Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Novel Substances in the Treatment of Lung Cancer for the Radiation Oncologist

  • Chapter
Advances in Radiation Oncology in Lung Cancer

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology Radiation Oncology ((Med Radiol Radiat Oncol))

  • 878 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Akimoto T, Hunter NR, Buchmiller L, et al. (1999) Inverse relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor expression and radiocurability of murine carcinomas. Clin Cancer Res 5:2884–2890

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Amorino GP, Hercules SK, Mohr PJ, et al. (2000) Preclinical evaluation of the orally active camptothecin analog, RFS-2000 (9-Nitro-20(S)-Camptothecin) as a radiation enhancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 47:503–509

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Andoh T, Ishii K, Suzuki Y, et al. (1987) Characterization of a mammalian mutant with a camptothecin-resistant DNA topoisomerase I. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 84:5565–5569

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bernhard EJ et al. (1998) Inhibiting ras prenylation increases the radiosensitivity of human tumor cell lines with activating mutations of ras oncogenes. Cancer Res 58:1754–1761

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bernhard EJ et al. (2000) Direct evidence for the contribution of activated N-ras and K-ras oncogenes to increased intrinsic radiation resistance in human tumor cell lines. Cancer Res 60:6597–6600

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brizel DM et al. (1996) Tumor oxygenation predicts for the likelihood of distant metastases in human soft tissue sarcoma. Cancer Res 56:941

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brizel D, Wasserman TH, Strnad V, et al. (1999) Final report of a phase III randomized trial of amifostine as a radioprotectant in head and neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 45(suppl 3):147–148

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown JM, Giaccia AJ (1998) The unique physiology of solid tumors: opportunities (and problems) for cancer therapy. Cancer Res 58:1408–16

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bush RS et al. (1978) Definitive evidence for hypoxic cells influencing cure in cancer therapy. Br J Cancer 37:302

    Google Scholar 

  • Cancer and Leukemia Group B. Phase II study of paclitaxel, carboplatin, and gefitinib followed by radiotherapy with or without paclitaxel and carboplatin followed by gefitinib in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer — CALGB-30106

    Google Scholar 

  • Canney PA, Dean S. (1990) Transforming growth factor beta: A promoter of late connective tissue injury following radiotherapy? Br J Radiol 63:620–623

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen AY, Okunieff P, Pommier Y, et al. (1997) Mammalian DNA topoisomerase I mediates the enhancement of radiation cytotoxicity by camptothecin derivatives. Cancer Res 57:1529–1536

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Choy H, et al. (1993) Investigation of taxol as potential radiation sensitizer. Cancer 71:3774–3778

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Choy H, MacRae R (2001) Irinotecan in combined-modality therapy for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Oncology (Huntingt) 15(1 supply 1):31–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen-Jonathan E et al (2001) The farnesyltransferase inhibitor L744,832 reduces hypoxia in tumors expressing activated H-ras. Cancer Res 61:2289–2293

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dickstein BN, Wosikowski K, Bates S (1995) Increased resistance to cytotoxic agents in ZR75B human breast cancer cells transfected with epidermal growth factor receptor. Mol Cell Endocrinol 110:205–211

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dische S (1988) Modifying radiosensitivity to improve clinical radiotherapy. In: Progress in radio-oncology, IV. International Club of Radio-Oncology, Vienna

    Google Scholar 

  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). Phase III randomized study of carboplatin, paclitaxel, and chemoradiotherapy with or without thalidomide in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer. http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/

    Google Scholar 

  • Eliopoulos AG, Kerr DJ, Herod J, et al. (1995) The control of apoptosis and drug resistance in ovarian cancer: influence of p53 and bcl-2. Oncogene 11:1217–1228

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elkind MM, Sutton HF (1959) X-ray damage and recovery in mammalian cells in culture. Nature 184:1293

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Faivre S, Le Chevalier T, Monnerat C, et al. (2002) Phase I/II and pharmacokinetic study of gemcitabine combined with oxaliplatin in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and ovarian carcinoma. Ann Oncol 13:1479–1489

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher BJ, Scott C, Macdonald DR, et al. (2001) Phase I study of topotecan plus cranial radiation for glioblastoma multiforme: results of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Trial 9507. J Clin Oncol 19:1111–1117

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gorski DH, Beckett MA, Jaskowiak NT, et al. (1999) Blockade of the vascular endothelial growth factor stress response increases the antitumor effects of ionizing radiation. Cancer Res 59:3374–3378

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grabenbauer GG, Buchfelder M, Schrell U et al. (1999) Topotecan as a 21-day continuous infusion with accelerated 3D-conformal radiation therapy for patients with glioblastoma. Front Radiat Ther Oncol 33:364–368

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gregoire V et al. (1999) Chemo-radiotherapy: radiosensitizing nucleoside analogues. Oncol Rep 6:949–957

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grunicke HH, Maly K (1993) Role of GTPases and GTPase regulatory proteins in oncogenesis. Crit Rev Oncog 4:389–402

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hahn SM et al. (1994) Potential use of nitroxides in radiation oncology. Cancer Res 54(suppl 7):2006s–2010s

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hak Choy, A Nabid, B Stea, W Roa, et al. (2001) Positive phase II results of RSR13 and concurrent radiation therapy after induction chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin for locally advanced inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. ASCO annual meeting, abstract#1248

    Google Scholar 

  • Harari PM, Huang SM (2000) Modulation of molecular targets to enhance radiation. ClinCancer Res 6:323–325

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartford AC, Gohongi T, Fukumura D, et al. (2000) Irradiation of a primary tumor, unlike surgical removal, enhances angiogenesis suppression at a distal site: Potential role of host-tumor interaction. Cancer Res 60:2128–2131

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Henk JM, Smith CW (1977) Radiotherapy and hyperbaric oxygen in head and neck cancer. Lancet 2:104–105

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hermens AF, Barendsen GW (1978) The proliferative status and clonogenic capacity of tumour cells in a transplantable rhabdomyosarcoma of the rat before and after irradiation with 800 rad of X-rays. Cell Tissue Kinet 11:83–100

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hockel M et al. (1993) Intratumoral pO2 predicts survival in advanced cancer of the uterine cervix. Radiother Oncol 26:45

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hsiang YH, Liu LF (1988) Identification of mammalian DNA topoisomerase I as an intracellular target of the anticancer drug camptothecin. Cancer Res 48:1722–1726

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hsiang YH, Hertzberg R, Hecht S, et al. (1985) Camptothecin induces protein-linked DNA breaks via mammalian DNA topoisomerase I. J Biol Chem 260:14873–14878

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huang SM, Harari PM (2000) Modulation of radiation response after epidermal growth factor receptor blockade in squamous cell carcinomas: inhibition of damage repair, cell cycle kinetics, and tumor angiogenesis. Clin Cancer Res 6:2166–2174

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huang SM, Bock JM, Harari PM (1999) Epidermal growth factor receptor blockade with C225 modulates proliferation, apoptosis, and radiosensitivity in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Cancer Res 59:1935–1940

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huang SM, Li J, Armstrong EA, et al. (2002) Modulation of radiation response and tumor induced angiogenesis after epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition by ZD 1839 (Iressa). Cancer Res 62:4300–4306

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Iliakis G (1988) Radiation-induced potentially lethal damage: DNA lesions susceptible to fixation. Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med 53:541–584

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kakolyris S, Kouroussis C, Koukourakis M, et al. (2002) A dose-escalation study of oxaliplatin and vinorelbine in patients with advanced solid tumors. Oncology 63:213–218

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kinsella TJ et al. (1987) Enhancement of X ray induced DNA damage by pre-treatment with halogenated pyrimidine analogs. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 13:733–739

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kirichenko AV, Rich TA (1999) Radiation enhancement by 9-aminocamptothecin: the effect of fractionation and timing of administration. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 44:659–664

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kishi K, Petersen S, Petersen C, et al. (2000) Preferential enhancement of tumor radioresponse by a cylooxygenase-2 inhibitor. Cancer Res 60:1326–1331

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koki A, Leahy KM, Masferrer JL (1999) Potential utility of COX-2 inhibitors in chemoprevention and chemotherapy. Expert Opin Invest Drugs 8:1623–1638

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Komaki R, Seiferheld W, Curran W, et al. (2000) Sequential vs. concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy for inoperable phase III study (RTOG 9410). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48:113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kourousis C, Agelaki S, Mavroudis D, et al. (2003) A dose escalation study of docetaxel and oxaliplatin combination in patients with metastatic breast and non-small cell lung cancer. Anticancer Res 23:785

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuss B, Cotter F (1997) Antisense therapy in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Lancet 349:1137–1141

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence TS, Eisbruch A, Shewach DS (1997) Gemcitabine-mediated radiosensitization. Semin Oncol 24: S-7,24–S7,28

    Google Scholar 

  • Li C et al. (2000a) Tumor irradiation enhances the tumor-specific distribution of poly(L-glutamic acid)-conjugated paclitaxel and its antitumor efficacy. Clin Cancer Res 6:2829–2834

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li C et al. (2000b) Potentiation of ovarian OCa-1 tumor radioresponse by poly(L-glutamic acid)-paclitaxel conjugate. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48:1119–1126

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Little JB, et al. (1973) Repair of potentially lethal radiation damage in vitro and in vivo. Radiology 106:689

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maeda H, Seymour LW, Miyamoto Y (1992) Conjugates of anticancer agents and polymers: advantages of macromolecular therapeutics in vivo. Bioconjug Chem 3:351–362

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mason KA et al. (2001) Biology-based combined-modality radiotherapy: workshop report. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 50: 1079–1089

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mauceri H.J et al. (1998) Combined effects of angiostatin and ionizing radiation in antitumour therapy. Nature 394:287–291

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MD Anderson Cancer Center. Phase III randomized study of induction platinum-based chemotherapy and radiotherapy with or without Æ-941 (Neovastat) in patients with unresectable stage IIIA or IIIB non-small cell lung cancer. http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendelsohn J, Fan Z (1997) Epidermal growth factor receptor family and chemosensitization. J Ntl Cancer Inst 89:341–343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milas L (2001) Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme inhibitors as potential enhancers of tumor radioresponse. Semin Radiat Oncol 11:296–299

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milas L, Hanson WR (1995) Eicosanoids and radiation. Eur J Cancer 31A:1580–1585

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milas L, et al. (1994) Dynamics of tumor cell clonogen repopulation in a murine sarcoma treated with cyclophosphamide. Radiother Oncol 30:247–253

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milas L, et al. (1995) Role of reoxygenation in induction of enhancement of tumor radioresponse by paclitaxel. Cancer Res 55:3564–3568

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milas L, et al. (1999a) Enhancement of tumor radioresponse in vivo by gemcitabine. Cancer Res 59:107–114

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milas L, Milas MM, Mason KA (1999b) Combination of taxanes with radiation: preclinical studies. Semin Radiat Oncol 9:12–26

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milas L, et al. (1999c) Enhancement of tumor response to gradiation by an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme. J Natl Cancer Inst 91:1501–1504

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milas L, et al. (2000) In vivo enhancement of tumor radioresponse by C225 antiepidermal growth factor receptor antibody. Clin Cancer Res 6:701–708

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moertel CG, Schutt AJ, Reitemeier RJ, et al. (1972) Phase II study of camptothecin SC100880) in the treatment of advanced gastrointestinal cancer. Cancer Chemother Rep 56:95–101.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Monnet I, Brienza S, Hugret F, et al (1998) Phase II study of oxaliplatin in poor prognosis non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Eur J Cancer 34:1124–1127

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Monnet I, Soulié P, de Cremoux H, et al. (2001) Phase I/II study of escalating doses of vinorelbine in combination with oxaliplatin in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 19:458–463

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Monnet I, de Cremoux H, Soulie' P, et al. (2002) Oxaliplatin plus vinorelbine in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: final results of a multicenter phase II study. Ann Oncol 13:103–107

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morris M, et al. (1999) Pelvic radiation with concurrent chemotherapy compared with pelvic and para-aortic radiation for high-risk cervical cancer. New Engl J Med 340:1137–1143

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Muggia FM, Creaven PJ, Hansen HH, et al. (1972) Phase I clinical trial of weekly and daily treatment with camptothecin (NSC-100880): correlation with preclinical studies. Cancer Chemother Rep 56:515–521

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Munro AJ (1995) An overview of randomised controlled trials of adjuvant chemotherapy in head and neck cancer. Br J Cancer 71:83–91

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ning S, Laird D, Cherrington JM, et al. (2002) The antiangiogenic agents SU 5416 and SU6668 increase the antitumor effects of fractionated irradiation. Radiat Res 157:45–51

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nordsmark M, Overgard M, Overgard J (1996) Pretreatment oxygenation predicts radiation response in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Radiother Oncol 41:31

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Omura M, Torigoe S, Kubota N (1997) SN-38, a metabolite of the camptothecin derivative CPT-11, potentiates the cytotoxic effect of radiation in human colon adenocarcinoma cells grown as spheroids. Radiat Oncol 43:197–201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O'Reilly MS et al. (1996) Angiostatin induces and sustains dormancy of human primary tumors in mice. Nat Med 2:689–692

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Phase III randomized study of polyglutamate paclitaxel (CT-2103) versus docetaxel as second-line therapy in patients with progressive non-small cell lung cancer. http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/

    Google Scholar 

  • Plunkett W et al. (1995) Gemcitabine: metabolism, mechanisms of action, and self-potentiation. Semin Oncol 22(suppl 11):3–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Raben D, Helfrich BA, Chan D, et al. (2002) ZD 1839, a selective epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, alone, and in combination with radiation and chemotherapy as new therapeutic strategy in non-small cell lung cancer. Semin Oncol 29(suppl 4):37–46

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Radford IR (1986) Evidence for a general relationship between the induced level of DNA double-strand breakage and cell-killing after X-irradiation of mammalian cells. Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med 49:611–620

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. RTOG-0213. Phase I/II study of celecoxib and limited-field radiotherapy in intermediate-prognosis patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/

    Google Scholar 

  • Rafi MM, Rosen RT, Vassil A, et al. (2000) Modulation of Bcl-2 and cytotoxicity by licochalcone-A, a novel estrogenic flavonoid. Anticancer Res 20:2653–2658

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robert F, Ezekiel MP, Spencer SA, et al. (2001) Phase I study of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody cetuximab in combination with radiation therapy in patients with advanced head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol 19:3234–3243

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salek MN, Raisch KP, Strackhouse MA, et al. (1999) Combined modality therapy of A431 human epidermoid cancer using anti-EGFr antibody C225 and radiation. Cancer Biothera Radiopharm 14:451–463

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt-Ullrich RK, Mikkelsen RB, Dent P, et al. (1997) Radiation-induced proliferation of the human A431 squamous carcinoma cells dependent on EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation. Oncogene 15:1191–1197

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt-Ullrich RK, et al. (2000) Signal transduction and cellular radiation responses. Radiat Res 153:245–257

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solomon B, Hagekyriakou M, Trivett M, et al. (2002) Potentiation of the antitumor effect of ionizinf radiation by ZD 1839 ('Iressa') in vitro and in vivo A431 cells. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 43:1002, (abstr 4966)

    Google Scholar 

  • Southwest Oncology Group. Phase III randomized study of cisplatin, etoposide, radiotherapy, and docetaxel with or without gefitinib in patients with unresectable stage iii non-small cell lung cancer. a substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Also called ZD 1839. SWOG-S0023

    Google Scholar 

  • Steel GG, Peckham MJ (1979) Exploitable mechanisms in combined radiotherapy-chemotherapy: the concept of additivity. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 5:85–91

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stephens T, Steel GG (1980) Regeneration of tumors after cytotoxic treatment. In: Meyn R, Withers HR (eds.) Radiation biology in cancer research. Raven Press, New York, pp 385–295

    Google Scholar 

  • Takeda K, Negoro S, Kudoh S, et al. (1999) Phase I/II study of weekly irinotecan and concurrent radiation therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 79:1462–1467

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tannock IF, Rotin D (1989) Acid pH in tumors and its potential for therapeutic exploitation. Cancer Res. 49:4373–4384

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor J, Withers HR, Mendenhall WM (1990) Dose-time considerations of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas treated with irradiation. Radiother Oncol 17:95–102

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Teicher BA et al. (1995) Potentiation of cytotoxic therapies by TNP-470 and minocycline in mice bearing EMT-6 mammary carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res Treat 36:227–236

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Terasima T, Tolmach.J (1963) Variations in survival responses of HeLa cells to x-irradiation during the division cycle. Biophys J 3:11–33

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tishler RB, et al. (1992) Taxol sensitizes human astrocytoma cells to radiation. Cancer Res 52:3495–3497

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vaupel P, Kallinowski F, Okunieff P (1989) Blood flow, oxygen and nutrient supply, and metabolic microenvironment of human tumors: a review. Cancer Res 49:6449–6465

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vittorio F, Roberto B, Enrico A, et al. (2003) Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin: a safe and active regimen in poor prognosis advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer 41:101–106

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y, Pantelias GE, Iliakis G (1994) Mechanism of radiosensitization by halogenated pyrimidines: the contribution of excess DNA and chromosome damage in BrdU radiosensitization may be minimal in plateau-phase cells. Int I Radiat Biol 66: 133–142

    Google Scholar 

  • Withers HR, Taylor JM, Maciejewski B (1988) The hazard of accelerated tumor clonogen repopulation during radiotherapy. Acta Oncol. 27:131–146

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yuhas JM, Storer JB (1969) Differential chemoprotection of normal and malignant tissues. J Natl Cancer Inst 42:331–335

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5801 Forest Park, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA

    L. Chinsoo Cho M.D. (Associate Professor) & Hak Choy M.D. (Professor and Chairman)

Authors
  1. L. Chinsoo Cho M.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hak Choy M.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 226, 81657, München, Germany

    Branislav Jeremić MD, PhD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Chinsoo Cho, L., Choy, H. (2005). Novel Substances in the Treatment of Lung Cancer for the Radiation Oncologist. In: Jeremić, B. (eds) Advances in Radiation Oncology in Lung Cancer. Medical Radiology Radiation Oncology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26632-1_35

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26632-1_35

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-00522-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-26632-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation