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Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Vol. 167 pp 45–65Cite as

Glial Calcium Signalling in Alzheimer’s Disease

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Part of the book series: Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology ((REVIEWS,volume 167))

Abstract

The most accredited (and fashionable) hypothesis of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer Disease (AD) sees accumulation of β-amyloid protein in the brain (in both soluble and insoluble forms) as a leading mechanism of neurotoxicity. How β-amyloid triggers the neurodegenerative disorder is at present unclear, but growing evidence suggests that a deregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis and deficient Ca2+ signalling may represent a fundamental pathogenic factor. Given that symptoms of AD are most likely linked to synaptic dysfunction (at the early stages) followed by neuronal loss (at later and terminal phases of the disease), the effects of β-amyloid have been mainly studied in neurones. Yet, it must be acknowledged that neuroglial cells, including astrocytes, contribute to pathological progression of most (if not all) neurological diseases. Here, we review the literature pertaining to changes in Ca2+ signalling in astrocytes exposed to exogenous β-amyloid or in astrocytes from transgenic Alzheimer disease animals models, characterized by endogenous β-amyloidosis. Accumulated experimental data indicate deregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis and signalling in astrocytes in AD, which should be given full pathogenetic consideration. Further studies are warranted to comprehend the role of deficient astroglial Ca2+ signalling in the disease progression.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Fondazione Cariplo (grant 2008-2319 to AAG) and by MiUR (PRIN 2010-2011; SynAD) to AAG. AV was supported by the Alzheimer’s Research Trust (UK), by European Commission, by IKERBASQUE, and by a research grant of Nizny Novgorod State University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Bovio 6, 28100, Novara, Italy

    Dmitry Lim, Virginia Ronco, Ambra A. Grolla & Armando A. Genazzani

  2. Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    Alexei Verkhratsky

  3. Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain

    Alexei Verkhratsky

  4. University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022, Russia

    Alexei Verkhratsky

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  1. Dmitry Lim
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  2. Virginia Ronco
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  3. Ambra A. Grolla
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  4. Alexei Verkhratsky
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  5. Armando A. Genazzani
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Alexei Verkhratsky or Armando A. Genazzani .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Cell. and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Leuven, Belgium

    Bernd Nilius

  2. Medizinische Fakultät Walther-Straub-Ins, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany

    Thomas Gudermann

  3. Chemistry, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysica, Göttingen, Germany

    Reinhard Jahn

  4. Universität Marburg Inst. Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Marburg, Germany

    Roland Lill

  5. Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany

    Stefan Offermanns

  6. Cardiff University School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom

    Ole H. Petersen

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Lim, D., Ronco, V., Grolla, A.A., Verkhratsky, A., Genazzani, A.A. (2014). Glial Calcium Signalling in Alzheimer’s Disease. In: Nilius, B., Gudermann, T., Jahn, R., Lill, R., Offermanns, S., Petersen, O. (eds) Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Vol. 167. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, vol 167. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/112_2014_19

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