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Glucose Sensing pp 89–115Cite as

Implantable Concanavlin a Based Sensors for Interstitial Fluid Glucose Sensing in Diabetics

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Part of the book series: Topics in Fluorescence Spectroscopy ((TIFS,volume 11))

Abstract

Currently, 6.2% of the United States population has been diagnosed with diabetes1. Of the estimated 17 million diabetics, 90% of them are insulin resistant2. Diabetes is commonly split into two categories depending on the cause of the disease. Type 1 diabetes, traditionally termed juvenile, is marked by a failure of the B-cells in the endocrine portion of the pancreas to properly synthesize insulin resulting in improper control of blood glucose levels. Type 2 diabetes, traditionally classified as late onset, develops when organs and cells in the body become immune to native insulin resulting in dramatic oscillations in blood sugar2–4. Type 1 diabetics regulate their blood sugar by either consuming a glucose rich food, if blood sugar is low (< 70 mg/dL) or intravenously injecting insulin if blood sugar is too high (> 150 mg/dL)1. Type 2 diabetics, being resistant to insulin therapy, must regulate their blood sugar through dietary control and through the aid of commercially available drug treatments1. All diabetics are recommended to monitor their blood sugar often to avoid immediate threats attributed to high or low blood sugar such as dizziness, coma, or even death5. New research has shown that continuous monitoring of blood sugar with tight blood glucose control (as close to normal as possible, 70–150 mg/dL) can substantially reduce the risk of developing afflictions associated with prolonged misregulation of blood sugar5. These afflictions include kidney, liver, and heart disease, amputations due to poor circulation and blindness due to retinopathy5.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843

    Bennett L. Ibey & Gerard L. Coté

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802

    Michael V. Pishko

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  1. Bennett L. Ibey
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Institute of Fluorescence Medical Biotechnology Center, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Baltimore, Maryland

    Chris D. Geddes

  2. Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

    Joseph R. Lakowicz

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Ibey, B.L., Pishko, M.V., Coté, G.L. (2006). Implantable Concanavlin a Based Sensors for Interstitial Fluid Glucose Sensing in Diabetics. In: Geddes, C.D., Lakowicz, J.R. (eds) Glucose Sensing. Topics in Fluorescence Spectroscopy, vol 11. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-33015-1_4

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