Abstract
This paper presents a high level proposal for how a Local Reference Frame (LRF) could be implemented alongside the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) as part of a two-frame national geospatial reference system. By accounting for both local and global geodynamic effects using time-dependent transformations, the LRF can minimize the complexity that results when objects that are fixed with respect to the ground have continuously time-varying coordinates in a global frame.
The role of the national geospatial reference system, of which the reference frame is a core component, has changed. Whereas traditionally a national geodetic datum of the highest available precision has been required for accurate surveying and positioning, GNSS-derived positioning now provides easy access to precise global reference frames such as ITRF. However, the exponential growth of spatial data sets has created a need for a geospatial reference system providing coordinates that are “ground-fixed”. That is, the system provides coordinates that can be used to locate and relate physical features, and to align spatial data sets acquired at different times. This requires the definition of a LRF and reference epoch, with clear traceability to a global reference frame such as ITRF.
The ITRF has long been adopted as the most precise means of accessing a LRF using Precise Point Positioning (PPP) and global post-processing services, or for applications where the highest precision is required. However, transformation to the local frame has not always been carried out robustly, whether due to a lack of officially defined transformations or failure of systems to utilize time-dependent transformation parameters. Formal recognition of ITRF within a national spatial referencing system will support the increasingly broad range of users and applications utilizing high precision ITRF coordinates derived from absolute positioning, including rapidly emerging real-time PPP services and geodetic imaging techniques such as Lidar and InSAR.
While some of the implementation details will differ to reflect the local tectonic and legislative environment, the suggested framework could be used by any jurisdiction considering an updated approach to defining the reference frame in its national geospatial reference system.
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Acknowledgements
This work has been supported by the Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information, whose activities are funded by the Australian Commonwealth’s Cooperative Research Centres Programme.
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Donnelly, N., Crook, C., Stanaway, R., Roberts, C., Rizos, C., Haasdyk, J. (2015). A Two-Frame National Geospatial Reference System Accounting for Geodynamics. In: van Dam, T. (eds) REFAG 2014. International Association of Geodesy Symposia, vol 146. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/1345_2015_188
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1345_2015_188
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