976) Correlation between confirmed sites of neurological lesions and abnormalities of farfield auditory brainstem responses. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 41:595–608

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stein H, Barth H, Eichmann T, Mehdorn HM (1996) Das primär traumatische Mittelhirnsyndrom — Verlaufsformen und Prognose einer akuten primären Hirnstammschädigung. Zentralbl Chir 121:985–989

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stern BJ, Krumholz A, Weiss HD, Goldstein P, Harris KC (1982) Evaluation of brainstem stroke using brainstem auditory evoked responses. Stroke 13:705–710

    PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Stockard JH, Stockard JE, Sharbrough FW (1978-b) Non-pathologic factors influencing brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Am J EEG Technol 18:177–209

    Google Scholar 

  • Stockard JJ, Stockard JE, Sharbrough W (1980) Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in neurology: Methodology interpretation and clinical application. In: Aminoff MJ (ed) Electrodiagnosis in clinical neurology. Churchill Livingston, New York, pp 370–413

    Google Scholar 

  • Stöhr M, Dichgans J, Voigt K, Buettner UW (1983) The significance of somatosensory evoked potentials for localization of unilateral lesions within the cerebral hemispheres. J Neurol Sci 61:49–63

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stöhr M, Riffel B, Pfadenhauer K (1991) Neurophysiologische Untersuchungsmethoden in der Intensivmedizin. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Stöhr M, Riffel B, Trost E, Baumgärtner H (1987a) Akustisch und somatosensibel evozierte Potentiale im Hirntod. Nervenarzt 58:658–664

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stöhr M, Riffel B, Trost E, Ullrich A (1987b) Short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials in brain death. J Neurol 234:211–214

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stöhr M, Riffel B, Trost E, Wengert P (1987c) Bedeutung der somatosensibel evozierten Potentiale (SEP) bei der Feststellung des Hirntodes. Anästh Intensivther Notfallmed 22:21–25

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stöhr M, Trost E, Ullrich A, Riffel B, Wengert P (1986) Bedeutung der frühen akustisch evozierten Potentiale bei der Feststellung des Hirntodes. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 40:1515–1519

    Google Scholar 

  • Strenge H (1991) Somatosensorisch evozierte Potentiale bei mäβiger Hyperthermie. Z EEG EMG 22:157–163

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sutton LN, Frewen T, Marsh R, Jaggi I, Bruce DA (1982) The effects of deep barbiturate coma on multimodality evoked potentials. J Neurosurg 57:178–185

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Symon L, Hargadine Z, Zawirski M, Branston NM (1979) Central conduction time as an index of ischaemia in subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neurol Sci 44:95–103

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Symon L, Wang AD (1986) Somatosensory evoked potentials: Their clinical utility in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoidal hemorrhage. In: Cracco RQ, Bodis-Wollner (eds) Evoked potentials. Liss, New York, pp 390–401

    Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi H, Tanaka R, Sekihara Y, Hondo H (1991) Auditory brainstem response during systemic hyperthermia. Int J Hyperthermia 7:613–630

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor MJ, Borret DS, Coles JC (1985) The effects of profound hypothermia on the cervical SEP in humans: evidence of dual generators. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 62:184–192

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor MJ, Murphy WJ, Whyte HE (1992) Prognostic reliability of somatosensory and visual evoked potentials of asphyxiated term infants. Dev Med Child Neurol 34:507–515

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor NJ, Houston BD, Lawry NL (1985) Recovery of auditory brainstem responses after a severe hypoxic ischemic insult. N Engl J Med 19(309):1169–1170

    Google Scholar 

  • Teasdale G, Jennett B (1974) Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet II:81–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomlinsen BE (1970) Brainstem lesions after head injury. Lancet II:443–448

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsubokawa T, Nishimoto H, Yamamoto T, Kitamura M, Katayama Y, Moriyasu N (1980) Assessment of brainstem damage by the auditory brainstem response in acute severe head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 43:1005–1011

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uldry PA, Kuntzer T, Bogousslavsky J et al. (1993) Early symptoms and outcome of Listeria monocytogenes rhombencephalitis; 14 adult cases. J Neurol 240:235–240

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uziel A, Benezech J (1978) Auditory brainstem responses in comatose pateints. Relationship with brainstem reflexes and levels of coma. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 45:515–524

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uziel A, Benezech J, Lorenzo S, Monstrey Y, Duboin MP, Roquefeuil B (1982) Clinical applications of brainstem auditory evoked potentials in comatose patients. In: Courjon J, Mauguière F, Revol M (eds) Clinical applications of evoked potentials in neurology. Raven Press, New York, pp 195–201

    Google Scholar 

  • Vredeveld JW (1981) Predictive somatosensory evoked potentials. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 52:40

    Google Scholar 

  • Vredeveld JW (1986) SEP Prognosis in acute stroke. In: Poeck K, Hacke W, Schneider R (Hrsg) Verhandlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologie, Bd 4. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 587–588

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner W (1996)Scalp, earlobe and nasopharyngeal recordings of the median nerve somatosensory evoked P14 potential in coma and brain death. Detailed latency and amplitude analysis in 181 patients. Brain 119:1507–1521

    PubMed  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Walker AE, Diamond EL, Moseley J (1975) The neuropathological findings in irreversible coma. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 34:295–323

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walser H, Aebersold H, Glinz W (1983) Die Prognose des schweren Schädelhirntraumas mit Hilfe von neurophysiologischen Parametern. Z EEG EMG 13:79–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Walser H, Emre M, Janzer R (1986) Somatosensory evoked potentials in comatose patients: Correlation with outcome and neuropathological findings. JNeurol 233:34–40

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walser H, Keller HM (1984) Short latency median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials and EEG in acute anoxic coma. Reanimation (Sonderheft 196)

    Google Scholar 

  • Walser H, Mattle H, Keller HM, Janzer R (1985) Early cortical median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials. Prognostic value in anoxic coma. Arch Neurol 42:32–38

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang AD, Cone J, Symon L, Costa E, Silva I (1984) Somatosensory evoked potential monitoring during the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neurosurg 60:264–268

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wedekind C, Fischbach R, Pakos P, Terhaag D, Klug N (1999) Comparative use of magnetic resonance imaging and electrophysiologic investigation for prognosis of head injury. J Trauma 47:44–49

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whyte HE (1993) Visual-evoked potentials in neonates following asphyxia. Clin Perinatol 20(2):451–461

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Willoughby JO, Leach BG (1974) Relation of neurological findings after cardiac arrest to outcome. Br Med J 3:437–439

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wohlrab G, Boltshauser E, Schmitt B (2001) Neurological outcome in comatose children with bilateral loss of cortical somatosensory evoked potentials. Neuropediatrics 32: 271–274

    Article  PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Worth RM, Markand ON, Deroser GR, Warren CM (1982) Intra-operative somatosensory evoked response monitoring during spinal cord surgery. In: Courjon J, Mauguière F, Revol M (eds) Clinical applications of evoked potentials in neurology. Raven Press, New York, pp-367–373

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang LC, Tao-chen L, Galik J (1997) A rare case of somatosensory evoked potential recording during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 41:1083–1086

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ying Z, Schmid UD, Schmid J, Hess CW (1992) Motor and somatosensory evoked potentials in coma: Analysis and relation to clinical status and outcome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 55:470–474

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • York DH (1986) Correlation between a unilateral mid-brainpontine lesion and abnormalities of brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 65:282–288

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zandbergen EG, de Haan RJ, Stoutenbeek CP, Koelman JH, Hijdra A (1998) Systematic review of early prediction of poor outcome in anoxic-ischaemic coma. Lancet 352(9143): 1808–1812

    Article  PubMed  CAS  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Zegers de Beyl D, Borenstein S, Dufage P, Brunko E (1984) Irreversible cortical damage in acute postanoxic coma: Predictive value of somatosensory evoked potentials. Transplant Proc 15:98–101

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeitlhofer J, Steiner M, Zadrobilek E, Häusl E, Sporn P, Asenbaum S, Oder W, Baumgartner CH, Deecke L (1989) Evozierte Potentiale zur Verlaufs-und Prognosebeurteilung von Schädel-Hirn-Trauma-Patienten. Anästhesist 38:10–15

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zentner J, Ebner A (1988) Prognostic value of somatosensory-and motor-evoked potentials in patients with a non-traumatic coma. Eur Arch Psych Neurol Sci 237:184–187

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zumsteg D, Wieser HG (2002) Effects of aging and sex on middle-latency somatosensory evoked potentials: Normative data. Clin Neurophysiol 113:681–685

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer Medizin Verlag Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kroiß, H., Scheglmann, K., Stühr, M. (2005). Evozierte Potenziale in der Intensivmedizin. In: Evozierte Potenziale. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26659-3_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26659-3_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-01773-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-26659-4

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics