Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Immunologically-mediated toxin-induced renal disease

  • Chapter
Clinical Nephrotoxins

  • 260 Accesses

Conclusion

There is still a long way to go before all the mechanisms responsible for drug-induced immune kidney lesions will be explained. However, the notion that T-cell activation in addition to T-cell receptor-MHC peptide interactions also requires a tissue environment is an important concept for better understanding immunopathogenic mechanisms. For example, it is noteworthy that a toxic effect of the drugs on the kidney may initiate an immune response because they promote the presentation of haptenized determinants or even of self-peptides in inflammatory conditions. Th1 cells and probably Th2 cells may be pathogenic even if the effectors responsible for the lesions may be different. For example, in some patients, eosinophils, probably activated by Th2 cells could be pathogenic. Some drugs, such as hydralazine or heavy metals behave as T-cell polyclonal activators, which is sufficient for, or contributes to, the development of autoimmunity at least in some genetic backgrounds.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Gallucci S, Matzinger P. Danger signals: SOS to the immune system. Curr Opin Immunol 2001; 13: 114–119.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Inaba K, Turley S, Iyoda T, Yamaide F, Shimoyama S, Reis e Sousa C, Germain RN, Mellman I, Steinman RM. The formation of immunogenic major histocompatibility complex class II-peptide ligands in lysosomal compartments of dendritic cells is regulated by inflammatory stimuli. J Exp Med 2000; 191: 927–936.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Manome H, Aiba S, Tagami H. Simple chemicals can induce maturation and apoptosis of dendritic cells. Immunology 1999; 98: 481–490.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Pollard KM, Lee DK, Casiano CA, Bluthner M, Johnston MM, Tan EM. The autoimmunity-inducing xenobiotic mercury interacts with the autoantigen fibrillarin and modifies its molecular and antigenic properties. J Immunol 1997; 158: 3521–3528.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Kubicka-Muranyi M, Kremer J, Rottmann N, Lubben B, Albers R, Bloksma N, Luhrmann R, Gleichmann E. Murine systemic autoimmune disease induced by mercuric chloride: T helper cells reacting to self proteins. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1996; 109: 11–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Mamula MJ, Lin R-H, Janeway Jr CA. Breaking T-cell tolerance with foreign and self co-immunogens A study of autoimmune B and T-cell epitopes of cytochrome c. J Immunol 1992; 149: 789–795.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Weiss RA, Madaio MP, Tomaszewski JE, Kelly CJ. T-cells reactive to an inducible heat shock protein induce disease in toxin-induced interstitial nephritis. J Exp Med 1994; 180: 2239–2250.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Katz-Levy Y, Neville KL, Girvin AM, Vanderlugt CL, Pope JG, Tan LJ, Miller SD. Endogenous presentation of self myelin epitopes by CNS-resident APCs in Theiler’s virus-infected mice. J Clin Invest 1999; 104: 599–610.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Griem P, Gleichmann E. Metal ion-induced autoimmunity. Curr Opin Immunol 1995; 7: 831–838.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Griem P, Panthel K, Kalbacher H, Gleichmann E. Alteration of a model antigen by Au(III) leads to T-cell sensitization to cryptic peptides. Eur J Immunol. 1996; 26: 279–287.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Griem P, von Vultee C, Panthel K, Best SL, Sadler PJ, Shaw CF, 3rd. T-cell cross-reactivity to heavy metals: identical cryptic peptides may be presented from protein exposed to different metals. Eur J Immunol 1998; 28: 1941–1947.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Kalluri R, Cantley LG, Kerjaschki D, Neilson EG. Reactive oxygen species expose cryptic epitopes associated with autoimmune goodpasture syndrome. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 20027–20032.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Stockinger B. T lymphocyte tolerance: from thymic deletion to peripheral control mechanisms. Adv Immunol 1999; 71: 229–265.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Klein L, Kyewski B. “Promiscuous” expression of tissue antigens in the thymus: a key to T-cell tolerance and autoimmunity? J Mol Med 2000; 78: 483–494.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Buer J, Lanoue A, Franzke A, Garcia C, von Boehmer H, and Sarukhan A. Interleukin 10 secretion and impaired effector function of major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted T-cells anergized in vivo. J Exp Med 1998; 187: 177–183.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Bucy RP, Xu XY, Li J, and Huang G. Cyclosporin A-induced autoimmune disease in mice. J Immunol 1993; 151: 1039–1050.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Dustin ML, Cooper JA. The immunological synapse and the actin cytoskeleton: molecular hardware for T-cell signaling. Nat Immunol 2000; 1: 23–29.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Montes M, McIlroy D, Hosmalin A, Trautmann A. Calcium responses elicited in human T-cells and dendritic cells by cell-cell interaction and soluble ligands. Int Immunol 1999; 11: 561–568.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Goldman M, Druet P. The TH1/TH2 concept and its relevance to renal disorders and transplantation immunity. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995; 10: 1282–1284.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Abbas AK, Murphy KM, Sher A. Functional diversity of helper T lymphocytes. Nature 1996; 383: 787–793.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. MacKay CR. Follicular homing T helper (Th) cells and the Th1/Th2 paradigm. J Exp Med 2000; 192: F31–F34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Glimcher LH, Murphy KM. Lineage commitment in the immune system: the T helper lymphocyte grows up. Genes Dev. 2000; 14: 1693–1711.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Fournié GJ, Cautain B, Xystrakis E, Damoiseaux J, Mas M, Lagrange D, Bernard I, Subra JF, Pelletier L, Druet P, Saoudi A. Cellular and genetic factors involved in the difference between Brown-Norway and Lewis rats to develop respectively type-2 and type-1 immune mediated responses. Immunol Rev. 2001; 184: 145–160.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Grogan JL, Mohrs M, Harmon B, Lacy DA, Sedat JW, Locksley RM. Early transcription and silencing of cytokine genes underlie polarization of T helper cell subsets. Immunity 2001; 14: 205–215.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Holdsworth SR, Kitching AR, Tipping PG. Th1 and Th2 T helper cell subsets affect patterns of injury and outcomes in glomerulonephritis. Kidney Int 1999; 55: 1198–1216.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Heeger PS, Smoyer WE, Saad T, Albert S, Kelly CJ, Neilson EG. Molecular analysis of the helper T-cell response in murine interstitial nephritis. T-cells recognizing an immunodominant epitope use multiple T-cell receptor V β genes with similarities across CDR3. J Clin Invest 1994; 94: 2084–2092.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Saoudi A, Castedo M, Nochy D., Mandet C, Pasquier R, Druet P, Pelletier L. Self reactive anti-class II Th2 cell lines derived from gold salt-injected rats trigger B cell polyclonal activation and transfer autoimmunity in CD8-depleted normal syngeneic recipients. Eur J Immunol 1995; 25: 1972–1979.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Powell TJ, Streilein JW. Neonatal tolerance induction by class II alloantigens activates IL-4 secreting, tolerogen-responsive T-cells. J Immunol 1990; 144: 854–859.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Schurmans S, Heusser CH, Qin H-Y, Merino J, Brighouse G, Lambert P-H. In vivo effects of anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody on neonatal induction of tolerance and on an associated autoimmune syndrome. J Immunol 1990; 145: 2465–2473.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Coudert JD, Foucras G, Demur C, Coureau C, Mazerolles C, Delsol G, Druet P, Guery JC. Lethal host-versus-graft disease and hypereosinophilia in the absence of MHC I-T-cell interactions. J Clin Invest 2000; 105: 1125–1132.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Cho BS, Yoon SR, Jang JY, Pyun KH, Lee CE. Up-regulation of interleukin-4 and CD23/FcepsilonRII in minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 1999; 13: 199–204.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Yap HK, Cheung W, Murugasu B, Sim SK, Seah CC, and Jordan SC. Th1 and Th2 cytokine mRNA profiles in childhood nephrotic syndrome: evidence for increased IL-13 mRNA expression in relapse. J Am Soc Nephrol 1999; 10: 529–537.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Ruotsalainen V, Ljungberg P, Wartiovaara J, Lenkkeri U, Kestila M, Jalanko H, Holmberg C, Tryggvason K. Nephrin is specifically located at the slit diaphragm of glomerular podocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96: 7962–7967.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Shih NY, Li J, Karpitskii V, Nguyen A, Dustin ML, Kanagawa O, Miner JH, Shaw AS. Congenital nephrotic syndrome in mice lacking CD2-associated protein. Science 1999; 286: 312–315.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Togawa A, Miyoshi J, Ishizaki H, Tanaka M, Takakura A, Nishioka H, Yoshida H, Doi T, Mizoguchi A, Matsuura N, Niho Y, Nishimune Y, Nishikawa Si, Takai Y. Progressive impairment of kidneys and reproductive organs in mice lacking Rho GDIα. Oncogene 1999; 18: 5373–5380.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Kaplan JM, Kim SH, North KN, Rennke H, Correia LA, Tong HQ, Mathis BJ, Rodriguez-Perez JC, Allen PG, Beggs AH, Pollak MR. Mutations in ACTN4, encoding α-actinin-4, cause familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nat Genet 2000; 24: 251–256.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Pavenstadt H. Roles of the podocyte in glomerular function. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2000; 278: F173–F179.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Johnson RJ. New insights into the pathogenesis of proteinuria. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 36: 214–219.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Putaala H, Soininen R, Kilpelainen P, Wartiovaara J, Tryggvason K. The murine nephrin gene is specifically expressed in kidney, brain and pancreas: inactivation of the gene leads to massive proteinuria and neonatal death. Hum Mol Genet 2001; 10: 1–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Koukouritaki SB, Vardaki EA, Papakonstanti EA, Lianos E, Stournaras C, Emmanouel DS. TNF-α induces actin cytoskeleton reorganization in glomerular epithelial cells involving tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin and focal adhesion kinase. Mol Med 1999; 5: 382–392.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Doublier S, Ruotsalainen V, Salvidio G, Lupia E, Biancone L, Conaldi PG, Reponen P, Tryggvason K, Camussi G. Nephrin redistribution on podocytes is a potential mechanism for proteinuria in patients with primary acquired nephrotic syndrome. Am J Pathol 2001; 158: 1723–1731.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. van den Berg JG, Aten J, Chand MA, Claessen N, Dijkink L, Wijdenes J, Lakkis FG, Weening JJ. Interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 act on glomerular visceral epithelial cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11: 413–422.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Ravnskov U. Glomerular, tubular and interstitial nephritis associated with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Evidence of a common mechanism. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 47: 203–210.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Bosquet S, Descombes E, Gauthier T, Fellay G, Regamey C. Nephrotic syndrome during lithium therapy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997; 12: 2728–2731.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Luimula P, Ahola H, Wang SX, Solin ML, Aaltonen P, Tikkanen I, Kerjaschki D, Holthofer H. Nephrin in experimental glomerular disease. Kidney Int 2000; 58: 1461–1468.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Wooley PH, Griffin J, Panayi GS, Batchelor JR, Welsh KI, Gibson TJ. HLA-DR antigens and toxic reaction to sodium aurothiomalate and D-penicillamine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med 1980; 303: 300–302.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Emery P, Panayi GS, Huston G, Welsh KL, Mitschell SC, Shah RR, Idle JR, Smith RL, Waring RH. D-penicillamine induced toxicity in rheumatoid arthritis: the role of sulphoxidation status and HLA-DR3. J Rheum 1984; 11: 626–632.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Neilson EG. Interstitial nephritis: another kissing disease? J Clin Invest 1999; 104: 1671–1672.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Pelletier L, Druet P. Immunologically-mediated toxin induced renal diseases. In: Clinical nephrotoxins-renal injury from drugs and chemicals. De Broe ME, Porter GA, Bennett WM, Verpooten GA (editors). Kluwer Academic Publ, Dordrecht 1998; p. 31–38.

    Google Scholar 

  50. De Vriese AS, Robbrecht DL, Vanholder RC, Vogelaers DP, Lameire NH. Rifampicin-associated acute renal failure: pathophysiologic, immunologic, and clinical features. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 31: 108–115.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Pospishil YO, Antonovych TM. NSAIDs associated nephropathy. Pol J Pathol 1998; 49: 35–39.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Makino H, Haramoto T, Sasaki T, Hironaka K, Shikata K, Takahashi K, Ota Z. Massive eosinophilic infiltration in a patient with the nephrotic syndrome and drug-induced interstitial nephritis. Am J Kidney Dis 1995; 26: 62–67.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Dharnidharka VR, Rosen S, Somers MJ. Acute interstitial nephritis presenting as presumed minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 1998; 12: 576–578.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Yawalkar N, Hari Y, Frutig K, Egli F, Wendland T, Braathen LR, Pichler WJ. T-cells isolated from positive epicutaneous test reactions to amoxicillin and ceftriaxone are drug specific and cytotoxic. J Invest Dermatol 2000; 115: 647–652.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Brugnolo F, Annunziato F, Sampognaro S, Campi P, Manfredi M, Matucci A, Blanca M, Romagnani S, Maggi E, Parronchi P. Highly Th2-skewed cytokine profile of β-lactam-specific T-cells from nonatopic subjects with adverse drug reactions. J Immunol 1999; 163: 1053–1059.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Padovan E, von Greyerz S, Pichler WJ, Weltzien HU. Antigen-dependent and-independent IFN-γ modulation by penicillins. J Immunol 1999; 162: 1171–1177.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Deckers JG, De Haij S, van der Woude FJ, van der Kooij SW, Daha MR, van Kooten C. IL-4 and IL-13 augment cytokine-and CD40-induced RANTES production by human renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro. J Am Soc Nephrol 1998; 9: 1187–1193.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Kretz-Rommel A, Duncan SR, Rubin RL. Autoimmunity caused by disruption of central T-cell tolerance. A murine model of drug-induced lupus. J Clin Invest 1997; 99: 1888–1896.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Kretz-Rommel A, Rubin RL. Persistence of autoreactive T-cell drive is required to elicit anti-chromatin antibodies in a murine model of drug-induced lupus. J Immunol 1999; 162: 813–820.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Kretz-Rommel A, Rubin RL. A metabolite of the lupus-inducing drug procainamide prevents anergy induction in T-cell clones. J Immunol 1997; 158: 4465–4470.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Cornacchia E, Golbus J, Maybaum J, Strahler J, Hanash S, Richardson B. Hydralazine and procainamide inhibit T-cell DNA methylation and induce autoreactivity. J Immunol 1988; 140: 2197–2200.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Richardson B, Powers D, Hooper F, Yung RL, O’Rourke K. Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 overexpression and T-cell autoreactivity. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37: 1363–1372.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Yung R, Powers D, Johnson K, Amento E, Carr D, Laing T, Yang J, Chang S, Hemati N, Richardson B. Mechanisms of drug-induced lupus. II. T-cells overexpressing lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 become autoreactive and cause a lupuslike disease in syngeneic mice. J Clin Invest 1996; 97: 2866–2871.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Rao T, Richardson B. Environmentally induced autoimmune diseases: potential mechanisms. Environ Health Perspect 1999; 107(S5): 737–742.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Quddus J, Johnson K, Gavalchin J, Amento E, Chrisp C, Yung R, Richardson B. Treating activated CD4+ T-cells with either of two distinct methyltransferase inhibitors, 5-azacytidine or procainamide, is sufficient to cause a lupus-like disease in syngeneic mice. J Clin Invest 1993; 92: 38–46.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Yung RL, Quddus J, Chrisp CE, Johnson KJ, Richardson BC. Mechanisms of drug-induced lupus I. Clones Th2 cells modified with DNA methylation inhibitors in vitro cause autoimmunity in vivo. J Immunol 1995; 154: 3025–3035.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Nan X, Ng HH, Johnson CA, Laherty CD, Turner BM, Eisenman RN, Bird A. Transcriptional repression by the methyl-CpG-binding protein MeCP2 involves a histone deacetylase complex. Nature 1998; 393: 386–389.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Bird JJ, Brown DR, Mullen AC, Moskowitz NH, Mahowald MA, Sider JR, Gajewski TF, Wang CR, Reiner SL. Helper T-cell differentiation is controlled by the cell cycle. Immunity 1998; 9: 229–237.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Pietsch P, Vohr HW, Degitz K, Gleichmann E. Immunopathological signs inducible by mercury compounds. II. HgCl2 and gold sodium thiomalate enhance serum IgE and IgG concentrations in susceptible mouse strains. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immun 1989; 90: 47–53.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Ochel M, Vohr H-W, Pfeiffer C, Gleichmann E. IL-4 is required for the IgE and IgG1 increase and IgG1 autoantibody formation in mice treated with mercuric chloride. J Immunol 1991; 146: 3006–3011.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Badou A, Saoudi A, Dietrich G, Druet E, Druet P, Pelletier L. Mercuric chloride-induced autoimmunity. Curr Prot Immunol 1999; 15: 1–18.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Tournade H, Pelletier L, Pasquier R, Vial M-C, Mandet C, Druet P. D-penicillamine-induced autoimmunity in Brown Norway rats: similarities with HgCl2-induced autoimmunity. J Immunol 1990; 144: 2985–2991.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Tournade H, Guéry J-C, Pasquier R, Vial MC, Mandet C, Druet E, Dansette PM, Druet P, Pelletier L. Effect of the thiol group on experimental gold-induced autoimmunity. Arthritis Rheum 1991; 34: 1594–1599.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Mathieson PW, Stapleton KJ, Oliveira DBG, Lockwood CM. Immunoregulation of mercuric chloride-induced autoimmunity in Brown Norway rats: a role for CD8+ T-cells revealed by in vivo depletion studies. Eur J Immunol 1991; 21: 2105–2109.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Fillion J, Baccala R, Kuhn J, Druet P, Bellon B. Evidence for heterogenous TCRVβ expression in mercury-induced autoimmune disorders in rats. Int Immunol 1997; 9: 263–271.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Savignac M, Badou B, Delmas C, Subra JF, De Cramer S, Paulet P, Cassar G, Druet P, Saoudi A, Pelletier L. Gold is a T-cell polyclonal activator in BN and LEW rats but favors IL-4 expression only in autoimmune prone BN rats. Eur J Immunol 2001; 31: 2266–2276.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Cantrell D. T-cell antigen receptor signal transduction pathways. Ann Rev Immunol 1996; 14: 259–274.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Prigent P, Saoudi A, Pannetier C, Graber P, Bonnefoy Y, Druet P, Hirsch F. Mercuric chloride, a chemical responsible for Th2-mediated autoimmunity in Brown-Norway rats, directly triggers T-cells to produce IL-4. J Clin Invest. 1995; 96: 1484–1489.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Saoudi A, Guery JC, De Baets M. Is pathogenic humoral autoimmunity a Th1 response? Immunol Today 2000; 21: 306–307.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Subra JF, Cautain B, Xystrakis E, Mas M, Lagrange D, van Der Heijden H, van De Gaar MJ, Druet P, Fournie GJ, Saoudi A, Damoiseaux J. The balance between cd45rc (high) and cd45rc (low) cd4 T-cells in rats is intrinsic to bone marrow-derived cells and is genetically controlled. J Immunol 2001; 166: 2944–2952.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Badou A, Savignac M, Moreau M, Leclerc C, Pasquier R, Druet P, Pelletier L. HgCl2-induced IL-4 gene expression in T-cells involves protein kinase C-dependent calcium influx through L-type calcium channels. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 32411–32418.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Badou A, Savignac M, Moreau M, Leclerc C, Foucras G, Druet P, Guéry JC, Pelletier L. Weak T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation induces a calcium signal that triggers IL-4 synthesis while MAP kinases are activated for stronger TCR engagement and control IFNg production. Eur J Immunol. 2001; 2487–2496.

    Google Scholar 

  83. Savignac M, Badou A, Moreau M, Leclerc C, Guery JC, Paulet P, Druet P, Ragab-Thomas J, Pelletier L. Protein kinase C-mediated calcium entry dependent upon dihydropyridine sensitive channels: a T-cell receptor-coupled signaling pathway involved in IL-4 synthesis. Faseb J 2001; 15: 1577–1579.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Pelletier L, Pasquier R, Rossert J, Vial M-C, Mandet C, Druet P. Autoreactive T-cells in mercury-induced autoimmunity. Ability to induce the autoimmune disease. J Immunol 1988; 140: 750–754.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Erb KJ, Ruger B, von Brevern M, Ryffel B, Schimpl A, Rivett K. Constitutive expression of interleukin (IL)-4 in vivo causes autoimmune-type disorders in mice. J Exp Med 1997; 185: 329–339.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Roos A, Claessen N, Weening JJ, Aten J. Enhanced T lymphocyte expression of LFA-1, ICAM-1, and the TNF receptor family member OX40 in HgCl2-induced systemic autoimmunity. Scand J Immunol 1996; 43: 507–518.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Field AC, Caccavelli L, Fillion J, Kuhn J, Mandet C, Druet P, Bellon B. Neonatal induction of tolerance to T(h)2-mediated autoimmunity in rats. Int Immunol 2000; 12: 1467–1477.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Kermarrec N, Dubay C, De Gouyon B, Blanpied C, Gauguier D, Gillespie K, Druet P, Lathrop M, Hirsch F. Serum IgE concentration and other immune manifestations of treatment with gold salts are linked to MHC and IL-4 regions in the rat. Genomics 1996; 31: 111–114.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Mas M, Subra JF, Lagrange D, Pilipenko-Appolinaire S, Gauguier D, Druet P, Fournié GJ. Quantitative trait locus analysis of immune responsiveness to gold salt in a F2 cohort of (Lewis x Brown Norway) rats identifies a new major susceptibility locus for IgE response on chromosome 9. Eur J Immunol 2000; 30: 1698–1705.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Marsh DG, Neely JD, Breazeale DR, Ghosh B, Freidhoff LR, Ehrlich-Kautzky E, Schou C, Krishnaswamy G, Beaty TH. Linkage analysis of IL4 and other chromosome 5q31.1 markers and total serum IgE concentrations. Science 1994; 264: 1152–1156.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Dahlman I, Jacobsson L, Glaser A, Lorentzen JC, Andersson M, Luthman H, Olsson T. Genome-wide linkage analysis of chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the rat identifies a major susceptibility locus on chromosome 9. J Immunol 1999; 162: 2581–2588.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Roth MP, Viratelle C, Dolbois L, Delverdier M, Borot N, Pelletier L, Druet P, Clanet M, and Coppin H. A genome-wide search identifies two susceptibility loci for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis on rat chromosomes 4 and 10. J Immunol 1999; 162: 1917–1922.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Smoyer WE, Mundel P. Regulation of podocyte structure during the development of nephrotic syndrome. J Mol Med 1998; 76: 172–183.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Turner CE. Paxillin interactions. J Cell Sci 2000; 113: 4139–4140.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CHU Purpan, INSERM, Toulouse, France

    Lucette Pelletier, Magali Savignac & Philippe Druet

Authors
  1. Lucette Pelletier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Magali Savignac
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Philippe Druet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Antwerp, Belgium

    Marc E. de Broe

  2. Department of Medicine, The Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA

    George A. Porter

  3. Northwest Renal Clinic, Legacy Good Samaritan Hospital, Portland, Oregon, USA

    William M. Bennett

  4. Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Antwerp, Belgium

    Gert A. Verpooten

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pelletier, L., Savignac, M., Druet, P. (2003). Immunologically-mediated toxin-induced renal disease. In: de Broe, M.E., Porter, G.A., Bennett, W.M., Verpooten, G.A. (eds) Clinical Nephrotoxins. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2586-6_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2586-6_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-1277-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-2586-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation