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Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria pp 831–845Cite as

Proton-Translocating Transhydrogenase and NADH Dehydrogenase in Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria

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Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 2))

Summary

Some species of anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria possess transhydrogenase and NADH dehydrogenase enzymes that are closely related to equivalent enzymes from animal mitochondria. Both are membrane proteins which couple redox reactions of the nicotinamide nucleotides to the translocation of hydrogen ions. Transhydrogenase catalyses the reversible transfer of reducing equivalents between NAD(H) and NADP(H); it has a low proton pumping stoichiometry. Probably under most conditions NADH dehydrogenase serves to transfer reducing equivalents from NADH to ubiquinone; it has a high proton pumping stoichiometry. Both enzymes are very active in chromatophore membranes isolated from cells of Rhodobacter and Rhodospirillum species grown anaerobically in the light, but their physiological function during phototrophic growth is not clear. Transhydrogenase may be involved in the transfer of reducing power between the cytoplasmic NAD(H) and NADP(H) pools, governed by the transmembrane proton electrochemical gradient (Δp), and in response to the metabolic needs of the cell. It might have a lesser role in the generation or regulation of Δp. During aerobic growth in the dark, NADH dehydrogenase undoubtedly serves as a major generator of Δp; during phototrophic growth it might be essential for the oxidation of highly reduced carbon substrates by auxiliary oxidants such as nitrate or dimethylsulfoxide, or it might be expressed in ‘readiness’ for the return to dark aerobic growth.

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  1. School of Biochemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK

    J. Baz Jackson

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  1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA

    Robert E. Blankenship

  2. Department of Microbiology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA

    Michael T. Madigan

  3. Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA

    Carl E. Bauer

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Jackson, J.B. (1995). Proton-Translocating Transhydrogenase and NADH Dehydrogenase in Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria. In: Blankenship, R.E., Madigan, M.T., Bauer, C.E. (eds) Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47954-0_38

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