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The Neuropharmacology of Alcohol pp 213–238Cite as

Cross-Species Alterations in Synaptic Dopamine Regulation After Chronic Alcohol Exposure

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Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 248))

Abstract

Alcohol use disorders are a leading public health concern, engendering enormous costs in terms of both economic loss and human suffering. These disorders are characterized by compulsive and excessive alcohol use, as well as negative affect and alcohol craving during abstinence. Extensive research has implicated the dopamine system in both the acute pharmacological effects of alcohol and the symptomology of alcohol use disorders that develop after extended alcohol use. Preclinical research has shed light on many mechanisms by which chronic alcohol exposure dysregulates the dopamine system. However, many of the findings are inconsistent across experimental parameters such as alcohol exposure length, route of administration, and model organism. We propose that the dopaminergic alterations driving the core symptomology of alcohol use disorders are likely to be relatively stable across experimental settings. Recent work has been aimed at using multiple model organisms (mouse, rat, monkey) across various alcohol exposure procedures to search for commonalities. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the effects of chronic alcohol use on the dopamine system by highlighting findings that are consistent across experimental setting and species.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by NIH grants U01 AA014091, R01 AA021099, P01 AA023299 (SRJ), T32 AA007565 (CAS, ANK, KMH, JRM), F31 DA037710, F32 MH111216, Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (CAS), K01 AA023874 (ANK), and F31 AA023144 (JRM).

Financial Disclosure: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA

    Cody A. Siciliano

  2. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA

    Anushree N. Karkhanis, Katherine M. Holleran, James R. Melchior & Sara R. Jones

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  1. Cody A. Siciliano
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  2. Anushree N. Karkhanis
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  3. Katherine M. Holleran
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  4. James R. Melchior
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  5. Sara R. Jones
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Correspondence to Sara R. Jones .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA

    Kathleen A. Grant

  2. Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    David M. Lovinger

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Siciliano, C.A., Karkhanis, A.N., Holleran, K.M., Melchior, J.R., Jones, S.R. (2018). Cross-Species Alterations in Synaptic Dopamine Regulation After Chronic Alcohol Exposure. In: Grant, K., Lovinger, D. (eds) The Neuropharmacology of Alcohol . Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 248. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2018_106

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