Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Third-Generation Coronary MRA Techniques and Other New Techniques

  • Chapter
Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography

  • 187 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Wang S, Hu B, Macovski A, Nishimura D. Coronary angiography using fast selective inversion recovery. Magn Reson Med 1991;18:417–23.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Edelman RR, Siewert B, Adamis M, Gaa J, Laub G, Wielopolski P. Signal targeting with alternating radiofrequency (STAR) sequences: application to MR angiography. Magn Reson Med 1994;31:233–38.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Edelman RB, Wielopolski P, Schmitt F. Echo-planar MR imaging. Radiology 1994;192:600–12.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Wielopolski PA, Manning WJ, Edelman RE. Single breathhold volumetric imaging of the heart using magnetizationprepared 3-dimensional segmented echo-planar imaging. J Magn Reson Imag 1995;5(4):403–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Wielopolski P, vanGeuns RJ, deFeyter PJ, Oudkerk M. Breath-hold coronary MR angiography with volume targeted imaging. Radiology 1998;209:209–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Börnert P, Jensen D. Coronary artery imaging at 0.5 T using segmented 3D echo planar imaging. Magn Reson Med 1995;34:779–85.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Pearlman JD, Edelman RE. Ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging: segmented TurboFLASH, echo-planar, and realtime nuclear magnetic resonance. Radiol Clin North Am 1994;32(3):593–612.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. McKinnon GC. Ultrafast interleaved gradient-echo-planar imaging on a standard scanner. Magn Reson Med 1993;30: 609–16.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Börnert P. 3D-EPI-imaging of the proximal coronary arteries at 0.5 T (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts of the Third Meeting of the Society of Magnetic Resonance (SMR) and the Twelfth Annual Scientific Meeting of the European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology (ESMRMB). Nice, France, August 20–25, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Botnar RM, Stuber M, Kissinger KV, Manning WJ. Isotropic free-breathing 3D coronary MRA (abstr.). In: Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Second Meeting, January 22–24, 1999. Atlanta, 1999:89.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Botnar RM, Stuber M, Kissinger KV, Manning WJ. A fast 3D approach for coronary MRA (abstr.). In: Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Second Meeting, January 22–24, 1999. Atlanta, 1999:80.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Botnar R, Stuber M, Kissinger KV, Danias PG, Manning WJ. Free-breathing 3D coronary MRA with a fast TFE-EPI acquisition technique (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts and Proceedings of the Seventh Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM). Philadelphia, May 22–23, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hu BS, Meyer CH, Macosvki A. Multislice spiral magnetic resonance coronary angiography (#371) (abstr.). In: Printed Program of the Second Meeting of the Society of Magnetic Resonance (SMR). San Francisco, August 6–12, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Brittain JH, Hu BS, Wright GA, Meyer CH, Macovski A, Nishimura DG. Multislice coronary angiography with muscle and venous suppression (#367) (abstr.). In: Printed Program of the Second Meeting of the Society of Magnetic Resonance (SMR). San Francisco, August 7–12, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Irarrazabel P, Sachs T, Meyer C, Brittain J, Nishimura D. Fast volumetric imaging of the heart (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts of the Third Meeting of the Society of Magnetic Resonance (SMR) and the Twelfth Annual Scientific Meeting of the European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology (ESMRMB). Nice, France, August 20–25, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hu BS, Meyer CH, Macovski A, Nishimura DG. Multislice spiral magnetic resonance coronary angiography (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts of the Fourth Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM). New York, April 27–May 3, 1996; Vol. 1:671.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Sodickson DK, Manning WJ. Simultaneous acquisition of spatial harmonics (SMASH): fast imaging with radiofrequency coil arrays. Magn Reson Med 1997;38(4):591–603.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Jakob PM, Griswold MA, Edelman RR, Manning WJ, Sodickson DK. Cardiac imaging with SMASH (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998 (paper #16). Sydney, Australia, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Sodickson DK, Stuber M, Botnar RM, Kissinger KV, Manning WJ. SMASH real-time cardiac imaging at echocardiographic frame rates (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts and Proceedings of the Seventh Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM). Philadelphia, May 22–28, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Sodickson DK, Stuber M, Botnar RM, Kissinger KV, Manning WJ. Accelerated coronary MR angiography in volunteers and patients using double-oblique 3D acquisitions combined with SMASH (abstr.). In: Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Second Meeting, January 22–24, 1999. Atlanta, Georgia, 1999:81.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Jakob PM, Griswold MA, Edelman RR, Sodickson DK. AUTO-SMASH: a self-calibrating technique for SMASH imaging. SiMultaneous Acquisition of Spatial Harmonics. Magma 1998;7(1):42–54.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Weiger M, Scheidegger MB, Pruessmann KP, Boesiger P. Cardiac real-time acquisition using coil sensitivity encoding (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998 (paper #803). Sydney, Australia, 1998; Vol. 2:803.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Weiger M, Pruessmann KP, Boesiger P, Scheidegger MB. Accelerated cardiac breathhold imaging using coil sensitivity encoding (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998 (paper #799). Sydney, Australia, 1998; Vol. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Weiger M, Pruessmann KP, Boesiger P. High performance cardiac real-time imaging using SENSE (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts and Proceedings of the Seventh Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM). Philadelphia, May 22–23, 1999; Vol. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Wielopolski PA, vanGeuns RJM, deFeyter PJ, Oudkerk M. VCATS (volume coronary arteriography using targeted scans), MR coronary angiography using breath-hold volume targeted acquistions (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998 (paper #14). Sydney, Australia, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kessler W, Achenbach S, Moshage W, Ropers D, Laub G. Coronary arteries: three-dimensional breath-hold MR angiography using a gadolinium-enhanced ultrafast gradientecho technique (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998 (paper # 315). Sydney, Australia, 1998; Vol. 1:315.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Goldfarb JW, Edelman RR. Coronary arteries: breath-hold, gadolinium-enhanced, three-dimensional MR angiography. Radiology 1998;206(3):830–34.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. vanGeuns RJM, Wielopolski PA, Rensing B, debruin HG, defeyter PJ, Oudkerk M. Clinical evaluation of breath-hold MR coronary angiography using targeted volumes (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998 (paper #324). Sydney, Australia, 1998; Vol. 1:324.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Hardy CJ, Darrow RD, Pauly JM, et al. Interactive coronary MRI. Magn Reson Med 1998;40(1):105–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Hardy CJ. Real-time cardiovascular MR imaging. In: Reiber JHC, vanderWall EE, ed. What’s New in Cardiovascular Imaging? Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998:207–19.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Deshpande V, Laub G, Simonetti O, et al. 3-D MR coronary artery imaging using magnetization-prepared True-FISP (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts of the First International Workshop on Coronary MR & CT Angiography. Lyon, France, October 1–3, 2000. Organized and published by the North American Society for Cardiac Imaging. Reprinted in Inter J Card Imag 2000;16.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Prince MR, Yucel EK, Kaufman JA, Harrison DC, Geller SC. Dynamic gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional abdominal MR arteriography. J Magn Reson Imag 1993;3: 877–81.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Prince MR. Gadolinium-enhanced MR aortography. Radiology 1994;191:155–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Prince MR, Naraskmham DL, Stanley JC, et al. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography of abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 1995;21:656–69.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Prince MR, Naraskmham DL, Jacoby WT, et al. Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography of the thoracic aorta. Am J Roentgenol 1996;166:1387–97.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Prince MR, Arnoldus C, Frisoli JK. Nephrotoxicity of highdose gadolinium compared with iodinated contrast. J Magn Reson Imag 1996;1:162–66.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Cloft HJ, Murphy KJ, Prince MR, Brunberg JA. 3D gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography of the carotid arteries. Magn Reson Imag 1996;14(6):593–600.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Johnson DB, Lerner CA, Prince MR, et al. GadolLinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography of renal transplants. Magn Reson Imag 1997;15(1):13–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Meaney JF, Prince MR, Nostrant TT, Stanley JC. Gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography of visceral arteries in patients with suspected chronic mesenteric ischemia. J Magn Reson_Imag 1997;7(1):171–76.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Foo TK, Saranathan M, Prince MR, Chenevert TL. Automated detection of bolus arrival and initiation of data acquisition in fast, three-dimensional, gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography. Radiology 1997;203(1):275–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Prince MR, Narisimham DL, Stanley JC, et al. Breath-hold gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography of the abdominal aorta and its major branches. Radiology 1995;197:785–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Ho VB, Foo TKF, Arai AE, Wolff SD. Gadolinium-enhanced two-dimensional coronary MR angiography using an automated contrast bolus detection algorithm (MR smartprep) (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998 (paper #19). Sydney, Australia, 1998 (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  43. van Rossum AC, Galjee MA, Post JC, Visser CA. A practical approach to MRI of coronary artery bypass graft patency and flow. Int J Card Imag 1997;13(3):199–204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Vrachliotis TG, Aliabadi D, Bis KG, Shetty AN, London J, Farah J. Breath-hold electrocardiogram-triggered, contrast-enhanced, 3D MR angiography to evaluate patency of coronary artery bypass graft (abstr.). Radiology 1996;201(P):273.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Vrachliotis TG, Bis KG, Aliabadi D, Shetty AN, Safian R, Simonetti O. Contrast-enhanced breath-hold MR angiography for evaluating patency of coronary artery bypass grafts. Am J Roentgenol 1997;168(4):1073–80.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Duerinckx AJ, Urman M, Sinha U, Atkinson D, Simonetti O. Evaluation of gadolinium-enhanced MR coronary angiography (abstr.). In: Seventy-ninth Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). Chicago, November 28-December 3, 1993; Radiology 1993;189(P):278.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Stillman AE, Wilke N, Li D, Haacke EM, McLachlan SJ. MRA of renal and coronary arteries using an intravascular contrast agent (abstr.). In: Printed Program of the Second Meeting of the Society of Magnetic Resonance (SMR). San Francisco, California, August 6–12: 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Saeed M, Wendland MF, Engelbrecht M, Sakuma H, Higgins CB. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in the coronary and peripheral arteries. Acad Radiol 1998;5 Suppl 1:S108–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Taylor AM, Panting JR, Keegan J, et al. Safety and preliminary findings with the intravascular contrast agent NC100150 injection for MR coronary angiography. J Magn Reson Imag 1999;9(2):220–27.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Li D, Dolan RP, Walovitch RC, Lauffer RB. Three-dimensional MRI of coronary arteries using an intravascular contrast agent. Magn Reson Med 1998;39(6):1014–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Li D, Zheng J, Weinmann H-J, et al. Comparison of intravascular and extravascular contrast agents in coronary artery imaging. (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998. Sydney, Australia:1998;Vol 1:17.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Stuber M, Botnar RM, McConnell MV, et al. Coronary artery imaging with the intravascular contrast agent MS-325. (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998. Sydney, Australia: 1998;Vol 1:316.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Sakuma H, Goto M, Nomura Y, Kato N, Takeda K, Higgins CB. Three-dimensional coronary magnetic resonance angiography with injection of extracellular contrast medium. Invest Radiol 1999;34(8):503–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Stuber M, Botnar RM, Danias PG, et al. Contrast agentenhanced, free-breathing, three-dimensional coronary magnetic resonance angiography. J Magn Reson Imag 1999;10(5):790–99.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Zheng J, Bae KT, Woodard PK, Haacke EM, Li D. Efficacy of slow infusion of gadolinium contrast agent in three-dimensional MR coronary artery imaging. J Magn Reson Imag 1999;10(5):800–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Goldfarb JW, Edelman RR. Coronary arteries: breath-hold, gadolinium-enhanced, three-dimensional MR angiography. Radiology 1998;206(3):830–34.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. deBruin HG, vanGeuns RJM, Wielopolski PA, deFeyter PJ, Oudkerk M. Improvement of magnetic resonance imaging of the coronary arteries with a clinically available intravascular contrast agent (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts of the First International Workshop on Coronary MR & CT Angiography. Lyon, France, October 1–3, 2000. Organized and published by the North American Society for Cardiac Imaging. Reprinted in Int J Card Imag 2000;16.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Kessler W, Laub G, Achenbach S, Ropers D, Moshage W, Daniel WG. Coronary arteries: MR angiography with fast contrast-enhanced three-dimensional breath-hold imaging-initial experience. Radiology 1999;210(2):566–72.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Kruger DG, Busse RF, Johnston DL, Ritman EL, Ehman RL, Riederer SJ. Contrast-enhanced 3D MR breathhold imaging of porcine coronary arteries using fluoroscopic localization and bolus triggering. Magn Reson Med 1999; 42(6):1159–65.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Kessler W, Laub G, Ropers D, Achenbach S, Moshage W, Bachmann K. Contrast-enhanced 3D breath-hold MRA for the visualization of the coronary arteries in oblique projection angiograms (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998. Sydney, Australia, 1998; Vol. 1:317.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Taylor AM, Panting JR, Gatehouse PD, et al. Safety and preliminary findings with an intravascular contrast agent, NC100150 for MR coronary angiography (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998. Sydney, Australia, 1998; Vol. 1:18.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Kerr AB, Pauly JM, Hu BS, et al. Real-time interactive MRI on a conventional scanner. Magn Reson Med 1997;38(3): 355–67.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Spielman DM, Pauly JM, Meyer CH. Magnetic resonance fluoroscopy using spirals with variable sampling densities. Magn Reson Med 1995;34(3):388–94.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Hardy CJ, Curwen RW, Darrow RD. Robust coronary MRI by spiral fluoroscopy with adaptive averaging (abstr.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), April 18–24, 1998 (paper #22). Sydney, Australia, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  65. Hangiandreou NJ, Debbins JP, Rossman PJ, Riederer SJ. Interactive selection of optimal section orientations using real-time MRI. J Magn Reson Imag 1995;34:114–19.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Chien D, Heid O, Simonetti O, Laub G. New developments in ultrafast and interactive cardiac MR by Siemens Medical Systems (abstr.). In: Twenty-sixth Annual Meeting of the North American Society for Cardiac Imaging. Dallas, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Weiger M, Pruessmann KP, Boesiger P. High performance cardiac real-time imaging using SENSE (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts and Proceedings of the Seventh Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM). Philadelphia, May 22–23, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Sodickson DK, Stuber M, Botnar RM, Kissinger KV, Manning WJ. SMASH real-time cardiac imaging at echocardiographic frame rates. (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts and Proceedings of the Seventh Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM). Philadelphia, May 22–28, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Bundy JM, Laub G, Kim R, Finn JP, Simonetti OP. Realtime data acquisition for LV function (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts and Proceedings of the Seventh Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM). Philadelphia, May 22–23, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Stuber M, Botnar RM, Danias PG, Kissinger KV, Manning WJ. Breathold three-dimensional coronary magnetic resonance angiography using real-time navigator technology. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 1999;1(3):233–38.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Slavin GS, Riederer SJ, Ehman RL. Two-dimensional multishot echo-planar coronary MR angiography. Magn Reson Med 1998;40(6):883–89.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Meyer CH, Hu BS, Yang PC, et al. Spiral cardiac imaging with high-performance gradients (abstr.). In: Book of Abstracts and Proceedings of the Seventh Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM). Philadelphia, PA, May 22–23, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Foo TK, Ho VB, Hood MN. Vessel tracking: prospective adjustment of section-selective MR angiographic locations for improved coronary artery visualization over the cardiac cycle. Radiology 2000;214(1):283–89.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Danias PG, Stuber M, Botnar RM, Kissinger KV, Chuang ML, Manning WJ. Navigator assessment of breath-hold duration: impact of supplemental oxygen and hyperven-tilation. Am J Roentgenol 1998;171(2):395–97.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. van Geuns RJ, Wielopolski PA, de Bruin HG, et al. MR coronary angiography with breath-hold targeted volumes: preliminary clinical results. Radiology 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Book of Abstracts of the Second Workshop on Coronary MR & CT Angiography, Sept 29–Oct 2, 2001, Chicago, IL. Organized and published by the North American Society for Cardiac Imaging. Reprinted in Int J Card Imag 2001;17:5.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Deshpande VS, Shea SM, McCarthy R, Laub G, Simonetti O, Finn JP, Li D. Update on MR 3D True-FISP coronary artery imaging (abstr.). Presented at the Second Workshop on Coronary MR & CT Angiography, Sept 29–Oct 2, 2001, Chicago, IL. Published by the North American Society for Cardiac Imaging in the Inter J Card Imag 2001;17:5.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. André J. Duerinckx
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. VA North Texas Healthcare System, TX 75216, USA

    André J. Duerinckx MD, PhD (Chief of Radiology Service, Professor of Radiology and Medicine) (Chief of Radiology Service, Professor of Radiology and Medicine)

  2. University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, TX 75235, USA

    André J. Duerinckx MD, PhD (Chief of Radiology Service, Professor of Radiology and Medicine) (Chief of Radiology Service, Professor of Radiology and Medicine)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Duerinckx, A.J. (2002). Third-Generation Coronary MRA Techniques and Other New Techniques. In: Duerinckx, A.J. (eds) Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-21590-5_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-21590-5_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-94959-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-21590-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation