Abstract
The first antidepressants were created by chance but brought the idea that central serotonin agonism produced an antidepressant effect. SSRIs were the first class of psychotropic medications to be rationally designed, meaning that researchers intended to utilize a specific mechanism of action while avoiding adverse effects. In this way, SSRIs were created to be safer and more tolerable than previous antidepressants. SSRIs share many similarities, but differ in terms of pharmacokinetics and effects on CYP450 enzymes, which is detailed in this chapter. Further information will be provided regarding safety, clinical indications/uses, and dosing recommendations.
Keywords
- Citalopram
- Escitalopram
- Fluoxetine
- Fluvoxamine
- Paroxetine
- Rational drug development
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- Sertraline
- Side effects
- Tolerability
- Vilazodone
- Vortioxetine
The goal of this textbook is to briefly review the older and established treatments for depression and focus more on newer treatments and future directions of the field. The book contains an extensive chapter on STARD, which reviews the efficacy of SSRIs. Additional chapters cover proposed biomarkers as they relate to SSRI efficacy and safety including genetic markers. The reader is referred to those chapters as well as additional resources including Preskorn.com for a more exhaustive review of the SSRIs. Portions of this chapter are adapted with permission from Preskorn et al. (2004).
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.
Buying options
References
Altshuler LL, Cohen LS, Moline ML et al (2001) The expert consensus guideline series: treatment of depression in women 2001. Postgrad Med Special Report, March, pp 1–115
Chambers CD, Johnson KA, Dick LM et al (1996) Birth outcomes in pregnant women taking fluoxetine. N Engl J Med 335:1010–1015
Deardorff WJ, Grossberg GT (2014) A review of the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of the antidepressants vilazodone, levomilnacipran and vortioxetine. Expert Opin Pharmacother 15(17):2525–2542
Doogan D, Caillard V (1992) Sertraline in the prevention of depression. Br J Psychiatry 160:217–222
Eric L (1991) A prospective double-blind comparative multicentre study of paroxetine and placebo in preventing recurrent major depressive episodes. Biol Psychiatry 29(suppl 11):254S–255S
Goldstein DJ (1995) Effects of third trimester fluoxetine exposure on the newborn. J Clin Psychopharmacol 15:417–420
Harvey AT, Preskorn SH (1996a) Cytochrome P450 enzymes: interpretation of their interactions with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Part I. J Clin Psychopharmacol 16:273–285
Harvey AT, Preskorn SH (1996b) Cytochrome P450 enzymes: interpretation of their interactions with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Part II. J Clin Psychopharmacol 16:345–355
Janicak PG, Davis JM, Preskorn SH, Ayd FJ Jr (2001) Principles and practice of psychopharmacotherapy. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
Madsen H, Enggaard TP, Hansen LL et al (2001) Fluvoxamine inhibits the CYP2C9 catalyzed biotransformation of tolbutamide. J Clin Pharmacol Ther 69:41–47
Preskorn SH (1990) The future and psychopharmacology: potentials and needs. Psychiatr Ann 20(suppl 11):625–633
Preskorn SH (1995b) Should rational drug development in psychiatry target more than one mechanism of action in a single molecule? Int Rev Psychaitry 7:17–28
Preskorn SH (1996) Clinical pharmacology of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Professional Communications, Caddo. www.preskorn.com
Preskorn SH (1999a) Defining “Is”. J Pract Psychiatry Behav Health 5:224–228. www.preskorn.com
Preskorn SH (1999b) Outpatient management of depression. Professional Communications, Caddo. www.preskorn.com
Preskorn SH, Ross R, Stanga CY (2004) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In: Preskorn SH et al (eds) Antidepressants: past, present and future. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 241–262
Shad MU, Preskorn SH (2000) Antidepressants. In: Levy RH, Thummel KE, Trager WF, Hansten PD, Eichelbaum M (eds) Metabolic drug interactions. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, pp 563–577
Trintellix (vortioxetine) [package insert] (2017) Lundbeck, Deerfield
Viibryd (vilazodone hydrochloride) [package insert] (2010) Trovis Pharmaceuticals LLC, New Haven
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lochmann, D., Richardson, T. (2018). Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors. In: Macaluso, M., Preskorn, S. (eds) Antidepressants. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 250. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2018_172
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2018_172
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-10948-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-10949-3
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)