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Phosphorus Chemistry II pp 217–252Cite as

Carbon–Hydrogen to Carbon–Phosphorus Transformations

Part of the Topics in Current Chemistry book series (TOPCURRCHEM,volume 361)

Abstract

Literature published between 2008 and 2013 concerning the functionalization of carbon–hydrogen into carbon–phosphorus bonds is surveyed. The chapter is organized by reaction mechanism. The majority of methods still proceed via deprotonation of C–H into C–M (M=Li, Na, etc.) followed by reaction with a phosphorus electrophile P–X, where X is usually chlorine. A few examples of electrophilic aromatic substitution and related processes have also been reported, although this approach has not yet been developed significantly. Over the past 5 years a rapidly growing family of reactions includes transition metal “C–H activation” and formally related radical-based processes has been developed. The latter processes offer exciting prospects for the synthesis of organophosphorus compounds.

Keywords

  • C–H activation
  • Metallation
  • Phosphanyl
  • Phosphinyl
  • Phosphonyl
  • Phosphorus electrophiles
  • Radical reactions

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Scheme 1
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Scheme 48
Scheme 49

Abbreviations

Ac:

Acetyl

Ar:

Aryl

BIPHEP:

2,2′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-biphenyl

Bn:

Benzyl

Boc:

tert-Butoxycarbonyl

Boc2O:

Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate

Bp:

Boiling point

Bpy:

2,2′-Bipyridyl

BQ:

1,4-Benzoquinone

brsm:

Based on recovered starting material

Bu:

Butyl

Bz:

Benzoyl

CAN:

Ceric ammonium nitrate

cat:

Catalyst

concd:

Concentrated

Cy:

Cyclohexyl

d:

Day(s)

(DHQD)2PYR:

Hydroquinidine-2,5-diphenyl-4,6-pyrimidinediyl diether

DMF:

Dimethylformamide

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

DOPO:

6H-Dibenzo[c, e][1,2]oxaphosphorine 6-oxide

dppe:

Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane

dppf:

1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene

dppm:

Bis(diphenylphosphino)methane

ee :

Enantiomeric excess

equiv.:

Equivalent(s)

Et:

Ethyl

h:

Hour(s)

i-Pr:

Isopropyl

KHMDS:

Potassium hexamethyldisilazide potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide

LDA:

Lithium diisopropylamide

LHMDS:

Lithium hexamethyldisilazide lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide

Me:

Methyl

Mes:

Mesityl 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl (not methanesulfonyl)

min:

Minute(s)

mol:

Mole(s)

MTBE:

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Nu:

Nucleophile

Oct:

n-Octyl

Ph:

Phenyl

Pr:

Propyl

py:

Pyridine

rt:

Room temperature

s:

Second(s)

s-Bu:

sec-Butyl

t-Bu:

tert-Butyl

THF:

Tetrahydrofuran

THP:

Tetrahydropyran, tetrahydropyranyl

TMEDA:

N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylethylenediamine

TMS:

Trimethylsilyl

Tol:

4-Methylphenyl

Tr:

Triphenylmethyl (trityl)

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    Jean-Luc Montchamp

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    Jean-Luc Montchamp

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Montchamp, JL. (2014). Carbon–Hydrogen to Carbon–Phosphorus Transformations. In: Montchamp, JL. (eds) Phosphorus Chemistry II. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 361. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/128_2014_558

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