Abstract
In this paper, we propose a watermarking algorithm working directly on JPEG bit-stream. The algorithm embeds watermark bits by modifying de-quantized DC coefficients. By improving an existing embedding method for watermark bit, the quality of the watermarked image can be improved greatly while keeping the same robustness of the original method. Further more, we analyze the performance of the watermarking algorithm against re-quantization and recompression. We give the relationship among the watermarking strength, the quality factor of JPEG compression and the BER (Bit Error Rate) of the watermark. Experiment results support the analysis. Compared with several JPEG-based algorithms in literature, the robustness to JPEG recompression of the proposed algorithm is better than most of them when recompression quality factor is above 30.
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© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Liu, H., Fu, H., Huang, J. (2006). A Watermarking Algorithm for JPEG File. In: Zhuang, Y., Yang, SQ., Rui, Y., He, Q. (eds) Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2006. PCM 2006. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4261. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11922162_38
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11922162_38
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-48766-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48769-2
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