Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Photosynthetic Nitrogen Assimilation and Associated Carbon and Respiratory Metabolism pp 227–238Cite as

Regulation of Carbon and Nitrogen Assimilation Through Gene Expression

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 12))

Summary

Regulation of the partitioning of nitrogen (N) into proteins is an important mechanism whereby plants can alter metabolism to adjust or acclimate to changes in N availability. Alterations in N assimilation brought about by changes in N availability require regulation of other metabolic processes and re-allocation of nutrients. This requires the mutual coordination and complementation of metabolism and allocation throughout the plant by shuttling substrates, metabolites, and signals. The control of the C/N interaction is particularly important since these elements are abundant in plants and provide the skeletons and moieties for most of the building biomolecules. As a signaling pathway to communicate between plants and their nutritional environment, the ‘His-Asp phosphorelay,’ concept originally called ‘two-component system,’ has recently been proposed in higher plants. This chapter focuses on the recent advances that have uncovered genes and mechanisms responsible for the regulation of N partitioning into the machinery of C and N assimilation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aoki H and Ida S (1994) Nucleotide sequence of a rice root ferrcdoxin-NADP+ reductase cDNA and its inductionby nitrate. Biochim Biophys Acta 1183: 552–556

    Google Scholar 

  • Arp WJ, Mierlo JEM, Berendse F and Snijders E (1998) Interactions between elevated carbon dioxide concentration, nitrogen and water: Effects on growth and water use of six perennial plant species. Plant Cell Environ 21: 1–11

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett MJ, Lightfoot DA and Cullimore JV (1989) cDNA sequence and differential expression of the gene encoding the glutamine synthetase γ-polypeptide of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Plant Mol Biol 12: 553–565

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brandstatter I and Kieber JJ (1998) Two genes with similarity to bacterial response regulators are rapidly and specifically induced by cytokinin in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 10: 1009–1019

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown RH (1978) A difference in N use efficiency in C3 and C4 plants and its implications in adaptation and evolution. Crop Sci 18: 93–98

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Callaci JJ and Smarrelli JJ (1991) Regulation of the inducible nitrate reductase isoform from soybeans. Biochim Biophys Acta 1008: 127–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Champigny M-L and Foyer C (1992) Nitrate activation ofcytosolic protein kinases diverts photosynthetic carbon from sucrose to amino acid biosynthesis. Plant Physiol 100: 7–12

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng C-L, Dewdney J, Kleinhofs A and Goodman HM (1986) Cloning and nitrate induction of nitrate reductase mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75: 6110–6114

    Google Scholar 

  • Chevalier C, Bourgeois E, Just D and Raymond P (1996) Metabolic regulation of asparagine synthetase gene expression in maize (Zea mays L.) root tips. Plant J 9: 1–11

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chollet R, Vidal J and O‘Leary MH (1996) Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase: A ubiquitous, highly regulated enzyme in plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 47: 273–298

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cock JM, Mould RM, Bennett MJ and Cullimore JV (1990) Expression of glutamine synthetase genes in roots and nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris following changes in the ammonium supply and infection with various Rhizobium mutants. Plant Mol Biol 14: 549–560

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Crawford NM (1995) Nitrate: Nutrient and signal for plant growth. Plant Cell 7: 859–868

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Crawford NM, Campbell WH and Davis RW (1986) Nitrate reductase from squash: cDNA cloning and nitrate regulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 8073–8076

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crété P, Caboche M and Meyer C (1997) Nitrite reductase expression is regulated at the post-translational level by nitrogen source in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 11: 625–634

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davis KM and King GA (1993) Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone for a harvest induced asparagine synthetase from Asparagus officinalis L. Plant Physiol 102: 1337–1340

    Google Scholar 

  • Deng M-D, Moureaux T, Cherel I, Boutin J-P and Caboche M (1991) Effects of nitrogen metabolites on the regulation and circadian expression of tobacco nitrate reductase. Plant Physiol Biochem 29: 239–247

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doddema H and Telkamp GP (1979) Uptake of nitrate by mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana disturbed in uptake or reduction of nitrate. Physiol Plant 45: 332–338

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ernes MJ and Fowler MW (1983) The supply of reducing power for nitrite reduction in plastids of seedling pea roots (Pisum sativum L.). Planta 158: 97–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Forde BG and Clarkson DT (1999) Nitrate and ammonium nutrition of plants: Physiological and molecular perspectives. Advances in Botanical Research, Vol 30, pp 1–90, Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Foyer CH, Noctor G, Lelandais M, Lescure JC, Vadadier MH, Boutin JP and Horton P (1994) Short-term effects of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium assimilation on photosynthesis, carbon partitioning and protein phosphorylation in maize. Planta 192: 211–220

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Givan CV, Joy KW and Kleczkowski LA (1988) A decade of photorespiratory nitrogen cycling. Trends Biochem Sci 13: 433–437

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Glass ADM, Shaff JE and Kochian LV (1992) Studies of the uptake of nitrate in barley. Plant Physiol 99: 456–463

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin TW (1980) The Biochemistry of the Carotenoids. Chapman and Hall, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Gowri G, Kenis JD, Ingemarsson B, Redinbaugh MG and Campbell WH (1992) Nitrate reductase transcript is expressed in the primary response of maize to environmental nitrate. Plant Mol Biol 18: 55–64

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goyal SS and Huffaker RC (1986) A novel approach and a fully automated microcomputer-based system to study kinetics of NO −3 , NO −2 and NH +4 transport simultaneously by intact wheat seedlings. Plant Cell Environ 9: 209–215

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirel B, Bouet C, King B, Layzell D, Jacobs F and Verma DPS (1987) Glutamine synthetase genes are regulated by ammonia provided externally or by symbiotic nitrogen fixation. EMBO J 5: 1167–1171

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoff T, Truong H-N and Caboche M (1994) The use of mutants and transgenic plants to study nitrate assimilation. Plant Cell Environ 17: 489–506

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huber JL, Huber SC, Campbell WH and Redinbaugh MG (1992) Reversible light/dark modulation of spinach leaf nitrate reductase activity involves protein phosphorylation. Arch Biochem Biophys 296: 58–65

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huber SC and Huber JL (1996) Role and regulation of sucrose-phosphate synthase in higher plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 47: 431–444

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huppe HC and Turpin DH (1994) Integration of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in plant and algal cells. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 45: 577–607

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Imamura A, Hanaki N, Nakamura A, Suzuki T, Taniguchi M, Kiba T, Ueguchi C, Sugiyama T and Mizuno T (1999) Compilation and characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana response regulators implicated in His-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction. Plant Cell Physiol 40: 733–742

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Inoue T, Higuchi M, Hashimoto Y, Seki M, Kobayashi M, Kato T, Tabata S, Shinozak K and Kokimoto T (2001) Identification of CRE1 as a cytokinin receptor from Arabidopsis. Nature 409: 1060–1063

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Joy KW, Ireland RJ and Lea PJ (1983) Asparagine synthesis in pea leaves, and the occurrence of an asparagine synthetase inhibitor. Plant Physiol 73: 165–168

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WM and Huber SC (1994) Posttranslational regulation of nitrate reductase in higher plants. Plant Physiol 106: 817–821

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamachi K, Yamaya T, Mae T and Ojima K (1991) A role for glutamine synthetase in the remobilization of leaf nitrogen during natural senescence in rice leaves. Plant Physiol 96: 411–417

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kawakami N and Watanabe A (1988) Senescence-specific increase in cytosolic glutamine synthetase and its mRNA in radish cotyledons. Plant Physiol 88: 1430–1434

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kleinhofs A and Warner RL (1990) Advances in nitrate assimilation. In: Miflin BJ and Lea PJ (eds) The Biochemistry of Plants, Vol 16, pp 89–120, Academic Press, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  • Koch KE (1996) Carbohydrate-modulated gene expression in plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 47: 509–540

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koch KE (1997) Molecular crosstalk and the regulation of C-and N-responsive genes. In: Foyer C and Quick P (eds) A Molecular Approach to Primary Metabolism in Plants, pp 105–124, Taylor and Francis Inc. London

    Google Scholar 

  • Krapp A, Hofmann B, Schäfer C and Stitt M (1993) Regulation of the expression of rbcS and other photosynthetic genes by carbohydrates: A mechanism for the’ sink regulation’ of photosynthesis? Plant J 3: 817–828

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lam H-M, Peng SS-Y and Coruzzi GM (1994) Metabolic regulation of the gene encoding glutamine-dependent asparagine synthetase in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol 106: 1347–1357

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lam H-M, Coschigano K, Schultz C, Melo-Oliveira R, Tjaden G, Oliveira I, Ngai N, Hsieh M-H and Coruzzi G (1995) Use of Arabidopsis mutants and genes to study amide amino acid biosynthesis. Plant Cell 7: 887–898

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lauter F-R, Ninnemann O, Bucher M, Riesmeier JW and Frommer WB (1996) Preferential expression of an ammonium transporter and of two putative nitrate transporters in root hairs of tomato. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 8139–8144

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leustek T, Smith M, Murillo M, Singh DP, Smith AG, Woodcock SC, Awan SJ and Warren MJ (1997) Siroheme biosynthesis in higher plants: Analysis of an S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferase from Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem 272: 2744–2752

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lin Y and Cheng C-L (1997) A chlorate-resistant mutant defective in the regulation of nitrate reductase gene expression in Arabidopsis defines a new HY locus. Plant Cell 9: 21–35

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lu J-L, Ertl JR and Chen C-M (1992) Transcriptional regulation of nitrate reductase mRNA levels by cytokinin-abscisic acid interactions in etiolated barley leaves. Plant Physiol 98: 1255–1260

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacKintosh RW and MacKintosh C (1993) Regulation of plant metabolism by reversible protein (serine/threonine) phosphorylation. In: Battey NH, Dickinson HG and Hetherington AM (ed) Post-Translational Modifications in Plants, pp 197–212. Cambridge University Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Marschner M (1995) Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Matsumura T, Sakakibara H, Nakano R, Kimata Y, Sugiyama T and Hase T (1997) A nitrate-inducible ferredoxin in maize roots: Genomic organization and differential expression of two non-photosynthetic ferredoxin isoproteins. Plant Physiol 114: 653–660

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McNally SF, Hirel B, Gadal P, Mann F and Stewart GR (1983) Glutamine synthetases of higher plants. Plant Physiol 72: 22–25

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melzer JM, Kleinhofs A and Warner RL (1989) Nitrate reductase regulation: Effects of nitrate and light on nitrate reductase mRNA accumulation. Mol Gen Genet 217: 341–346

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miao G-H, Hirel B, Marsolier MC, Ridge RW and Verma DPS (1991) Ammonia-regulated expression of a soybean gene encoding cytosolic glutamine synthetase in transgenic Lotus corniculatus. Plant Cell 3: 11–22

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miflin BJ and Lea PJ (1980) Ammonia Assimilation. In: Walker JM (ed) The Biochemistry of Plants, Vol 5, pp 169–202, Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Migge A and Becker TW (1996) In tobacco leaves, the genes encoding the nitrate-reducing or the ammonium-assimilating enzymes are regulated differently by external nitrogen-sources. Plant Physiol Biochem 34: 665–671

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mizuno T (1998) His-Asp phosphotransfer signal transduction. J Biochem (Tokyo) 123: 555–563

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nimmo HG (1993) The regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase by reversible phosphorylation. In: Battey NH, Dickinson HG and Hetherington AM (ed) Post-Translational Modifications in Plants, pp 161–170. Cambridge University Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohnishi J and Kanai R (1983) Differentiation of photorespiratory activity between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells of C4 plants I. Glycine oxidation by mitochondria. Plant Cell Physiol 24: 1411–1420

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Plumley FG and Schmidt GW (1989) Nitrogen-dependent regulation of photosynthetic gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 2678–2682

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quesada A, Krapp A, Trueman LJ, Daniel-Vedèle F, Fernandez E, Forde BG and Caboche M (1997) PCR-identification of a Nicotiana plumbaginifolia cDNA homologous to the high-affinity nitrate transporters of the crnA family. Plant Mol Biol 34: 265–274

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Redinbaugh MG and Campbell WH (1991) Higher plant responses to environmental nitrate. Physiol Plant 82: 640–650

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Redinbaugh MG and Campbell WH (1993) Glutamine synthetase and ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase expression in the maize (Zea mays) root primary response to nitrate. Plant Physiol 101: 1249–1255

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rhiel E, Krupinska K and Wehrmeyer W (1986) Effects of nitrogen starvation on the function and organization of the photosynthetic membranes in Cryptomonas maculata (Crypophyceae). Planta 169: 361–369

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie SW, Redinbaugh MG, Shiraishi N, Vrba JM and Campbell WH (1994) Identification of a maize root transcript expressed in the primary response to nitrate: Characterization of a cDNA with homology to ferredoxin-NADP+ oxidoreductase. Plant Mol Biol 26: 679–690

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sakakibara H, Kawabata S, Hase T and Sugiyama T (1992a) Differential effects of nitrate and light on the expression of glutamine synthetases and ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase in maize. Plant Cell Physiol 33: 1193–1198

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakakibara H, Kawabata S, Takahashi H, Hase T and Sugiyama T (1992b) Molecular cloning of the family of glutamine synthetase genes from maize: Expression of genes for glutamine synthetase and ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic tissues. Plant Cell Physiol 33: 49–58

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakakibara H, Shimizu H, Hase T, Yamazaki Y, Takao T, Shimonishi Y and Sugiyama T (1996a) Molecular identification and characterization of cytosolic isoforms of glutamine synthetase in maize roots. J Biol Chem 271: 29561–29568

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sakakibara H, Takei K and Sugiyama T (1996b) Isolation and characterization of a cDNA that encodes maize uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferase involved in the synthesis of siroheme, which is a prosthetic group of nitrite reductase. Plant J l0: 883–892

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakakibara H, Kobayashi K, Deji A and Sugiyama T (1997) Partial characterization of signalling pathway of nitrate-dependent expression of the genes for nitrogen-assimilatory enzymes using detached maize leaves. Plant Cell Physiol 38: 837–843

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakakibara H, Suzuki M, Takei K, Deji A, Taniguchi M and Sugiyama T (1998) A response-regulator homolog possibly involved in nitrogen signal transduction mediated by cytokinin in maize. Plant J 14: 337–344

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sakakibara H, Hayakawa A, Deji A, Gawronski S and Sugiyama T (1999) His-Asp phosphotransfer possibly involved in a nitrogen signal transduction mediated by cytokinin in maize: Molecular cloning of cDNAs for two-component regulatory factors and demonstration of phosphotransfer activity in vitro. Plant Mol Biol 41: 563–573

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sakakibara H, Taniguchi M and Sugiyama T (2000) His-Asp phosphorelay signaling: A communication avenue between plants and their environment. Plant Mol Biol 42: 273–278

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Samuelson ME and Larsson C-M (1993) Nitrate regulation of zeatin riboside levels in barley roots: Effects of inhibitors of N assimilation and comparison with ammonium. Plant Sci 93: 77–84

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saux, C., Lemoine Y, Marion-Poll A, Valadier MH, Deng M and Morot-Gaudry JF (1987) Consequence of absence of nitrate reductase activity on photosynthesis in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia plants. Plant Physiol 84: 67–72

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scheible W-R, Lauerer M, Schulze E-D, Caboche M and Stitt M (1997) Accumulation of nitrate in the shoot act as a signal to regulate shoot-root allocation in tobacco. Plant J 11: 671–691

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheen J (1990) Metabolic repression of transcription in higher plants. Plant Cell 2: 1027–1038

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sheen J (1994) Feedback-control of gene-expression. Photosynth Res 39: 427–438

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shiraishi N, Sato T, Ogura N and Nakagawa H (1992) Control by glutamine of the synthesis of nitrate reductase in cultured spinach cells. Plant Cell Physiol 33: 727–731

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siddiqi MY, Glass ADM, Ruth TJ and Rufty TW (1990) Studies of the uptake of nitrate in barley. Plant Physiol 93: 1426–1432

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Solomonson LP and Barber MJ (1990) Assimilatory nitrate reductase: Functional properties and regulation. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 41: 225–253

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Son D and Sugiyama T (1992) Molecular cloning of an alanine aminotransferase from NAD-malic enzyme type-C4 plant Panicum miliaceum. Plant Mol Biol 20: 705–713

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Son D, Jo J and Sugiyama T (1991) Purification and characterization of alanine aminotransferase from Panicum miliaceum leaves. Arch Biochem Biophys 289: 262–266

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Son D, Kobe A and Sugiyama T (1992) Nitrogen-dependent regulation of the gene for alanine aminotransferase which is involved in the C4 pathway of Panicum miliaceum. Plant Cell Physiol 33: 507–509

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stitt M (1999) Nitrate regulation of metabolism and growth. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2: 178–186

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stitt M and Krapp A (1999) The interaction between elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen nutrition: The physiological and molecular background. Plant Cell Environ 22: 583–621

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sugiharto B and Sugiyama T (1992) Effects of nitrate and ammonium on gene expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and nitrogen metabolism in maize leaf tissue during recovery from nitrogen stress. Plant Physiol 98: 1403–1408

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sugiharto B, Miyata K, Nakamoto H, Sasakawa H and Sugiyama T (1990) Regulation of expression of carbon-assimilating enzymes by nitrogen in maize leaf. Plant Physiol 92: 963–969

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sugiharto B, Burnell JN and Sugiyama T (1992a) Cytokinin is required to induce the nitrogen-dependent accumulation of mRNAs for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in detached maize leaves. Plant Physiol 100: 153–156

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sugiharto B, Suzuki I, Burnell JN and Sugiyama T (1992b) Glutamine induces the N-dependent accumulation of mRNAs encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in detached maize leaf tissue. Plant Physiol 100: 2066–2070

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sugiyama T (1998) Nitrogen-responsive expression of C4 photosynthesis genes in maize. In: Satoh K and Murata N (ed) Stress Responses of Photosynthetic Organisms, pp 167–180. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugiyama T, Mizuno M and Hayashi M (1984) Partitioning of nitrogen among ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase as related to biomass productivity in maize seedlings. Plant Physiol 75: 665–669

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki I, Cretin C, Omata T and Sugiyama T (1994) Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of nitrogen-responding expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene in maize. Plant Physiol 105: 1223–1229

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takei K, Sakakibara H, Taniguchi M and Sugiyama T (2001) Nitrogen-dependent accumulation of cytokinins in root and the translocation to leaf: Implication of cytokinin species that induces gene expression of maize response regulator. Plant Cell Physiol 42: 85–93

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taniguchi M, Sawaki H, Sasakawa H, Hase T and Sugiyama T (1992) Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA encoding aspartate aminotransferase isozymes from Panicum miliaceum L. a C4 plant. Eur J Biochem 204: 611–620

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taniguchi M, Kobe A, Kato M and Sugiyama T (1995) Aspartate aminotransferase isozymes in Panicum miliaceum L., an NAD-malic enzyme-type C4 plant: Comparison of enzymatic properties, primary structures, and expression patterns. Arch Biochem Biophys 318: 295–306

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taniguchi M, Kiba T, Sakakibara H, Ueguchi C, Mizuno T and Sugiyama T (1998) Expression of Arabidopsis response regulator homologs is induced by cytokinins and nitrate. FEBS Lett 429: 259–262

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Terashima I and Evans JR (1988) Effects of light and nitrogen nutrition on the photosynthetic apparatus in spinach. Plant Cell Physiol 29: 143–155

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trueman LJ, Onyeocha I and Forde BG (1996a) Recent advances in the molecular biology of a family of eukaryotic high affinity nitrate transporters. Plant Physiol Biochem 34: 621–627

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trueman LJ, Richardson A and Forde BG (1996b) Molecular cloning of higher plant homologues of the high-affinity nitrate transporters of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Aspergillus nidulans. Gene 175: 223–231

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tsai F-Y and Coruzzi GM (1990) Dark-induced and organ-specific expression of two asparagine synthetase genes in Pisum sativum. EMBO J 9: 323–332

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tsay YF, Schroeder JI, Feldmann KA and Crawford NM (1993) The herbicide sensitivity gene CHL1 of Arabidopsis encodes a nitrate-inducible nitrate transporter. Cell 72: 705–713

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Urquhart AA and Joy KW (1981) Use of phloem exudate technique in the study of amino acid transport in pea plants. Plant Physiol 68: 750–754

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vézina LPV and Langlois JR (1989) Tissue and cellular distribution of glutamine synthetase in roots of pea (Pisum sativum) seedlings. Plant Physiol 90: 1129–1133

    Google Scholar 

  • Vincentz M, Moureaux T, Leydecker M-T, Vaucheret H and Caboche M (1993) Regulation of nitrate and nitrite reductase expression in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia leaves by nitrogen and carbon metabolites. Plant J 3: 315–324

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yamazaki M, Watanabe A and Sugiyama T (1986) Nitrogen-regulated accumulation of mRNA and protein for photosynthetic carbon-assimilating enzymes in maize. Plant Cell Physiol 27: 443–452

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Science Center, RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Japan

    Tatsuo Sugiyama

  2. Laboratory for Communication Mechanism, RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research) Plant Science Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Japan

    Hitoshi Sakakibara

Authors
  1. Tatsuo Sugiyama
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hitoshi Sakakibara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Crop Performance and Improvement Division, IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, UK

    Christine H. Foyer

  2. Institut de la Biotechnologie des Plantes, Université Denis Diderot Paris VII, Orsay, France

    Graham Noctor

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sugiyama, T., Sakakibara, H. (2002). Regulation of Carbon and Nitrogen Assimilation Through Gene Expression. In: Foyer, C.H., Noctor, G. (eds) Photosynthetic Nitrogen Assimilation and Associated Carbon and Respiratory Metabolism. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 12. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48138-3_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48138-3_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6336-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-306-48138-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation