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Syngas Biorefinery and Syngas Utilization

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Biorefineries

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 166))

Abstract

Autotrophic acetogenic bacteria are able to capture carbon (CO or CO2) through gas fermentation, allowing them to grow on a spectrum of waste gases from industry (e.g., steel manufacture and oil refining, coal, and natural gas) and to produce ethanol. They can also consume syn(thesis) gas (CO and H2) made from the gasification of renewable/sustainable resources, such as biomass and domestic/agricultural waste. Acetogenic gas fermentation can, therefore, produce ethanol in any geographic region without competing for food or land. The commercialization of the process is now at an advanced stage. The real potential of acetogens, however, resides in their capacity to produce chemicals and fuels other than ethanol. This requires the redesign and implementation of more efficient metabolic pathways, adapting them to high performing manufacturing processes. Respective species, their bioenergetics, the genetic tools developed for their metabolic engineering, culture techniques and fermenter set-ups, as well as the commercialization, are comprehensively described and discussed in this chapter.

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Acknowledgments

Work in the authors’ laboratories was funded by the ERA-Net IB 5 project CO2CHEM. Work in PD’s laboratory was supported by grants from the BMBF Gas-Fermentation project (FKZ 031A468A), the ERA-IB 3 project REACTIF (FKZ 22029612), the MWK-BW project Nachhaltige und effiziente Biosynthesen (AZ 33-7533-6-195/7/9), and the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development, and demonstration under grant agreement no 311815 (SYNPOL project). Work in NPM’s laboratory was additionally funded by the BBSRC sLoLa GASCHEM (Grant no. BB/K00283X/1), the BBSRC/EPSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre (Grant no. BB/L013940/1), and a BBSRC China Partnership Award (Grant no. BB/L01081X/1). LanzaTech thanks the following investors in its technology: Sir Stephen Tindall, Khosla Ventures, Qiming Venture Partners, Softbank China, the Malaysian Life Sciences Capital Fund, Mitsui, Primetals, CICC Growth Capital Fund I, L.P., and the New Zealand Superannuation Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. LanzaTech, 8045 Lamon Avenue, Suite 400, Skokie, IL, 60077, USA

    Sashini De Tissera, Michael Köpke & Sean D. Simpson

  2. BBSRC/EPSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre (SBRC), School of Life Sciences, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK

    Christopher Humphreys & Nigel P. Minton

  3. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany

    Peter Dürre

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  1. Sashini De Tissera
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    Kurt Wagemann

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Aachen, Jülich, Germany

    Nils Tippkötter

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De Tissera, S., Köpke, M., Simpson, S.D., Humphreys, C., Minton, N.P., Dürre, P. (2017). Syngas Biorefinery and Syngas Utilization. In: Wagemann, K., Tippkötter, N. (eds) Biorefineries. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 166. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2017_5

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