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Cell Cycle Activation in Neurons

The Final Exit of Brain-Morpho-Dysregulation

  • Chapter
Cell-Cycle Mechanisms and Neuronal Cell Death

Part of the book series: Neuroscience Intelligence Unit ((NIU.LANDES))

Conclusions

Taken together, in multicellular organisms, cell number is regulated spatially by extracellular signals through cell interactions controlling proliferation and survival in local neighbourhoods. Instructions from neighbouring cells can induce cell proliferation, differentiation or death. These stimuli include cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion, growth factors, cytokines, neuropeptides and mechanical factors. Signals from G-protein-coupled receptors, tyrosine ki-nase receptors and integrins cooperate to integrate information from multiple stimuli that regulate cell cycle progression. To allow for a regulation of these processes a tight link is necessary between cell attachement mechanisms and control of proliferation and differentiation, i.e., the cell cycle machinery.

Contrary to most other cells that make up a multicellular organism, neurons use the molecular circuitry developed to sense their relationship to other cells to reorganize their connectivity according to the requirements for information processing within a cellular network. This puts neurons on the permanent risk to erroneously convert signals derived from plastic synaptic changes into positional cues that will activate the cell cycle. Maintaining neurons in a differentiated but still highly plastic phenotype will, thus, be the challenge to prevent neurodegeneration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

    Thomas Arendt

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  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

    Agata Copani M.D., Ph.D.

  2. Department of Human Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy

    Ferdinando Nicoletti M.D.

  3. I.N.M. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy

    Ferdinando Nicoletti M.D.

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Arendt, T. (2005). Cell Cycle Activation in Neurons. In: Copani, A., Nicoletti, F. (eds) Cell-Cycle Mechanisms and Neuronal Cell Death. Neuroscience Intelligence Unit. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-29390-6_1

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