Abstract
We consider incommensurate structures of the type which have two more or less independent, though modulated, sub-lattices derived from misfitting layers of two types, alternating regularly in the layer-stacking direction. These are the two-dimensional analogues of the so-called “chimney-ladder” structures (which are one-dimensional).
After an introductory discussion of such misfit structures, various terms that have previously been applied are reviewed, and degrees of incommensurability are used as the basis for a systematic nomenclature. The known structures of specific examples are then discussed: graphite intercalates; minerals with brucite-like layers as one component (koenenite, valleriite, tochilinites); silicates; heavy metal sulphides (cylindrite, incaite, franckeite, cannizzarite, lengenbachite, lanthanum-chromium sulphide); anion-excess, fluorite-related yttrium oxy-fluorides and related compounds.
A discussion of types of inter-layer bonding, layer types and layer matching is followed by a consideration of disorder in such structures, as well as symmetry aspects and some growth mechanisms. Structures transitional between this type of structure and commensurate structures, i.e. structures which are really non-commensurate layers joined at anti-phase boundaries which restore commensurability, are then considered and classified with a detailed consideration of known examples from inorganic chemistry and mineralogy. Finally, some broad, general conclusions are enumerated.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Allmann, R.: Chimia 24, 99 (1970)
Allmann, R., Lohse, H. H. and Hellner, E.: Z. Kristallogr. 126, 7 (1968)
Anderson, J. S.: J. Chem. Soc. Dalton, 1107 (1973)
Andersson, S. and Hyde, B. G.: J. Solid State Chem. 9, 92 (1974)
Asher, R. C.: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 10, 238 (1959)
Bärnighausen, H.: Proc. 12th Rare Earth Res. Conf. (ed. C. E. Lundin) 1, 404 (1976). Denver: Univ. of Denver
Bärnighausen, H. and Haschke, J. M.: Inorg. Chem. 17, 18 (1978)
Berner, R. A.: Science, 137, 669 (1962)
Bevan, D. J. M.: pp. 749–759 in Solid State Chemistry (ed. R. S. Roth and S. J. Schneider), N.B.S. Special Publ. 364. Washington, D. C.: U.S. Government Printing Office (1972)
Bevan, D. J. M., Hoskins, B. F. and Mohyla, J.: 3rd European Crystallography Meet., Zürich (1976)
Bevan, D. J. M. et al.: 11th Australian Crystallography Conf. Bendigo (Vic.), Febr. 1978
Bevan, D. J. M. and Mann, A. W.: Acta Cryst. B31, 1406 (1975)
Bollmann, W.: Crystal defects and crystalline interfaces. Berlin: Springer-Verlag (1970)
Brebrick, R. F.: pp. 183–195 in The chemistry of extended defects in non-metallic solids (ed. L. Eyring and M. O'Keeffe). Amsterdam: North-Holland (1969)
Brouwer, R. and Jellinek, F.: J. de Phys., Colloque C7, 38, C7 (1977)
Bursill, L. A. and Hyde, B. G.: Progr. Solid State Chem. 7, 177 (1972a)
Bursill, L. A. and Hyde, B. G.: Nature Phys. Sci. 240, 122 (1972b)
Caro, P. E. and Corbett, J. D.: J. Less-Common Metals 18, 1 (1969)
Chukhrov, F. V. et al.: Abstract in 8th All-Union Conf. on X-ray analysis of Mineral Raw Materials. Symp. on Phase Analysis. Moscow: IGEM ANSSSR (1979)
Clapp, P. C.: pp. 663–668 in The chemistry of extended defects in non-metallic solids (ed. L. Eyring and M. O'Keeffe). Amsterdam: North-Holland (1969)
Cowley, J. M. and Ibers, J. A.: Acta Cryst. 9, 421 (1956)
Daly, J. J. and Sanz, F.: Acta Cryst. B31, 620 (1975)
de Ridder, R., van Tendeloo, G. and Amelinckx, S.: Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 33, 383 (1976)
Dornberger-Schiff, K.: Lehrgang über OD-Strukturen (+ Anhang). Berlin: Akademie-Verlag (1966)
Drits, V. A. and Sakharov, B. A.: Trudy Geol. Inst. Akad. Nauk. SSSR. 295, 256 pp. Moscow: Nauka (1976)
Ďurovič, S.: Acta Cryst. B30, 2214 (1974)
Evans, E. L. and Thomas, J. M.: J. Solid State Chem. 14, 99 (1975)
Evans, H. T. and Allmann, R.: Z. Kristallogr. 127, 73 (1968)
Galy, J. and Roth, R. S.: J. Solid State Chem. 7, 277 (1973)
Graham, A. R., Thompson, R. M. and Berry, L. G.: Am. Miner. 38, 536 (1953)
Grey, I.: Acta Cryst. B31, 45 (1975)
Guiderow, D.: Acta Cryst. B34, 1804 (1978)
Harris, D. C., Cabri, L. J. and Stewart, J. M.: Am. Miner. 55, 2110 (1970)
Harris, D. C. and Vaughan, D. J.: Am. Miner. 57, 1037 (1972)
Hockstra, A., Spoelder, T. and Vos, A.: Acta Cryst. B28, 14 (1972)
Haschke, J. M: Inorg. Chem. 15, 298 (1976)
Hofmann, W.: Z. Kristallogr. 92A, 161 (1935)
Hoggins, J. T. and Steinfink, H.: Acta Cryst. B33, 673 (1977)
Hohlwein, D. and Metz, W.: Z. Kristallogr. 139, 279 (1974)
Holmberg, B.: Acta Chem. Scand. 20, 1082 (1966)
Hooley, J. G.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 31, 17 (1977)
Huhma, M. et al.: Bull Geol. Soc. Finland 45, 103 (1973)
Hyde, B. G. et al.: Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. 4, 43 (1974)
Hyde, B. G. et al.: Prog. Solid State Chem., 12, 273 (1979)
Iishi, K. et al.: Am Miner. 55, 2107 (1970)
Jambor, J. L.: Geol. Survey Canada Paper 76-1 B, 65 (1976)
Jeitschko, W. and Parthé, E.: Acta Cryst. 22, 417 (1967)
Jellinek, F.: p. 758 in Solid State Chemistry (ed. R. S. Roth and S. J. Schneider); N. B. S. Special Publ. 364. Washington, D. C.: U.S. Government Printing Office (1972)
Jesser, W. A. and Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf, D.: Phys. star. sol. 21, 533 (1967)
Johnson, A. W. S.: paper I C-2 in: Electron Diffraction and The Nature of Defects in Crystals. Melbourne (Australia): Austr. Academy of Science (1965)
Johnson, A. W. S.: Acta Cryst. 23, 770 (1967)
Johnson, C. K.: Amer. Cryst. Assoc. Meeting Abstracts, Ser. 2, 4, 32 (1976)
Johnson, C. K. and Watson, Ch. R.: J. Chem. Phys. 64, 2271 (1976)
Jung, W. and Juza, R.: Zeit. anorg. allg. Chem. 399, 129 (1973 a)
Jung, W. and Juza, R.: Zeit. anorg. allg. Chem. 399, 148 (1973 b)
Karup-Møller, S. and Makovicky, E.: Neues Jb. Miner. 136, 310 (1979)
Kato, K., Kawada, I. and Takahashi, T.: Acta Cryst. B33, 3437 (1977)
Kupčik, V. and Veselá-Nováková, L.: Tschermaks Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 14, 55 (1970)
La Placa, S. J. et al.: Solid State Comm. 17, 635 (1975)
Liebau, F.: Acta Cryst. B24, 690 (1968)
Löchner, U., Bärnighausen, H. and Corbett, J. D.: Inorg. Chem. 16, 2134 (1977)
Lüke, H. and Eick, H. A.: Proc. 12th Rare Earth Res. Conf. (ed. C. E. Lundin) I, 424. Denver: Univ. of Denver (1976)
Mackay, A. L.: p. 27 in The harvest of a quiet eye (ed. M. Ebison). Bristol: The Institute of Physics. [Quoting G. L. (Comte de) Buffon (1783–1788) Histoire naturelle des minéraux III. Paris.] (1977)
Magnéli, A.: Acta Cryst. 6, 495 (1953)
Makovicky, E.: unpublished MS, McGill Univ., Montreal (1970)
Makovicky, E.: Am. Miner. 56, 353 (1971 a)
Makovicky, E.: Neues Jb. Miner. Mh., 403 (1971 b)
Makovicky, E.: Neues Jb. Miner. Mh., 235 (1974 a)
Makovicky, E.: Fortschritte der Mineralogie 52, Bh. 2, 49 (1974 b)
Makovicky, E.: Neues Jb. Miner. Abh., 126, 304 (1976)
Makovicky, E.: Neues Jb. Miner. Abh., 131, 187 (1977)
Makovicky, E. and Karup-Møller, S.: Neues Jb. Miner. Abh., 130, 264; 131, 56 (1977)
Makovicky, E., Mumme, W. G. and Watts, J. A.: Canad. Miner. 15, 339 (1977)
Mann, A. W. and Bevan, D. J. M.: J. Solid State Chem. 5, 410 (1972)
Matzat, E.: Acta Cryst. B35, 133 (1979)
Megaw, H. D.: Crystal structures: a working approach. Philadelphia: Saunders (1973)
Metz, W. and Hohlwein, D.: Carbon, 13, 87 (1975)
Metz, W. and Schulze, E. J.: Z. Kristallogr. 142, 409 (1975)
Mohyla, J.: Thesis, The Flinders Univ. of South Australia (1979)
Mozgova, N. N., Borodayev, Yu. S. and Organova, N. I.: pp. 43–64 in Inhomogeneity in minerals and fine mineral mixtures (ed. F. V. Chukhrov and N. V. Petrovskaya). Moscow: Izd. Nauka (1977)
Mozgova, N. N., Borodayev, Yu. S. and Sveshnikova, O. L.: Dokl. Akad. Nauk U.S.S.R. 220, 191 (1975)
Mumme, W. G.: Am. Miner. 60, 548 (1975)
Mumme, W. G.: Am. Miner. 61, 839 (1976)
Muramatsu, Y., Nambu, N. and Takeuchi, T.: J. Japan Ass. Min. Petr. Econ. Geol. 70, 236 (1975)
Myers, R. J.: Thesis, Univ. of Melbourne (1976)
Nabarro, F. R. N.: Theory of crystal dislocations, pp. 32, 33. Oxford: Clarendon (1967)
Nickel, E. H. and Hudson, D. R.: Contrib. Mineral Petrol. 55, 265 (1976)
Niizeki, N. and Buerger, M. J.: Z. Kristallogr. 109, 129 (1957)
Nowacki, W.: Neues Jb. Miner. Mh., 69 (1968)
Nowacki, W. and Stalder, H. A.: Schweiz. Min. Petr. Mitt. 49, 97 (1969)
Nuffield, E. W.: Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada, 3rd Ser. 38, Sect. IV-Geol. Sci. and Mineral., 59 (1944)
Oftedal, I.: Z. Phys. Chem. 134, 301 (1928)
Okamura, K., Iwasaki, H. and Ogawa, S.: J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 21, 1616 (1966)
Okamura, K., Iwasaki, H. and Ogawa, S.: J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 24, 569 (1968)
O'Keeffe, M. and Hyde, B. G.: Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond., A 295, 553 (1979)
Organova, N. I., Drits, V. A. and Dmitrik, A. L.: Kristallografiya, 17, 761 (1972)
Organova, N. I., Drits, V. A. and Dmitrik, A. L.: Kristallografiya, 18, 966 (1973 a)
Organova, N. I., Drits, V. A. and Dmitrik, A. L.: Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 212, 192 (1973 b)
Organova, N. I., Drits, V. A. and Dmitrik, A. L.: Am Miner. 59, 190 (1974)
Organova, N. I. et al.: Zap. Vses. Min. Obschch., No. 4, 100 (1971)
Papiernik, R., Mercurio, D. and Frit, B.: Acta Cryst. B36, 1769 (1980)
Roether, U.: Thesis, Univ. of Freiburg (1967)
Rösch, H. and Hellner, E.: Naturwiss. 46, 2 (1959)
Roth, R. S. et al.: pp. 183–195 in Solid State Chemistry (ed. R. S. Roth and S. J. Schneider); N.B.S. Special Publ. 364. Washington, D. C.: U.S. Government Printing Office (1972)
Rüdorff, W. and Schulz, H.: Zeit. anorg. allg. Chem. 245, 121 (1940)
Rüdorff, W. and Schulze, E.: Zeit. anorg. allg. Chem. 277, 156 (1954)
Ruff, O. and Bretschneider, O.: Z. anorg. allg. Chem. 217, 1 (1934)
Šćavničar, S.: Z. Kristallogr. 114, 85 (1960)
Smith, D. K. and Newkirk, H. W.: Acta Cryst. 18, 983 (1965)
Springer, G.: Neues Jb. Miner. Mh., 252 (1968)
Srikrishnan, T. and Nowacki, W.: Z. Kristallogr. 140, 114 (1974)
Takagi, J. and Takeuchi, Y.: Acta Cryst. B28, 649 (1972)
Takeda, H. and Donnay, J. D. H.: Acta Cryst. 19, 474 (1965)
Takeuchi, Y. and Takagi, J.: Proc. Japan Acad. Sci. 50, 843 (1974)
Taylor, H. F. W.: Mineralogical Magazine (London), 39, 377 (1973)
van Tendeloo, G. et al.: Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 25, 697 (1974)
Wadsley, A. D.: Acta Cryst. 5, 676 (1952)
Wadsley, A. D.: Acta Cryst. 8, 165 (1955)
Wolfe, C. W.: Am. Miner. 23, 790 (1938)
Zoltai, T.: Systematics of simple sulphide structures. Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota (1974)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1981 Springer-Verlag
About this paper
Cite this paper
Makovicky, E., Hyde, B.G. (1981). Non-commensurate (misfit) layer structures. In: Inorganic Chemistry. Structure and Bonding, vol 46. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-10655-3_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-10655-3_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-10655-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-38614-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive