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Histamine and Histamine Receptors in Health and Disease pp 173–187Cite as

Histamine Clearance Through Polyspecific Transporters in the Brain

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Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 241))

Abstract

Histamine plays an important role as a neurotransmitter in diverse brain functions, and clearance of histamine is essential to avoid excessive histaminergic neuronal activity. Histamine N-methyltransferase, which is an enzyme in the central nervous system that metabolizes histamine, is localized to the cytosol. This suggests that a histamine transport process is essential to inactivate histamine. Previous reports have shown the importance of astrocytes for histamine transport, although neuronal histamine transport could not be ruled out. High-affinity and selective histamine transporters have not yet been discovered, although it has been reported that the following three polyspecific transporters transport histamine: organic cation transporter (OCT) 2, OCT3, and plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT). The K m values of human OCT2, OCT3, and PMAT are 0.54, 0.64, and 4.4 mM, respectively. The three transporters are expressed in the brain, and their regional distribution is different. Recent studies revealed the contribution of OCT3 and PMAT to histamine transport by primary human astrocytes. Several investigations using mice supported the importance of OCT3 for histamine clearance in the brain. However, further studies are required to elucidate the detailed mechanism of histamine transport in the brain.

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  1. Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan

    Takeo Yoshikawa & Kazuhiko Yanai

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  1. Takeo Yoshikawa
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Correspondence to Takeo Yoshikawa .

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  1. Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan

    Yuichi Hattori

  2. Institute of Pharmacology, Medical School of Hannover, Hannover, Germany

    Roland Seifert

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Yoshikawa, T., Yanai, K. (2016). Histamine Clearance Through Polyspecific Transporters in the Brain. In: Hattori, Y., Seifert, R. (eds) Histamine and Histamine Receptors in Health and Disease. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 241. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2016_13

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