Geochronology
In coastal research, the terms “geochronology” or “geochronostratigraphy are used to determine timescales for coastal processes and coastal evolution utilizing relative stratigraphic techniques (morpho-, pedo-, bio-, lithostratigraphy) and absolute dating methods. Relative and absolute temporal scales and dating methods complement each other.
In the 1980s and 1990s, applications of the absolute dating of coastal forms, sediments, and processes were improved, new dating methods were established, and the precision and accuracy of existing age determination methods were considerably increased. Numerous texts describe dating techniques in Quaternary sciences in detail (e.g., Smart and Frances, 1991; Wagner, 1998).
Conventional and mass spectrometric radiocarbon dating methods, as well as 230Thorium/234 Uranium isotope, and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) age determination methods are the most commonly used absolute dating techniques in coastal research (Table G1). The...
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Coastal Engineering (See Shore Protection Structures and Navigation Structures)
Computer Simulation Models (See Coastal Modeling and Simulation)
Engineering Applications of Coastal Geomorphology
Instrumentation (See Beach and Nearshore Instrumentation)
Numerical Modeling
Physical Models
Sediment Transport (See Cross-Shore Sediment Transport and Longshore Sediment Transport)
Surf Modeling
Wave Climate
Waves
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Cross-references
Coral Reefs, Emerged
Isostasy
Sea-Level Indicators, Geomorphic
Uplift Coasts
Cross-references
Altimeter Surveys, Coastal Tides and Shelf Circulation
Geographic Information Systems
Global Positioning Systems
Photogrammetry
Remote Sensing: Wetlands Classification
Sea-Level Datums (See Tidal Datums)
Tide gauges
Cross-references
Airborne Laser Terrain Mapping and Light Detection and Ranging
Erosion: Historical Analysis and Forecasting
Global Positioning Systems
Instrumentation (See Beach and Nearshore Instrumentation)
Mapping Shores and Coastal Terrain
Monitoring, Coastal Geomorphology
Nearshore Geomorphological Mapping
Photogrammetry
RADARSAT-2
Remote Sensing of Coastal Environments
Synthetic Aperture Radar Systems
Cross-references
Beachrock
Changing Sea Levels
Classification of Coasts (see Holocene Coastal Geomorphology)
Coral Reefs
Glaciated Coasts
Holocene Coastal Geomorphology
Ice-Bordered Coasts
Mangroves, Geomorphology
Weathering in the Coastal Zone
Cross-references
Bioengineered Shore Protection
Capping of Contaminated Coastal Areas
History, Coastal Geomorphology
Navigation Structures
Shore Protection Structures
Cross-references
Boulder Barricades
Changing Sea Levels
Climate Patterns in the Coastal Zone
Gravel Barriers
Ice-Bordered Coasts
Paraglacial Coasts
Cross-references
Airborne Laser Terrain Mapping and Light Detection and Ranging
Erosion: Historical Analysis and Forecasting
Geographic Information Systems
Instrumentation (See Beach and Nearshore Instrumentation)
Mapping Shores and Coastal Terrain
Monitoring, Coastal Geomorphology
Nearshore Geomorphological Mapping
Photogrammetry
RADARSAT-2
Remote Sensing of Coastal Environments
Synthetic Aperture Radar Systems
Cross references
Changing Sea Levels
Classification of Coasts (See Holocene Coastal Geomorphology)
Coastal Subsidence
Demography of Coastal Populations
Deltas
Dikes
Global Warming, Effect (See Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming)
Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
Natural Hazards
Sea-Level Rise, Effect
Small Islands Wetlands
Cross-reference
Beach Sediment Characteristics
Changing Sea Levels
Drift and Swash Alignments
Gravel Beaches
Paraglacial Coasts
Reflective Beaches
Sediment Budget
Cross-references
Beach Sediment Characteristics
Cross-Shore Sediment Transport
Dynamic Equilibrium of Beaches
Gravel Barriers
Longshore Sediment Transport
Cross-references
Changing Sea Levels
Climate Patterns in the Coastal Zone
Coastal Climate
Coastal Temperature Trends
Demography of Coastal Populations
El Niño-Southern Oscillation
Eustacy
Meteorologic Effects on Coasts
Sea-Level Changes During the Last Millenium
Sea-Level Rise, Effect
Cross-references
Continental Shelves
Energy and Sediment Budgets of the Global Coastal Zone
Longshore Sediment Transport
Navigation Structures
Net Transport
Sediment Budget
Sediment Transport (See Cross-Shore Sediment Transport and Longshore Sediment Transport)
Waves
1._Cross-references
Beach Stratigraphy
Coastal Sedimentary Facies
Hydrology of the Coastal Zone
Instrumentation (See Beach and Nearshore Instrumentation)
Monitoring Coastal Geomorphology
Paleocoastlines
Sequence Stratigraphy
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Schellmann, G. et al. (2005). G. In: Schwartz, M.L. (eds) Encyclopedia of Coastal Science. Encyclopedia of Earth Science Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_7
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