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Highly Aligned Polymer Nanofiber Structures: Fabrication and Applications in Tissue Engineering

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Biomedical Applications of Polymeric Nanofibers

Part of the book series: Advances in Polymer Science ((POLYMER,volume 246))

Abstract

Many types of tissue in the body, such as nerve, muscle, tendon, ligament, bone, and blood vessels, rely on a highly organized microstructure in order to impart their desired functionality. Cell and extracellular matrix (ECM) alignment in these tissues allows for increased mechanical strength and cell communication. In tissue engineering, aligned polymer nanofibers can be used to take on the role of natural ECM fibers in order to provide mechanical strength, sites for cell attachment, and modulation of cell behavior via morphological cues. A wide variety of physical and electrostatic techniques are available for assembly of aligned nanofiber structures, and many of these structures have been evaluated as tissue engineering scaffolds. It is widely understood that aligned microstructure induces an aligned morphology in most cell types, but aligned nanofibrous topography also influences other cell behaviors such as differentiation, gene expression, and ECM deposition. With a greater understanding of aligned nanofiber scaffold fabrication techniques, and cell interactions with these scaffolds, researchers may be able to overcome current challenges and develop better strategies for regenerating aligned tissues.

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Acknowledgment

This work is supported by the grants from NIH (NS050243), NIH/NCRR (P20RR021949), and American Heart Association.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clemson-MUSC Bioengineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA

    Vince Beachley, Eleni Katsanevakis, Ning Zhang & Xuejun Wen

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA

    Ning Zhang

  3. Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA

    Xuejun Wen

  4. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA

    Xuejun Wen

  5. The Institute for Advanced Materials and Nano Biomedicine (iNANO), Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People’s Republic of China

    Xuejun Wen

Authors
  1. Vince Beachley
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  2. Eleni Katsanevakis
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  3. Ning Zhang
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  4. Xuejun Wen
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xuejun Wen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of, Amrita Center for, Cochin, 682041, India

    Rangasamy Jayakumar

  2. Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of, Amrita Center for, Cochin, 682041, India

    Shantikumar Nair

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Beachley, V., Katsanevakis, E., Zhang, N., Wen, X. (2011). Highly Aligned Polymer Nanofiber Structures: Fabrication and Applications in Tissue Engineering. In: Jayakumar, R., Nair, S. (eds) Biomedical Applications of Polymeric Nanofibers. Advances in Polymer Science, vol 246. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/12_2011_141

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