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Fibroblast Growth Factors and Their Receptors in Metastases of Prostate and Other Urological Cancers

  • Chapter
Growth Factors and their Receptors in Cancer Metastasis

Part of the book series: Cancer Metastasis - Biology and Treatment ((CMBT,volume 2))

Abstract

Theraputical options for advanced carcinoma of the prostate, bladder or kidney are limited. Therefore it is important to understand their invasion and metastasis, processes in which fibroblast growth factors play an important role. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is expressed in androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU-145 and in some clinical specimens. During progression of prostate cancer, the expression of the FGF receptor 2 isoform IIIb, which preferentially binds keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) decreases and the expression of the isoform IIIc, which preferentially binds bFGF increases. A similar phenomenon was observed in bladder cancer. Several FGFs are proposed to act as andromedins, proteins that mediate the effects of androgens in target tissues: FGF-7 (KGF), FGF-8 and FGF-10. In prostate and bladder cancer, FGFs regulate tumour metastases by induction of the matrix metalloproteinase promatrilysin. Matrix metalloproteinases degrade extracellular matrix proteins and their expression is elevated in prostate cancer cells. bFGF is strongly expressed in invasive bladder cancers in which it promotes angiogenesis. bFGF levels in bladder cancer are down-regulated by administration of interferon-alpha. bFGF and aFGF are frequently elevated in urine of bladder and renal cancer patients. There is a strong association between urinary bFGF and clinical parameters in bladder cancer. In renal cancer, it was shown that the transfection of bFGF cDNA leads to an increased invasiveness and formation of metastatic nodules.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, University of Innsbruck, Austria

    Zoran Culig, Marcus V. Cronauer, Alfred Hobisch, Georg Bartsch & Helmut Klocker

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  2. Marcus V. Cronauer
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  1. University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas

    C. R. Snyder

  2. University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK

    Wen G. Jiang

  3. University of Osaka Medical School, Osaka, Japan

    Kunio Matsumoto  & Toshikazu Nakamura  & 

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Culig, Z., Cronauer, M.V., Hobisch, A., Bartsch, G., Klocker, H. (2001). Fibroblast Growth Factors and Their Receptors in Metastases of Prostate and Other Urological Cancers. In: Snyder, C.R., Jiang, W.G., Matsumoto, K., Nakamura, T. (eds) Growth Factors and their Receptors in Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Metastasis - Biology and Treatment, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48399-8_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48399-8_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

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