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Physiologic Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Hemodynamics and Microcirculation

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Handbook on Hyperbaric Medicine

Abstract

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in the pressure range used for therapeutic purposes induces haemodynamic changes both at the macro- and micro circulatory levels. In normal subjects, systemic haemodynamic changes mainly concern the heart rate (an effect related to both the barometric and the oxygen pressures). Arterial blood pressure tends to increase slightly. Cardiac output is maintained or moderately decreased due to compensating responses which may fail in patients with pre-existing cardiac failure. At the microcirculatory level, HBO causes vasoconstriction with a decrease in microcirculatory blood flow but with no decrease of oxygen pressure in the tissues. This hyperoxic vasoconstriction does not appear in previously hypoxic areas where the microcirculatory blood flow remains unchanged. Consequently, oxygen pressure in the tissues increase to levels close to normal. The reappearance of cyclic vasomotion seems to indicate an improvement in the local metabolic condition. The haemodynamic and microcirculatory effects of HBO appear to be effective in compensating ischemic conditions, particularly in cases of heterogeneous microcirculatory hypoperfusion

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Mathieu, D., Favory, R., Collet, F., Linke, JC., Wattel, F. (2006). Physiologic Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Hemodynamics and Microcirculation. In: Mathieu, D. (eds) Handbook on Hyperbaric Medicine. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4448-8_6

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