Abstract
Nowadays, more than 100 constructed wetlands are in operation in Poland. Most of them are one-stage wetland systems with horizontal subsurface flows. Such constructed wetlands ensure efficient removal of organic matter (BOD5, CODCr) and suspended solids, but the efficiency of removal of nitrogen compounds in many cases is insufficient. In the period from 1995 to 2003, measurements of removal of contaminations in 11 household pilot units and 4 community plants equipped with one-stage horizontal flow beds, as well as in 4 community plants equipped with hybrid reed wetland systems composed of HF-CW (constructed wetlands with horizontal flow) and VF-CW (constructed wetlands with vertical flow) filters, were carried out. It was found that sufficient removal of organic matter (70–90 %) took place in the HF filters. The removal of nitrogen took place in VF beds and HF beds (denitrification) applied as a second and third stage of primary hybrid treatment. The removal of nitrogen was limited by the efficiency of the nitrification process in VF beds in wetland systems.
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Obarska-Pempkowiak, H., Gajewska, M. (2005). Recent Developments in Wastewater Treatment in Constructed Wetlands in Poland. In: Omelchenko, A., Pivovarov, A.A., Swindall, W.J. (eds) Modern Tools and Methods of Water Treatment for Improving Living Standards. NATO Science Series, vol 48. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3116-5_22
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3116-5_22
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